环境安装规划

1.1系统分区规划

分区名称	文件系统类型	分区大小
swap	swap	官方建议：物理内存2-16G，swap等于内存大小物理内存大于16G，swap为16G
/boot	xfs	1G
/	xfs	剩余空间
/u01(额外磁盘)	xfs	50G
/oradata(额外磁盘)	xfs	按需分配

1.2数据库内存规划

建议SGA+PGA占整个节点物理内存的65%，其中，建议SGA大小容量为PGA的3倍，

具体设置请参考实际业务。若实际配置内存容量大小为32GB，则建议规划

的SGA和PGA分别如下：

l SGA大小：32 GB * 65% * 75% = 15.6 GB

l PGA大小：32 GB * 65% * 25% = 5.2 GB

1.3数据库用户规划

用户名

用户ID

用户组

用户组id

用户密码

oracle

1000

oinstall

1005

自定义

dba

1006

1.4环境变量规划

用户	环境变量	路径
oracle	ORACLE_BASE	/u01/app/oracle
oracle	ORACLE_HOME	$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db
oracle	ORACLE_SID	用户按需求自定义

操作系统安装及环境配置

2.1操作系统安装

Contiune

配置系统

选择时区：shanghai

Software选择server with gui

磁盘分区配置

分区规划

配置主机名

配置网络

开始安装

2.2环境配置

2.2.1安装rpm包

1挂载ISO

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

2配置yum源

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo

[yum]

name=yum

baseurl=file:///mnt

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

3安装相关rpm包

for PACKAGE in lftp binutils compat-gcc-* compat-gcc-*-c++ compat-libstdc++-*

control-center gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common libstdc++ libstdc++-devel

make pdksh openmotif setarch sysstat glibc-devel libgcc libaio compat-db

libXtst libXp libXp.i686 libXt.i686 libXtst.i686 unixODBC unixODBC-devel

elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf glibc-headers libaio-devel numactl-devel

libaio.i686 libaio-devel.i686 compat-libstdc++-*.i686 libgcc.i686 unixODBC.i686

unixODBC-devel.i686 libstdc++.i686 lrzsz screen ;

do

yum -y install $PACKAGE

done

2.2.2配置host

vi /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

10.180.186.30 dbrecover

2.2.3关闭防火墙及selinux

关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld

systemctl disable firewalld

关闭selinux

sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

setenforce 0

2.2.4创建用户及用户组

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1005 oinstall

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1006 dba

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 1000 -g oinstall -G dba oracle

2.2.5配置用户环境变量

su - oracle

vi .bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db

export ORACLE_SID=center

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

2.2.6修改系统参数

1 配置/etc/security/limits.conf

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 65536

oracle hard nproc 65536

oracle soft nofile 65536

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft stack 65536

oracle soft memlock 1425011166

oracle hard memlock 1425011166

2配置/etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmmax参数：需要根据实际物理内存计算，此处按节点物理内存32GB计算；建议

kernel.shmmax参数取值为节点物理内存的70%，单位为字节，即

32*70%*1024*1024*1024=24051816857.6（向上取整为24051816858）。

kernel.shmall参数：根据SGA/PAGE_SIZE计算。

kernel.sem参数：如果客户单个数据库需要支持的process数超过1500，请按照实际情况配置

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmall = 5872026

kernel.shmmax = 24051816858

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 1500 1536000 100 128

fs.file-max = 6815744

fs.aio-max-nr = 3145728

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.ipv4.ipfrag_high_thresh = 16777216

net.ipv4.ipfrag_low_thresh = 15728640

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

vm.min_free_kbytes= 1048576

使系统参数生效

sysctl -p

2.2.7创建Oracle目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

Chmod -R 755 /u01

mkdir -p /oradata

chown oracle:oinstall /oradata

Chmod 755 /oradata

归档路径：

mkdir -p /oradata/arch

chown oracle:oinstall /oradata/arch
Oracle软件安装

3.1上传oracle安装包

[root@dbrecover software]# ls -lh p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_*

-rw-r--r--. 1 505 505 1.3G Jun 8 16:25 p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip

-rw-r--r--. 1 505 505 1.1G Jun 8 16:25 p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

解压

unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip

unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

3.2安装oracle软件

Centos7安装oracle指定jdk1.7 jre目录（不然图形界面会有问题）

cd /u01/software/database

./runInstaller -jreLoc /u01/jdk1.7.0_80/jre

Pdksh rpm包可忽略

Centos7 会出现该问题

修改$ORACLE_HOME/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk

将$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)修改为：$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL) -lnnz11

点击retry，继续安装。

Root用户下执行脚本：

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/root.sh
oracle补丁集安装

4.1官网查询最新psu补丁集及OPATCH补丁工具

meatalink号:1454618.1

下载psu 31537677后，查看readme文件要求opatch工具版本大于 11.2.0.3.23；

下载最新opatch工具

4.2上传文件及安装opatch

解压p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip

unzip p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip

替换原Opatch目录

[oracle@dbrecover software]$ mv /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/OPatch /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/OPatchbak

[oracle@dbrecover software]$ mv OPatch/ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/

查看opatch版本

[oracle@dbrecover software]$ opatch version

OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.29

OPatch succeeded.

