hive的安装和配置

2. 配置过程

2.1. 解压文件配置环境变量

解压文件

$ tar -xzvf hive-x.y.z.tar.gz

配置环境变量

export HIVE_HOME={{pwd}}
export PATH=$HIVE_HOME/bin:$PATH

将mysql的JDBC包放到hive的lib文件夹中。注意是.jar文件

2.2. 配置hive-env.sh

HADOOP_HOME=/opt/modules/hadoop-3.0.3
export HIVE_CONF_DIR=/opt/modules/hive-3.0.0-bin

2.3. 配置hive-site.xml

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name>
        <value>false</value>
    </property>

    <property>
        <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
        <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hive.exec.mode.local.auto</name>
        <value>false</value>
        <description> Let Hive determine whether to run in local mode automatically <
/description>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hive.metastore.uris</name>
        <value>thrift://spark.bigdata.com:9083</value>
        <description>Thrift URI for the remote metastore. Used by metastore client to
 connect to remote metastore.</description>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
        <value>jdbc:mysql://spark.bigdata.com:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true
</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
        <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
        <value>hive</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
        <value>hivemysql</value>
    </property>
    <!-- 显示表的列名 -->
    <property>
      <name>hive.cli.print.header</name>
      <value>true</value>
    </property>

    <!-- 显示数据库名称 -->
    <property>
      <name>hive.cli.print.current.db</name>
      <value>true</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

2.4. 初始化hive

使用schematool初始化

schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema

此处会出现第一个问题：直接修改hive-default.xml，配置未生效，可以看下面的LOG，我已经将hive-default.xml中的hiveuser改为了hive，URL，Driver也做了相应的修改，可是执行schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema进行初始化的时候，还是使用了默认的URL，Driver和user APP。所以此处需要将hive-default.xml改为hive-site.xml，执行初始化成功，但在hive官网上没有明确说明（或者是我没理解透）。

[hadoop@spark conf]$ schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/modules/hive-3.0.0-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.10.0.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/modules/hadoop-3.0.3/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.25.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]
Metastore connection URL:    jdbc:derby:;databaseName=metastore_db;create=true
Metastore Connection Driver :    org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver
Metastore connection User:   APP
Starting metastore schema initialization to 3.0.0
Initialization script hive-schema-3.0.0.mysql.sql


Error: Syntax error: Encountered "<EOF>" at line 1, column 64. (state=42X01,code=30000)
org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaException: Schema initialization FAILED! Metastore state would be inconsistent !!
Underlying cause: java.io.IOException : Schema script failed, errorcode 2
Use --verbose for detailed stacktrace.
*** schemaTool failed ***

(可选)在mysql中进行metastore初始化
这一步不太确定是否一定需要，可以先跳过，后面发现有问题的话再执行这一句。

mysql> source /opt/modules/hive-3.0.0-bin/scripts/metastore/upgrade/mysql/hive-schema-3.0.0.mysql.sql

启动hive的metastore服务
这一步在官网上完全没有找到，但是没有这一步的话就会一直报错FAILED: HiveException java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient。

[hadoop@spark bin]$ ./hive --service metastore &

最后进入hive，执行show databases;测试