最小堆的两种实现及其STL代码

#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
bool cmp(int x,int y)
{
    return x>y;
}
int main()
{
    vector<int> a;
    int num,n;
    scanf("%d",&n);
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
    {
        scanf("%d",&num);
        a.push_back(num);
    }
    make_heap(a.begin(),a.end(),cmp);
    scanf("%d",&num);
    a.push_back(num);
    push_heap(a.begin(),a.end(),cmp);
    cout<<a[0]<<endl;
    pop_heap(a.begin(),a.end(),cmp);
    a.pop_back();
    return 0;
}

pop_heap(a.begin(),a.end(),cmp)  的功能只是将第一个元素放到最后,然后忽略最后一个元素的情况下再维护一遍堆

一:最小堆的初始堆有两种方式建立:

1、for(int i=1;i<=m;++i)

     heap_up(i);

让上面的路走通

2、for(int i=m/2;i>=1;--i)
    heap_down(i);

让下面的路走通

 

二、删除最小元素

将最后元素取代最小元素,然后heap_down(1)

三、插入元素

将元素放在数组最后,然后heap_up(m)

//合并果子    方式一
#include<iostream>
#include<stdio.h>
using namespace std;

int n;int ans=0;int m=0;//堆的大小 
int a[10005];

void heap_up(int d){
    int father;
    while(d>1)
    {
        father=d/2;
        if(a[father]>a[d])
        {
            swap(a[father],a[d]);
            d=father;
        }
        else break;
    }
} 

void heap_down(int d){
    int son;
    while(d<=m)
    {
        son=2*d;
        if(son>m) break;
        if(son+1<=m&&a[son+1]<a[son]) son++;
        if(a[son]<a[d])
        {
            swap(a[son],a[d]);
            d=son;
        }
        else break;
    }

}

int heap_pop(){
    int ret=a[1];
    a[1]=a[m--];
    heap_down(1);
    return ret;
}

void heap_push(int num){
    m++;
    a[m]=num;
    heap_up(m);
}

int main(){
    cin>>n;
    for(int i=1;i<=n;++i)
    {
        cin>>a[i];
        m++;
        heap_up(i);
    }
    
    
    for(int i=1;i<n;++i)
    {
        int min1=heap_pop();
        int min2=heap_pop();
        ans+=min1+min2;
        heap_push(min1+min2);
    
    }
    cout<<ans<<endl;

}
//合并果子  方式二
#include<iostream>
#include<stdio.h>
using namespace std;

int n;int ans=0;int m=0;//堆的大小 
int a[10005];

void heap_up(int d){
    int father;
    while(d>1)
    {
        father=d/2;
        if(a[father]>a[d])
        {
            swap(a[father],a[d]);
            d=father;
        }
        else break;
    }
} 

void heap_down(int d){
    int son;
    while(d<=m)
    {
        son=2*d;
        if(son>m) break;
        if(son+1<=m&&a[son+1]<a[son]) son++;
        if(a[son]<a[d])
        {
            swap(a[son],a[d]);
            d=son;
        }
        else break;
    }

}

int heap_pop(){
    int ret=a[1];
    a[1]=a[m--];
    heap_down(1);
    return ret;
}

void heap_push(int num){
    m++;
    a[m]=num;
    heap_up(m);
}

int main(){
    cin>>n;
    for(int i=1;i<=n;++i)
    {
        cin>>a[i];
        m++;
    }
    
    for(int i=m/2;i>=1;--i)
    heap_down(i);
    
    for(int i=1;i<n;++i)
    {
        int min1=heap_pop();
        int min2=heap_pop();
        ans+=min1+min2;
        heap_push(min1+min2);
    
    }
    cout<<ans<<endl;

}

 

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/noip/p/9516985.html