SpringData_Repository接口概述

  • Repository 接口是 Spring Data 的一个核心接口,它不提供任何方法,开发者需要在自己定义的接口中声明需要的方法  public interface Repository<T, ID extends Serializable> { } 

  • Spring Data可以让我们只定义接口,只要遵循 Spring Data的规范,就无需写实现类。
  • 与继承 Repository 等价的一种方式,就是在持久层接口上使用 @RepositoryDefinition 注解,并为其指定 domainClass 和 idClass 属性。如下两种方式是完全等价的

Repository 的子接口

  • 基础的 Repository 提供了最基本的数据访问功能,其几个子接口则扩展了一些功能。它们的继承关系如下:

1.Repository: 仅仅是一个标识,表明任何继承它的均为仓库接口类

2.CrudRepository: 继承 Repository,实现了一组 CRUD 相关的方法

3.PagingAndSortingRepository: 继承 CrudRepository,实现了一组分页排序相关的方法

4.JpaRepository: 继承 PagingAndSortingRepository,实现一组 JPA 规范相关的方法

5.自定义的 XxxxRepository 需要继承 JpaRepository,这样的 XxxxRepository 接口就具备了通用的数据访问控制层的能力。

6.JpaSpecificationExecutor: 不属于Repository体系,实现一组 JPA Criteria 查询相关的方法

SpringData 方法定义规范

 

  • 简单条件查询:查询某一个实体类或者集合
  • 按照 Spring Data 的规范,查询方法以 find | read | get 开头, 涉及条件查询时,条件的属性用条件关键字连接,要注意的是:条件属性以首字母大写。
  • 例如:定义一个 Entity 实体类 class User{ 	private String firstName; 	private String lastName; } 使用And条件连接时,应这样写: findByLastNameAndFirstName(String lastName,String firstName); 条件的属性名称与个数要与参数的位置与个数一一对应
    

      支持的关键字

 SampleJPQL snippet

And

findByLastnameAndFirstname

… where x.lastname = ?1 and x.firstname = ?2

Or

findByLastnameOrFirstname

… where x.lastname = ?1 or x.firstname = ?2

Is,Equals

findByFirstname,findByFirstnameIs,findByFirstnameEquals

… where x.firstname = ?1

Between

findByStartDateBetween

… where x.startDate between ?1 and ?2

LessThan

findByAgeLessThan

… where x.age < ?1

LessThanEqual

findByAgeLessThanEqual

… where x.age <= ?1

GreaterThan

findByAgeGreaterThan

… where x.age > ?1

GreaterThanEqual

findByAgeGreaterThanEqual

… where x.age >= ?1

After

findByStartDateAfter

… where x.startDate > ?1

Before

findByStartDateBefore

… where x.startDate < ?1

IsNull

findByAgeIsNull

… where x.age is null

IsNotNull,NotNull

findByAge(Is)NotNull

… where x.age not null

Like

findByFirstnameLike

… where x.firstname like ?1

NotLike

findByFirstnameNotLike

… where x.firstname not like ?1

StartingWith

findByFirstnameStartingWith

… where x.firstname like ?1(parameter bound with appended %)

EndingWith

findByFirstnameEndingWith

… where x.firstname like ?1(parameter bound with prepended %)

Containing

findByFirstnameContaining

… where x.firstname like ?1(parameter bound wrapped in %)

OrderBy

findByAgeOrderByLastnameDesc

… where x.age = ?1 order by x.lastname desc

Not

findByLastnameNot

… where x.lastname <> ?1

In

findByAgeIn(Collection<Age> ages)

… where x.age in ?1

NotIn

findByAgeNotIn(Collection<Age> age)

… where x.age not in ?1

True

findByActiveTrue()

… where x.active = true

False

findByActiveFalse()

… where x.active = false

IgnoreCase

findByFirstnameIgnoreCase

… where UPPER(x.firstame) = UPPER(?1)

