安装使用rspec

一，安装ruby。

二，运行命令，安装rspec的gem包：

gem install rspec

　　会看到如下的结果：

Fetching: rspec-core-2.14.7.gem (100%)
Fetching: diff-lcs-1.2.5.gem (100%)
Fetching: rspec-expectations-2.14.5.gem (100%)
Fetching: rspec-mocks-2.14.6.gem (100%)
Fetching: rspec-2.14.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed rspec-core-2.14.7
Successfully installed diff-lcs-1.2.5
Successfully installed rspec-expectations-2.14.5
Successfully installed rspec-mocks-2.14.6
Successfully installed rspec-2.14.1
5 gems installed

三，在纯ruby环境中使用rspec。

1，新建一个文件夹，随意命名为my_test。

2，在my_test下新建一个lib文件夹，lib文件夹下新建一个rb文件，例如bowling.rb。

3，在my_test下新建一个测试文件，命名为bowling_spec.rb，文件名一定要以_spec结尾。

4，在bowling.rb中写入如下代码：

# bowling.rb
class Bowling
  def hit(pins)
  end

  def score
    0
  end
end

5，在为bowling_spec.rb中写入如下测试代码：

# bowling_spec.rb
require 'bowling'

describe Bowling, "#score" do
  it "returns 0 for all gutter game" do
    bowling = Bowling.new
    20.times { bowling.hit(0) }
    bowling.score.should eq(0)
  end
end

6，运行命令，进行测试：

$ rspec bowling_spec.rb --format nested

Bowling#score
  returns 0 for all gutter game

Finished in 0.007534 seconds

1 example, 0 failures

四，rails中使用rspec。

1，安装gem包，运行命令：

gem install rspec-rails

会看到如下的结果：

Fetching: i18n-0.6.9.gem (100%)
Fetching: minitest-4.7.5.gem (100%)
Fetching: atomic-1.1.14.gem (100%)
Temporarily enhancing PATH to include DevKit...
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
Fetching: thread_safe-0.1.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: activesupport-4.0.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: builder-3.1.4.gem (100%)
Fetching: rack-1.5.2.gem (100%)
Fetching: actionpack-4.0.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: rspec-rails-2.14.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed i18n-0.6.9
Successfully installed minitest-4.7.5
Successfully installed atomic-1.1.14
Successfully installed thread_safe-0.1.3
Successfully installed activesupport-4.0.3
Successfully installed builder-3.1.4
Successfully installed rack-1.5.2
Successfully installed actionpack-4.0.3
Successfully installed rspec-rails-2.14.1
9 gems installed

2，创建一个rails工程，进入工程目录，执行如下命令：

rails generate rspec:install

如果提示:Could not find generator rspec:install.

请看http://www.nujk.com/could-not-find-generator-rspec-install

这个时候，就会创建了spec的文件夹。

3，使用脚手架新建一个model文件：

rails generate model bowling

会看到如下执行结果：

invoke active_record
create db/migrate/20140224132433_create_bowlings.rb
create app/models/bowling.rb
invoke rspec
create spec/models/bowling_spec.rb

　这个时候会发现，自动为bowlings.rb创建了对应的spec/models/bowling_spec.rb文件。

4，在bowlings.rb中添加一个方法：

class Bowling < ActiveRecord::Base
# attr_accessible :title, :body
    def self.my_function()
        return "this is function for test rspec"
    end
end

5，在spec/models/bowling_spec.rb文件中为新加的方法写一个测试例子：

require 'spec_helper'

describe Bowling do
    #pending "add some examples to (or delete) #{__FILE__}"
    it "shoud execute my_function" do
        Bowling.my_function().should == "this is function for test rspec"
    end
end

6，执行rspec测试

在rails工程目录下，执行：

rspec .specmodelsowling_spec.rb

这个时候会打印：

Finished in 0.02 seconds
1 example, 0 failures

Randomized with seed 13492

结束:

以上仅仅是最基本的rspec安装步骤。对于rspec的详细请参见https://github.com/rspec/rspec-rails