本文利用MongoDB官方发布的C#驱动，封装了对MongoDB数据库的增删改查访问方法。
先用官方提供的mongo-csharp-driver ,当前版本为1.7.0.4714
编写数据库访问帮助类 MongoDbHelper.cs
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using MongoDB.Bson; using MongoDB.Driver; using MongoDB.Driver.Builders; using MongoDbTest.Models; namespace MongoDbTest { /// <summary> /// MongoDB帮助类 /// </summary> internal static class MongoDbHelper { /// <summary> /// 获取数据库实例对象 /// </summary> /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> /// <returns>数据库实例对象</returns> private static MongoDatabase GetDatabase(string connectionString, string dbName) { //创建数据库链接 var server = new MongoClient(connectionString).GetServer(); //获得数据库实例对象 return server.GetDatabase(dbName); } /// <summary> /// 插入一条记录 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T">数据类型</typeparam> /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> /// <param name="collectionName">集合名称</param> /// <param name="model">数据对象</param> public static void Insert<T>(string connectionString, string dbName, string collectionName, T model) where T : EntityBase { if (model == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("model", "待插入数据不能为空"); } var db = GetDatabase(connectionString, dbName); var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName); collection.Insert(model); } /// <summary> /// 更新数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> /// <param name="collectionName">集合名称</param> /// <param name="query">查询条件</param> /// <param name="dictUpdate">更新字段</param> public static void Update(string connectionString, string dbName, string collectionName, IMongoQuery query, Dictionary<string, BsonValue> dictUpdate) { var db = GetDatabase(connectionString, dbName); var collection = db.GetCollection(collectionName); var update = new UpdateBuilder(); if (dictUpdate != null && dictUpdate.Count > 0) { foreach (var item in dictUpdate) { update.Set(item.Key, item.Value); } } var d = collection.Update(query, update, UpdateFlags.Multi); } /// <summary> /// 根据ID获取数据对象 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T">数据类型</typeparam> /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> /// <param name="collectionName">集合名称</param> /// <param name="id">ID</param> /// <returns>数据对象</returns> public static T GetById<T>(string connectionString, string dbName, string collectionName, ObjectId id) where T : EntityBase { var db = GetDatabase(connectionString, dbName); var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName); return collection.FindOneById(id); } /// <summary> /// 根据查询条件获取一条数据 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T">数据类型</typeparam> /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> /// <param name="collectionName">集合名称</param> /// <param name="query">查询条件</param> /// <returns>数据对象</returns> public static T GetOneByCondition<T>(string connectionString, string dbName, string collectionName, IMongoQuery query) where T : EntityBase { var db = GetDatabase(connectionString, dbName); var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName); return collection.FindOne(query); } /// <summary> /// 根据查询条件获取多条数据 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T">数据类型</typeparam> /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> /// <param name="collectionName">集合名称</param> /// <param name="query">查询条件</param> /// <returns>数据对象集合</returns> public static List<T> GetManyByCondition<T>(string connectionString, string dbName, string collectionName, IMongoQuery query) where T : EntityBase { var db = GetDatabase(connectionString, dbName); var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName); return collection.Find(query).ToList(); } /// <summary> /// 根据集合中的所有数据 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T">数据类型</typeparam> /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> /// <param name="collectionName">集合名称</param> /// <returns>数据对象集合</returns> public static List<T> GetAll<T>(string connectionString, string dbName, string collectionName) where T : EntityBase { var db = GetDatabase(connectionString, dbName); var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName); return collection.FindAll().ToList(); } /// <summary> /// 删除集合中符合条件的数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> /// <param name="collectionName">集合名称</param> /// <param name="query">查询条件</param> public static void DeleteByCondition(string connectionString, string dbName, string collectionName, IMongoQuery query) { var db = GetDatabase(connectionString, dbName); var collection = db.GetCollection(collectionName); collection.Remove(query); } /// <summary> /// 删除集合中的所有数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> /// <param name="collectionName">集合名称</param> public static void DeleteAll(string connectionString, string dbName, string collectionName) { var db = GetDatabase(connectionString, dbName); var collection = db.GetCollection(collectionName); collection.RemoveAll(); } } }
