PostgreSQL ALTER TABLE中改变数据类型时USING的用法<转>

在修改表字段类型的时候使用Using来进行显示的转换类型。

原文说明:

SET DATA TYPE 
  This form changes the type of a column of a table. Indexes and simple table constraints involving the column willbe automatically converted to use the new column type by reparsing the originally supplied expression. The optional COLLATE clause specifies a collation for the new column; if omitted, the collation is the default for the new column type. The optional USING clause specifies how to compute the new column value from the old; if omitted, the default conversion is the same as an assignment cast from old data type to new. A USING clause must be provided if there is no implicit or assignment cast from old to new type.

  大致意思是:转换类型的时候有隐含类型转换的时候,会自动转换,如果没有,那么就必须使用using指定一下转换规则。

1. 建表

create table 101(id integer);

2. 插入数据

insert into tb10 select generate_series(1,5);

3. 把id的int变为varchar

postgres=# alter table tb101 alter id type varchar;
ALTER TABLE

因为int转varchar有隐式的转换,故可以自动转换过去。

postgres=# d tb101
          Table "public.tb101"
 Column |       Type        | Modifiers 
--------+-------------------+-----------
 id     | character varying |

4. 把id的varchar变为int

postgres=# alter table tb101 alter id type int;
ERROR:  column "id" cannot be cast automatically to type integer
HINT:  Specify a USING expression to perform the conversion.

在没有隐式的转换下,就需要指定Using来显示的转换。

5. 使用Using进行类型转换

postgres=# alter table tb101 alter id type int using id::int;
ALTER TABLE
postgres=# d tb101
     Table "public.tb101"
 Column |  Type   | Modifiers 
--------+---------+-----------
 id     | integer | 

id::int 也可以使用cast(id as int)

 
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/winkey4986/p/6274729.html