手工热备份脚本

 
热备的步骤：
alter database/tablespace XXX begin backup
cp files
alter database/tablespace XXX end backup
执行命令后，会在数据块拷贝完后写入新的scn号。
 
 
首先新建两个目录，分别为cold_bak和hot_bak，分别用作冷备份和热备份转储的位置。
[oracle@rtest oracle]$ cd bak
[oracle@rtest bak]$ mkdir cold_bak
[oracle@rtest bak]$ mkdir hot_bak
[oracle@rtest bak]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/bak
[oracle@rtest bak]$ ls
cold_bak  hot_bak
 
1、查看有哪些表空间，临时表空间不用备份。
sys@TEST0910> select tablespace_name,contents,status from dba_tablespaces;
SYSTEM                         PERMANENT ONLINE
SYSAUX                         PERMANENT ONLINE
UNDOTBS1                       UNDO      ONLINE
TEMP                           TEMPORARY ONLINE
USERS                          PERMANENT ONLINE
EXAMPLE                        PERMANENT ONLINE
TESTTBS                        PERMANENT ONLINE
sys@TEST0910> select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces where contents not like 'TEMP%'
  2  and status='ONLINE';
SYSTEM
SYSAUX
UNDOTBS1
USERS
EXAMPLE
TESTTBS
2、查看某个表空间下有哪些数据文件。
sys@TEST0910> select file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='USERS';
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf
3、编写存储过程，备份数据文件和控制文件，转储到新的位置。
sys@TEST0910> declare
  2          cursor cu_tablespace is
                select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces
                where contents not like 'TEMP%'  and status='ONLINE';
        cursor cu_datafile(name varchar2) is
                select file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name=name;
  7  begin
        for i in cu_tablespace loop
                dbms_output.put_line('alter tablespace '|| i.tablespace_name||' begin backup;');
10                  for j in cu_datafile(i.tablespace_name) loop
                        dbms_output.put_line('host cp '||j.file_name||' &bakdir');
                end loop;
                dbms_output.put_line('alter tablespace '|| i.tablespace_name||' end backup;');
14          end loop;
        dbms_output.put_line('alter database backup controlfile to trace;');
        dbms_output.put_line('alter database backup controlfile to ''&bakdir/control01.ctl'';');
end;
18  /
alter tablespace SYSTEM begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/system01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak
alter tablespace SYSTEM end backup;
alter tablespace SYSAUX begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/sysaux01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak
alter tablespace SYSAUX end backup;
alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/undotbs01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak
alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 end backup;
alter tablespace USERS begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak
alter tablespace USERS end backup;
alter tablespace EXAMPLE begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/example01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak
alter tablespace EXAMPLE end backup;
alter tablespace TESTTBS begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/testtb.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak
alter tablespace TESTTBS end backup;
alter database backup controlfile to trace;
alter database backup controlfile to '/u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak/control01.ctl';
  • 热备脚本：
set echo off trimspool off heading off feedback off verify off time off
set pagesize 0 linesize 200
define bakdir='/u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak'
define bakscp='/u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_cmd.sql'
set serveroutput on
spool &bakscp
prompt alter system switch logfile;;
declare
        cursor cu_tablespace is
                select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces
                where contents not like 'TEMP%'  and status='ONLINE';
        cursor cu_datafile(name varchar2) is
                select file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name=name;
begin
        for i in cu_tablespace loop
                dbms_output.put_line('alter tablespace '|| i.tablespace_name||' begin backup;');
                for j in cu_datafile(i.tablespace_name) loop
                        dbms_output.put_line('host cp '||j.file_name||' &bakdir');
                end loop;
                dbms_output.put_line('alter tablespace '|| i.tablespace_name||' end backup;');
        end loop;
        dbms_output.put_line('alter database backup controlfile to trace;');
        dbms_output.put_line('alter database backup controlfile to ''&bakdir/control01.ctl'';');
end;
/
spool off
@&bakscp
  • 执行脚本：
sys@TEST0910> @/u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak.sql
alter system switch logfile;
alter tablespace SYSTEM begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/system01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak
alter tablespace SYSTEM end backup;
alter tablespace SYSAUX begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/sysaux01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak
alter tablespace SYSAUX end backup;
alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/undotbs01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak
alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 end backup;
alter tablespace USERS begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak
alter tablespace USERS end backup;
alter tablespace EXAMPLE begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/example01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak
alter tablespace EXAMPLE end backup;
alter tablespace TESTTBS begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/testtb.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak
alter tablespace TESTTBS end backup;
alter database backup controlfile to trace;
alter database backup controlfile to '/u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak/control01.ctl';
 
 
 
 
系统位置查看：
[oracle@rtest bak]$ more hot_bak.sql
set echo off trimspool off heading off feedback off verify off time off
set pagesize 0 linesize 200
define bakdir='/u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak'
define bakscp='/u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_cmd.sql'
set serveroutput on
spool &bakscp
prompt alter system switch logfile;;
declare
        cursor cu_tablespace is
                select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces
                where contents not like 'TEMP%'  and status='ONLINE';
        cursor cu_datafile(name varchar2) is
                select file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name=name;
begin
        for i in cu_tablespace loop
                dbms_output.put_line('alter tablespace '|| i.tablespace_name||' begin backup;');
                for j in cu_datafile(i.tablespace_name) loop
                        dbms_output.put_line('host cp '||j.file_name||' &bakdir');
                end loop;
                dbms_output.put_line('alter tablespace '|| i.tablespace_name||' end backup;');
        end loop;
        dbms_output.put_line('alter database backup controlfile to trace;');
        dbms_output.put_line('alter database backup controlfile to ''&bakdir/control01.ctl'';');
end;
/
spool off
@&bakscp
[oracle@rtest bak]$ more hot_cmd.sql
alter system switch logfile;
alter tablespace SYSTEM begin backup;                                                                               
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/system01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak                                   
alter tablespace SYSTEM end backup;                                                                                 
alter tablespace SYSAUX begin backup;                                                                               
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/sysaux01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak                                   
alter tablespace SYSAUX end backup;                                                                                 
alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 begin backup;                                                                             
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/undotbs01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak                                  
alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 end backup;                                                                               
alter tablespace USERS begin backup;                                                                                
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak                                    
alter tablespace USERS end backup;                                                                                  
alter tablespace EXAMPLE begin backup;                                                                              
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/example01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak                                  
alter tablespace EXAMPLE end backup;                                                                                
alter tablespace TESTTBS begin backup;                                                                              
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/testtb.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak                                     
alter tablespace TESTTBS end backup;                                                                                
alter database backup controlfile to trace;                                                                         
alter database backup controlfile to '/u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak/control01.ctl';                                   
[oracle@rtest bak]$ ls
cold_bak  cold_bak.sql  cold_cmd.sql  hot_bak  hot_bak.sql  hot_cmd.sql
[oracle@rtest bak]$ cd hot_bak
[oracle@rtest hot_bak]$ ls
control01.ctl  example01.dbf  sysaux01.dbf  system01.dbf  testtb.dbf  undotbs01.dbf  users01.dbf
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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/hzcya1995/p/13317220.html