数据库配置参数 DbConfigParams.cs
using System.Configuration; namespace MongoDbTest { /// <summary> /// 数据库配置参数 /// </summary> internal static class DbConfigParams { private static string _conntionString = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["MongoDBConn"]; /// <summary> /// 获取数据库连接串 /// </summary> public static string ConntionString { get { return _conntionString; } } private static string _dbName = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["MongoDBName"]; /// <summary> /// 获取数据库名称 /// </summary> public static string DbName { get { return _dbName; } } } }
将集合名称写到C#代码中作为字符串常量 CollectionNames.cs
namespace MongoDbTest { /// <summary> /// 将集合名称写到C#代码中作为字符串常量 /// </summary> public class CollectionNames { public const string User = "User"; public const string Role = "Role"; } }
在配置文件中编写数据库连接串和数据库名称 App.config
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration> <appSettings> <!--MongoDB数据库连接串--> <add key="MongoDBConn" value="mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017"/> <!--MongoDB数据库名称--> <add key="MongoDBName" value="RsdfDb"/> </appSettings> </configuration>
编写实体基类，其中含有默认的Id EntityBase.cs
using MongoDB.Bson.Serialization.Attributes; using MongoDB.Bson; namespace MongoDbTest.Models { /// <summary> /// 实体基类 /// </summary> public class EntityBase { /// <summary> /// 主键 /// </summary> [BsonId] public ObjectId Id { get; set; } } }
其中，State枚举类定义如下： State.cs
namespace MongoDbTest.Models { public enum State { /// <summary> /// 正常 /// </summary> Normal = 1, /// <summary> /// 未使用 /// </summary> Unused = 2, } }
编写实体类 User.cs
namespace MongoDbTest.Models { public class User : EntityBase { public string UserName { get; set; } public int Age { get; set; } public State State { get; set; } } }
编写测试类
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using MongoDB.Bson; using MongoDB.Driver.Builders; using MongoDbTest.Models; namespace MongoDbTest { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Console.Title = "Mongo DB Test"; //InsertTest(); //QueryTest(); //UpdateTest(); DeleteTest(); Console.WriteLine("Finish!"); Console.ReadLine(); } /// <summary> /// 插入数据测试 /// </summary> static void InsertTest() { var random = new Random(); for (var i = 1; i <= 10; i++) { var item = new User() { UserName = "我的名字" + i, Age = random.Next(25, 30), State = i % 2 == 0 ? State.Normal : State.Unused }; MongoDbHelper.Insert(DbConfigParams.ConntionString, DbConfigParams.DbName, CollectionNames.User, item); } } /// <summary> /// 查询测试 /// </summary> static void QueryTest() { var queryBuilder = new QueryBuilder<User>(); var query = queryBuilder.GTE(x => x.Age, 27); var ltModel = MongoDbHelper.GetManyByCondition<User>(DbConfigParams.ConntionString, DbConfigParams.DbName, CollectionNames.User, query); if (ltModel != null && ltModel.Count > 0) { foreach (var item in ltModel) { Console.WriteLine("姓名：{0}，年龄：{1}，状态：{2}", item.UserName, item.Age, GetStateDesc(item.State)); } } } /// <summary> /// 更新测试 /// </summary> static void UpdateTest() { var queryBuilder = new QueryBuilder<User>(); var query = queryBuilder.GTE(x => x.Age, 27); var dictUpdate = new Dictionary<string, BsonValue>(); dictUpdate["State"] = State.Unused; MongoDbHelper.Update(DbConfigParams.ConntionString, DbConfigParams.DbName, CollectionNames.User, query, dictUpdate); } /// <summary> /// 删除测试 /// </summary> static void DeleteTest() { var queryBuilder = new QueryBuilder<User>(); var query = queryBuilder.GTE(x => x.Age, 28); MongoDbHelper.DeleteByCondition(DbConfigParams.ConntionString, DbConfigParams.DbName, CollectionNames.User, query); } /// <summary> /// 获取状态描述 /// </summary> /// <param name="state">状态</param> /// <returns>状态描述</returns> static string GetStateDesc(State state) { string result = string.Empty; switch (state) { case State.Normal: result = "正常"; break; case State.Unused: result = "未使用"; break; default: throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("state"); } return result; } } }
测试结果：
