路由可以简单理解就是
URL -> 函数名
例如：
/login1/ -> 函数名
urls.py文件中
urlpatterns = [
# url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^index/', views.index),
url(r'^index1/', views.index),
]
#从下向下匹配，如果上面URL匹配成功下面就不进行匹配处理
如果要处理很多URL请求时，第一个处理方法，是每个URL写一个对应函数。这样效率不高，优处理方法是通过正则表达式处理：
路由关系中动态参数：
例子1：传递一个参数
urls.py文件中
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^login/(d+)/', views.login),
]
views.py文件中接收时注意，传入随URL还有一个数字，所以要有两个参数。
def login(request,nid):
print(nid) #nid就是传入数字参数
request HttpResponse('OK')
例子2：传递多个参数
urls.py文件中
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^login/(d+)（d+)/', views.login),
]
views.py文件中接收时注意，传入随URL还有一个数字，所以要有多个参数。
def login(request,nid1，nid2):
print(nid1,nid2) #nid就是传入数字参数
request HttpResponse('OK')
例子3：根据名字传递参数
urls.py文件中
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^login/(?P<p1>d+)/（?P<x2>d+)/', views.login), ]
views.py文件中接收时注意，传入随URL形参数名称要对应。
def login(request,p1，x2):
print(p1,x2) # 就是传入数字参数
request HttpResponse('OK')
例子3：路由实现简单分页
views.py
USER_LIST = [] for item in range(94): temp = {'id':item,'username':'alex'+str(item),'email':'email'+str(item)} USER_LIST.append(temp) def index(request,page): page = int(page) start = (page-1)*10 end = page * 10 user_list = USER_LIST[start:end] return render(request,'index.html',{'user_list':user_list}) def detail(request,nid): #详细页 nid = int(nid) current_detail_dict = USER_LIST[nid] return render(request,'detail.html',{'current_detail_dict':current_detail_dict})
urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from cmdb import views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^index/(d+)', views.index), url(r'^detail/(d+)', views.detail), ]
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> </head> <body> <h1 style="color: red">123</h1> <h1>用户输入：</h1> <form action="/index/" method="POST"> <input type="text" name="user" /> <input type="text" name="email" /> <input type="submit" value="提交" /> </form> <h1>数据展示：</h1> <table border="1"> <tr> <th>ID：</th> <th>用户名：</th> <th>详细信息：</th> </tr> {% for line in user_list %} <tr> <td>{{ line.id }}</td> <td>{{ line.username }}</td> <td><a href="/detail/{{ line.id }}">查看详细</a></td> </tr> {% endfor %} </table> {#<script src="/statics/jquery-1.8.2.min.js"></script>#} </body> </html>
detail.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> </head> <body> <ul> <li> {{ current_detail_dict.id }} </li> <li> {{ current_detail_dict.username }} </li> <li> {{ current_detail_dict.email }} </li> </ul> </body> </html>
效果：
点入查看详细进入详细页detail.html
路由分发
在实现中遇到有多个app，每个app相互独立，在urls.py中要建立多个路由进行对应，效率不高。
改进方案，进行分级urls调置，第一级urls接收到，再转给 app内urls，进行分发
第一级urls.py
"""mysite URL Configuration The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/http/urls/ Examples: Function views 1. Add an import: from my_app import views 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^$', views.home, name='home') Class-based views 1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home') Including another URLconf 1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls')) """ from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from cmdb import views from django.conf.urls import url, include urlpatterns = [ url(r'^web/', include('cmdb.urls')), ]
app内建立一个urls.py
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> </head> <body> <h1 style="color: red">123</h1> <h1>用户输入：</h1> <form action="/index/" method="POST"> <input type="text" name="user" /> <input type="text" name="email" /> <input type="submit" value="提交" /> </form> <h1>数据展示：</h1> <table border="1"> <tr> <th>ID：</th> <th>用户名：</th> <th>详细信息：</th> </tr> {% for line in user_list %} <tr> <td>{{ line.id }}</td> <td>{{ line.username }}</td> <td><a href="/web/detail/{{ line.id }}">查看详细</a></td> </tr> {% endfor %} </table> {#<script src="/statics/jquery-1.8.2.min.js"></script>#} </body> </html>
效果在网页输入web/index/1 这样通过web来明确访问那个app
