springaop---->springaop的使用(一)

  与大多数技术一样, AOP 已经形成了自己的术语。描述切面的常用术语有通知(advice)、切点(pointcut)和连接点(join point)。从今天开始,我们对spring的切面编程做一个总结。她们都是你漫漫长路上,只配错过的好姑娘。

spring中的aop

spring的切面可以应用以下的5种类型的通知:

  • 前置通知(Before):在目标方法被调用之前调用通知功能;
  • 后置通知(After):在目标方法完成之后调用通知,此时不会关心方法的输出是什么;
  • 返回通知(After-returning):在目标方法成功执行之后调用通知;
  • 异常通知(After-throwing):在目标方法抛出异常后调用通知;
  • 环绕通知(Around):通知包裹了被通知的方法,在被通知的方法调用之前和调用之后执行自定义的行为。

对于spring中aop的支持,主要分为@AspectJ 注解驱动的切面和基于xml的spring的配置。以下我们对这两种配置做一个简单的了解。测试的代码目录如下:

以后可能对于spring的关于aop学习,这个目录可能会添加代码。application-xml.xml是学习xml配置的,application-aop.xml是学习@Aspectj注解配置的。

springaop的xml配置方式

 一、我们的application-xml.xml文件内容如下:

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <bean id="myService" class="com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService3"/>
    <bean id="myAspect" class="com.linux.huhx.aspect.XmlUserfulAspect"/>

    <aop:config>
        <aop:aspect id="xmlAspect1" ref="myAspect">
            <aop:pointcut id="businessService" expression="execution(* com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService3.*())"/>

            <aop:before method="beforeExecute" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
            <aop:after method="afterExecute" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
        </aop:aspect>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

 二、我们的切面类XmlUserfulAspect如下:

package com.linux.huhx.aspect;

/**
 * @Author: huhx
 * @Date: 2017-12-15 下午 12:31
 * @Desc: 切面类
 */
public class XmlUserfulAspect {

    public void beforeExecute() {
        System.out.println("before execute.");
    }

    public void afterExecute() {
        System.out.println("after execute.");
    }
}

三、我们简单的定义一个应用切面的服务类

package com.linux.huhx.business.service;

/**
 * @Author: huhx
 * @Date: 2017-12-15 下午 12:28
 */
public class MyAspectService3 {

    public void serviceMethod() {
        System.out.println("my aspect service1 method.");
    }
}

四、在main的类中我们对上述的切面进行测试

package com.linux.huhx.main;

import com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService3;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * @Author: huhx
 * @Date: 2017-12-15 下午 12:32
 * @Desc: 基于xml配置的aop测试主体类
 */
public class XmlServiceMain {
    private ApplicationContext context = null;

    @Before
    public void initApplicationContext() {
        context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application-xml.xml");
    }

    @Test
    public void aspectServiceTest_1() {
        MyAspectService3 myAspectService1 = context.getBean("myService", MyAspectService3.class);
        myAspectService1.serviceMethod();
    }
}

打印的结果如下:

before execute.
my aspect service1 method.
after execute.

springaop中关于注解的方式

  这里面设计的代码比较多,主要是为了测试不同的知识点。这里全部贴出代码,后续再做整理。后续我们对这两种的配置方式做一个比较细致的过程讲解。使用aspectj,我们需要在pom.xml文件中添加依赖:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
    <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
    <version>1.8.11</version>
</dependency>

一、application-aop.xml的文件内容如下

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>

    <bean id="myService1" class="com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService1"/>
    <bean id="myService2" class="com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService2"/>

    <!--declare an aspect-->
    <bean id="myAspect" class="com.linux.huhx.aspect.NotVeryUsefulAspect"/>
    <bean id="myAspect1" class="com.linux.huhx.aspect.LittleUserfulAspect"/>
</beans>

二、两个测试切面的服务类如下:

  • MyAspectService1:这里面主要测试切面的5种类型的通知。
package com.linux.huhx.business.service;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