4.3安装psu

解压psu

unzip p31537677_112040_Linux-x86-64_db.zip

psu安装冲突检测

cd 31537677

[oracle@dbrecover 31537677]$ opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./

日志如下：

Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.29

Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

PREREQ session

Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db

Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory

from : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/oraInst.loc

OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.29

OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0

Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2021-06-16_11-16-42AM_1.log

Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"

Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.

OPatch succeeded.

psu安装

cd 31537677

[oracle@dbrecover 31537677]$ opatch apply

日志如下：

Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.29

Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db

Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory

from : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/oraInst.loc

OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.29

OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0

Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2021-06-16_11-18-22AM_1.log

Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Start OOP by Prereq process.

Launch OOP...

Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.29

Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db

Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory

from : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/oraInst.loc

OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.29

OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0

Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2021-06-16_11-18-41AM_1.log

Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...

OPatch continues with these patches: 17478514 18031668 18522509 19121551 19769489 20299013 20760982 21352635 21948347 22502456 23054359 24006111 24732075 25869727 26609445 26392168 26925576 27338049 27734982 28204707 28729262 29141056 29497421 29913194 30298532 30670774 31103343 31537677

Do you want to proceed? [y|n]

y

User Responded with: Y

All checks passed.

Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.

(Oracle Home = '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db')

Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]

y

User Responded with: Y

Backing up files...

Applying sub-patch '17478514' to OH '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db'
数据库创建

5.1创建数据库

oracle用户下执行dbca：

修改操作系统shm大小

编辑vi /etc/fstab

tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=3072M 0 0

调整redo大小，调整为500M（默认为50M）

安装完成

5.2创建监听

Oracle用户下，执行netca

全部默认即可。
Networker备份数据库

6.1配置host文件

cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF

###备份###

10.180.188.2 networker

10.180.188.15 dd2200

EOF

6.2安装Networker客户端

nmda18201_linux_x86_64.tar.gz (linux 下面各种数据库模块oracle,db2,mysql…)

nw18201_linux_x86_64.tar.gz (linux下面备份软件)

解压后，rpm安装

启动networker客户端

[root@dbrecover linux_x86_64]# systemctl start networker

安装oracle数据库模块

[root@dbrecover networker]# yum -y install ksh

6.3配置networker

name为主机名

默认

自己编辑备份脚本：

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 3;

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

RUN {

ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH1 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';

ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH2 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';

ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH3 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';

ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH4 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';

SEND DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' 'NSR_ENV=(NSR_COMPRESSION=true)';

backup as compressed backupset section size 10g database

format 'full_%d_%T_%s_%p_%U'

plus archivelog

format 'arch_%d_%T_%s_%p'

delete all input;

backup current controlfile format 'ctl_%d_%T_%s_%p';

backup spfile format 'spfile_%d_%T_%s_%p';

RELEASE CHANNEL CH1;

RELEASE CHANNEL CH2;

RELEASE CHANNEL CH3;

RELEASE CHANNEL CH4;

}

run{

allocate channel CH1 type 'SBT_TAPE';

crosscheck backup;

crosscheck archivelog all;

delete noprompt archivelog until time 'sysdate-7';

delete noprompt obsolete;

delete noprompt expired backup;

release channel CH1;

}

配置group及备份策略

默认即可

后续全部默认即可。

Networker（10.180.188.2）服务端添加权限：

备份测试：

备份成功。

Centos7 安装11.2.0.4

环境安装规划

1.1系统分区规划

1.2数据库内存规划

1.3数据库用户规划

1.4环境变量规划

操作系统安装及环境配置

2.1操作系统安装

2.2环境配置

2.2.1安装rpm包

2.2.2配置host

2.2.3关闭防火墙及selinux

2.2.4创建用户及用户组

2.2.5配置用户环境变量

2.2.6修改系统参数

2.2.7创建Oracle目录

Oracle软件安装

3.1上传oracle安装包

3.2安装oracle软件

oracle补丁集安装

4.1官网查询最新psu补丁集及OPATCH补丁工具

4.2上传文件及安装opatch

4.3安装psu

数据库创建

5.1创建数据库

5.2创建监听

Networker备份数据库

6.1配置host文件

6.2安装Networker客户端

6.3配置networker