《Cracking the Coding Interview》——第3章:栈和队列——题目2

2014-03-18 05:08

题目:实现一个栈,除了能进行push和pop之外,还能在O(1)时间内返回栈中最小的元素。

解法:用另一个“最小栈”存放最小的元素,每当有不小于当前最小值的元素进栈时,就代表最小值更新了(就算与当前最小值相等,也代表个数变了)。这时,同时要将最小值进栈。这个最小栈的栈顶就是最小的元素。出栈时,遇到数据栈的栈顶元素与最小栈相等时,要同时将最小栈出栈;否则只弹出数据栈即可。

代码:

 1 // 3.2 Design a modified stack that in addition to Push and Pop can also provide minimum element present in the stack via Min function.
 2 #include <climits>
 3 #include <cstdio>
 4 #include <cstring>
 5 #include <stack>
 6 using namespace std;
 7 
 8 class MinStack {
 9 public:
10     bool empty() {
11         return st.empty();
12     }
13     
14     void push(int val) {
15         st.push(val);
16         if (min_st.empty() || val <= min_st.top()) {
17             min_st.push(val);
18         }
19     }
20     
21     void pop() {
22         if (st.empty()) {
23             return;
24         }
25         if (st.top() == min_st.top()) {
26             min_st.pop();
27         }
28         st.pop();
29     }
30     
31     int top() {
32         if (st.empty()) {
33             return INT_MIN;
34         }
35         return st.top();
36     }
37     
38     int min() {
39         if (st.empty()) {
40             return INT_MIN;
41         }
42         return min_st.top();
43     }
44 private:
45     stack<int> st;
46     stack<int> min_st;
47 };
48 
49 int main()
50 {
51     char s[100];
52     int op;
53     MinStack st;
54     
55     while (scanf("%s", s) == 1 && strcmp(s, "END") != 0) {
56         if (strcmp(s, "PUSH") == 0) {
57             scanf("%d", &op);
58             st.push(op);
59             printf("push=%d
", op);
60         } else if (strcmp(s, "POP") == 0) {
61             op = st.top();
62             st.pop();
63             printf("pop=%d
", op);
64         } else if (strcmp(s, "TOP") == 0) {
65             printf("top=%d
", st.top());
66         } else if (strcmp(s, "MIN") == 0) {
67             printf("min=%d
", st.min());
68         }
69     }
70     
71     return 0;
72 }
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhuli19901106/p/3606711.html