/**
 * @Author: huhx
 * @Date: 2017-12-15 上午 10:08
 * @Desc: 一个简单的测试aspect的实类
 */
public class MyAspectService1 {

    public void serviceMethod() {
        System.out.println("myaspect service1 method.");
    }

    public String returnServiceMethod() {
        return "return huhx.";
    }

    public String throwExceptionMethod() {
        System.out.println("throw exception method.");
        try {
            throw new FileNotFoundException("not found class.");
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "hello world";
    }

    public String aroundServiceMethod1() {
        System.out.println("around service method.");
        return "huhx";
    }
}
  • MyAspectService2.java:这里面测试切面传递参数。
package com.linux.huhx.business.service;

import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @Author: huhx
 * @Date: 2017-12-15 上午 11:17
 */
public class MyAspectService2 {

    public void serviceMethod_1(Map<String, String> map) {
        System.out.println("service method." + map);
    }
}

三、两个切面的类如下

  • NotVeryUsefulAspect:是针对于上述的MyAspectService1类的,为了测试5种通知类型。
package com.linux.huhx.aspect;

import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;

/**
 * @Author: huhx
 * @Date: 2017-12-15 上午 9:51
 * @Desc: 定义一个aspect
 */

@Aspect
public class NotVeryUsefulAspect {
    private static final String pointCutString = "execution(* com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService1.*())";

    @Before(pointCutString)
    public void beforeExecute() {
        System.out.println("before advice.");
    }

    @After(pointCutString)
    public void afterExecute() {
        System.out.println("after advice.");
    }

    @AfterReturning(value = pointCutString, returning = "retVal")
    public void afterReturingExecute1(String retVal) {
        System.out.println("after throwing " + retVal);
    }

    @AfterThrowing(value = pointCutString, throwing = "exception")
    public void afterThrowingExecute1(Throwable exception) {
        System.out.println("throwing in advice show message: " + exception.getMessage());
    }

    @Around(value = pointCutString)
    public void arundExecute1(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable{
        System.out.println("before around.");
        System.out.println(pjp.proceed());
        System.out.println("after around.");
    }
}
  • LittleUserfulAspect:是对应于MyAspectService2类的,为了测试切面中参数的传递。
package com.linux.huhx.aspect;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;

import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @Author: huhx
 * @Date: 2017-12-15 上午 11:16
 * @Desc: 定义一个切面
 */
@Aspect
public class LittleUserfulAspect {

    @Pointcut("execution(* com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService2.*(..)) && args(map,..)")
    public void anyMethod(Map<String, String> map) {}

    @Before(value = "anyMethod(map)")
    public void beforeExecute(Map map) {
        System.out.println("before execute." + map);
    }
}

四、我们的测试主体类ServiceMain

package com.linux.huhx.main;

import com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService1;
import com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService2;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @Author: huhx
 * @Date: 2017-12-15 上午 10:13
 * @Desc: 测试的main类
 */
public class ServiceMain {
    private ApplicationContext context = null;

    @Before
    public void initApplicationContext() {
        context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application-aop.xml");
    }

    @Test
    public void aspectServiceTest_1() {
        MyAspectService1 myAspectService1 = context.getBean("myService1", MyAspectService1.class);
        myAspectService1.serviceMethod();
    }

    @Test
    public void aspectServiceTest_2() {
        MyAspectService1 myAspectService1 = context.getBean("myService1", MyAspectService1.class);
        myAspectService1.returnServiceMethod();
    }

    @Test
    public void aspectServiceTest_3() {
        MyAspectService1 myAspectService1 = context.getBean("myService1", MyAspectService1.class);
        myAspectService1.throwExceptionMethod();
    }

    @Test
    public void aspectServiceTest_4() {
        MyAspectService1 myAspectService1 = context.getBean("myService1", MyAspectService1.class);
        myAspectService1.aroundServiceMethod1();
    }

    /* 其它的切面实现类 */
    @Test
    public void aspectServiceTest_5() {
        MyAspectService2 myAspectService2 = context.getBean("myService2", MyAspectService2.class);
        Map<String, String> dataMap = new HashMap<>();
        dataMap.put("username", "linux");
        dataMap.put("password", "12345");
        myAspectService2.serviceMethod_1(dataMap);
    }
}

友情链接

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/huhx/p/baseusespringaop1.html