Table 4. Supported keywords inside method names
KeywordSampleJPQL snippet

And

findByLastnameAndFirstname

… where x.lastname = ?1 and x.firstname = ?2

Or

findByLastnameOrFirstname

… where x.lastname = ?1 or x.firstname = ?2

Is,Equals

findByFirstname,findByFirstnameIs,findByFirstnameEquals

… where x.firstname = ?1

Between

findByStartDateBetween

… where x.startDate between ?1 and ?2

LessThan

findByAgeLessThan

… where x.age < ?1

LessThanEqual

findByAgeLessThanEqual

… where x.age <= ?1

GreaterThan

findByAgeGreaterThan

… where x.age > ?1

GreaterThanEqual

findByAgeGreaterThanEqual

… where x.age >= ?1

After

findByStartDateAfter

… where x.startDate > ?1

Before

findByStartDateBefore

… where x.startDate < ?1

IsNull

findByAgeIsNull

… where x.age is null

IsNotNull,NotNull

findByAge(Is)NotNull

… where x.age not null

Like

findByFirstnameLike

… where x.firstname like ?1

NotLike

findByFirstnameNotLike

… where x.firstname not like ?1

StartingWith

findByFirstnameStartingWith

… where x.firstname like ?1(parameter bound with appended %)

EndingWith

findByFirstnameEndingWith

… where x.firstname like ?1(parameter bound with prepended %)

Containing

findByFirstnameContaining

… where x.firstname like ?1(parameter bound wrapped in %)

OrderBy

findByAgeOrderByLastnameDesc

… where x.age = ?1 order by x.lastname desc

Not

findByLastnameNot

… where x.lastname <> ?1

In

findByAgeIn(Collection<Age> ages)

… where x.age in ?1

NotIn

findByAgeNotIn(Collection<Age> age)

… where x.age not in ?1

True

findByActiveTrue()

… where x.active = true

False

findByActiveFalse()

… where x.active = false

IgnoreCase

findByFirstnameIgnoreCase

… where UPPER(x.firstame) = UPPER(?1)

好了废话了这么多直接上代码:

1.首先我们需要定义一个实体Person:

package com.fxr.springdata;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Table(name="JPA_PERSONS")
@Entity
public class Person {

	private Integer id;
	private String lastName;
	private String email;
	private Date birth;
	@GeneratedValue
	@Id
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getLastName() {
		return lastName;
	}
	public void setLastName(String lastName) {
		this.lastName = lastName;
	}
	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}
	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}
	public Date getBirth() {
		return birth;
	}
	public void setBirth(Date birth) {
		this.birth = birth;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Person [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email="
				+ email + ", birth=" + birth + "]";
	}
	
	
	
	
	
}

  2.我们需要写一个PersonRepsotory接口来实现JpaRepository<Person,Integer>,传的两个泛型第一个是实体类,第二个是主键的类型

package com.fxr.springdata;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;


public interface PersonRepsotory extends JpaRepository<Person,Integer>{

	//根据lastName来获取对应的Person
	Person getByLastName(String lastName);
	
}

  3.编写测试类

package com.fxr.test;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.fxr.springdata.Person;
import com.fxr.springdata.PersonRepsotory;

public class SpringDataTest {

	private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
	private PersonRepsotory personRepsotory;
	
	{
		ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		personRepsotory = ctx.getBean(PersonRepsotory.class);
	}
	
	//测试配置的数据源成功没有成功
	@Test
	public void testDataSource() throws SQLException{
		DataSource dataSource = ctx.getBean(DataSource.class);
		System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection());
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testHelloWorldSpringData(){
		System.out.println(personRepsotory.getClass().getName());
		
		Person person = personRepsotory.getByLastName("sunwukong");
		System.out.println(person);
	}
	
	
	
}

  打印出结果,就说明我们的程序运行成功

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/airycode/p/6535323.html