shell基础

1.命令和文件自动补全 TAB

2.命令历史记忆功能 上下键、!number、!string、!$、!! ctrl+r

[root@localhost ~]# !ps   ##最后执行的ps命令
ps -ef | grep mysql
root      1537     1  0 07:14 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3376/data --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3376/data/mysql.pid
mysql     2608  1537  0 07:14 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3376/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql_3376/data/error.log --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3376/data/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql3376.sock --port=3376
root      3054  3022  0 07:17 pts/0    00:00:00 grep mysql

1007  ps -ef | grep mysql

[root@localhost ~]# !1007
ps -ef | grep mysql
root      1537     1  0 07:14 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3376/data --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3376/data/mysql.pid
mysql     2608  1537  0 07:14 ?        00:00:01 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3376/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql_3376/data/error.log --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3376/data/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql3376.sock --port=3376
root      3066  3022  0 07:19 pts/0    00:00:00 grep mysql
[root@localhost ~]# !!
ps -ef | grep mysql
root      1537     1  0 07:14 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3376/data --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3376/data/mysql.pid
mysql     2608  1537  0 07:14 ?        00:00:01 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3376/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql_3376/data/error.log --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3376/data/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql3376.sock --port=3376
root      3070  3022  0 07:20 pts/0    00:00:00 grep mysql

3.别名功能 alias unalias cp、~username/.bashrc、cp -rf /etc/hosts

[root@localhost ~]# alias cd='date'
[root@localhost ~]# cd
Tue Apr 11 07:21:41 PDT 2017
别名的优先级别比较高
[root@localhost ~]# builtin cd /home

4.快捷键

Ctrl+r 查找历史命令【输入关键字,就能调出以前执行过的命令】
[root@localhost ~]# cd /home (reverse-i-search)`c': cd /home
Ctrl+d 结束输入退出当前shell
Crtl+a 切换到命令开始
Crtl+e 切换到命令末尾
Ctrl+l 清屏
Ctrl+u 清除剪切光标之前的内容
Ctrl+k 清除剪切光标之后的内容
Ctrl+s 暂停屏幕输出【锁住终端】
Ctrl+q 恢复屏幕输出【解锁终端】
Ctrl+c 结束正在运行的程序
Ctrl+y 在光标处粘贴剪切的内容
Ctrl+z 转入后台运行

5.前后台作业控制 & nohup ctrl+c ctrl+z bg%1 fg%1 kill %3 screen

6.输入输出重定向 0,1,2 > >> 2> 2>> 2>&1 &> cat< /etc/hosts cat <<EOF cat >file1<<EOF

 
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/weiwenbo/p/6696630.html