架构师养成记--11.Executor概述

常用方法

Executors.newFiexdPool(int nThreads);固定线程数量的线程池;

Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();单个线程的线程池;

Executors.newCachedThreadPool();根据实际情况调整线程个数的线程池;每个线程空闲时间60s,过时自动回收;

Executors.newScheduleThreadPool();固定数量线程池,每个线程都可显现定时器。

以上几个线程池都是由ThreadPoolExecutor构造出来的

ThreadPoolExecutor构造方法概述:

ThreadPoolExecutor(

  int corePoolSize,//核心线程数,线程池刚初始化的时候实例化线程个数

  int maximumPoolSize,//最大线程数

  long keepLongTime,//空闲时间,过时回收

  TimeUnit unit,//时间单位

  BlockingQueue<Runable> worker,//线程暂缓处

  ThreadFactory threadFactory,

  RejectExecuteHandle handle//拒绝执行的方法

)

Executors.newScheduledThreadPool

ScheduledExecutorService scheduler = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(10);
scheduler.scheduleWithFixedDelay(command, 1, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

command是Thread对象,1后执行,每3秒执行一次。

自定义线程池的使用

ThreadPoolExecutor pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(...);

传的参数中,队列是什么类型很重要

有界队列:当前线程数小于corePoolSize,线程立即执行;大于coreSize,并小于maximumPoolSize,线程放入队列;如果队列满了,就执行拒绝方法。

无界队列:除非资源被耗尽,否则不会发生线程被拒绝的情况。以corePoolSize为准,当前线程数大于corePoolSize,线程就会被加入队列。

注:pool.shutdown();不会立即把线程池关闭,而是等线程池中的线程都执行完了,线程池才会关闭。

拒绝策略

AbortPolicy:系统跑出异常,系统继续执行;

discardOldest:丢弃最老的任务,再执行当前新任务;

discardPolicy:丢弃无法执行的任务,不给于任何处理;

callerRunsPolicy:只要线程没有关,会将当前的线程先执行;

自定义策略实现RejectedExecutionHandler接口。

import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

public class UseThreadPoolExecutor2 implements Runnable{

    private static AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0);
    
    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            int temp = count.incrementAndGet();
            System.out.println("任务" + temp);
            Thread.sleep(2000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //System.out.println(Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors());
        BlockingQueue<Runnable> queue = 
                //new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>();
                new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(10);
        ExecutorService executor  = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
                    5,         //core
                    10,     //max
                    120L,     //2fenzhong
                    TimeUnit.SECONDS,
                    queue);
        
        for(int i = 0 ; i < 20; i++){
            executor.execute(new UseThreadPoolExecutor2());
        }
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        System.out.println("queue size:" + queue.size());        //输出结果是10,说明在1秒的时候还有10个线程入队等待
        Thread.sleep(2000);
    }


}

重点看一下自定义策略

public class UseThreadPoolExecutor1 {


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        /**
         * 在使用有界队列时,若有新的任务需要执行,如果线程池实际线程数小于corePoolSize,则优先创建线程,
         * 若大于corePoolSize,则会将任务加入队列,
         * 若队列已满,则在总线程数不大于maximumPoolSize的前提下,创建新的线程,
         * 若线程数大于maximumPoolSize,则执行拒绝策略。或其他自定义方式。
         * 
         */    
        ThreadPoolExecutor pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
                1,                 //coreSize
                2,                 //MaxSize
                60,             //60
                TimeUnit.SECONDS, 
                new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(3)            //指定一种队列 (有界队列)
                //new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>()
                , new MyRejected()
                //, new DiscardOldestPolicy()
                );
        
        MyTask mt1 = new MyTask(1, "任务1");
        MyTask mt2 = new MyTask(2, "任务2");
        MyTask mt3 = new MyTask(3, "任务3");
        MyTask mt4 = new MyTask(4, "任务4");
        MyTask mt5 = new MyTask(5, "任务5");
        MyTask mt6 = new MyTask(6, "任务6");
        
        pool.execute(mt1);
        pool.execute(mt2);
        pool.execute(mt3);
        pool.execute(mt4);
        pool.execute(mt5);
        pool.execute(mt6);
        
        pool.shutdown();
        
    }
}
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionHandler;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;

public class MyRejected implements RejectedExecutionHandler{

    
    public MyRejected(){
    }
    
    @Override
    public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {
        System.out.println("自定义处理..");
        System.out.println("当前被拒绝任务为:" + r.toString());
        

    }

}
public class MyTask implements Runnable {

    private int taskId;
    private String taskName;
    
    public MyTask(int taskId, String taskName){
        this.taskId = taskId;
        this.taskName = taskName;
    }
    
    public int getTaskId() {
        return taskId;
    }

    public void setTaskId(int taskId) {
        this.taskId = taskId;
    }

    public String getTaskName() {
        return taskName;
    }

    public void setTaskName(String taskName) {
        this.taskName = taskName;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            System.out.println("run taskId =" + this.taskId);
            Thread.sleep(5*1000);
            //System.out.println("end taskId =" + this.taskId);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }        
    }
    
    public String toString(){
        return Integer.toString(this.taskId);
    }

}
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/sigm/p/6236464.html