1.补位：
MD5算法先对输入的数据进行补位，使得数据位长度LEN对512求余的结果是448。即数据扩展至K*512+448位。即K*64+56个字节，K为整数。
具体补位操作：补一个1，然后补0至满足上述要求。
2.补数据长度：
用一个64位的数字表示数据的原始长度B，把B用两个32位数表示。这时，数
据就被填补成长度为512位的倍数。
3.初始化MD5参数：
四个32位整数 (A,B,C,D) 用来计算信息摘要，初始化使用的是十六进制表
示的数字
A=0X01234567
B=0X89abcdef
C=0Xfedcba98
D=0X76543210
4.处理位操作函数：
X，Y，Z为32位整数。
F(X,Y,Z) = X&Y|NOT(X)&Z
G(X,Y,Z) = X&Z|Y?(Z)
H(X,Y,Z) = X xor Y xor Z
I(X,Y,Z) = Y xor (X|not(Z))
5.主要变换过程：
使用常数组T[1 ... 64]， T[i]为32位整数用16进制表示，数据用16个32位
的整数数组M[]表示。
具体过程如下：
/* 处理数据原文 */
For i = 0 to N/16-1 do
/*每一次，把数据原文存放在16个元素的数组X中. */
For j = 0 to 15 do
Set X[j] to M[i*16+j].
end /结束对J的循环
/* Save A as AA, B as BB, C as CC, and D as DD.
*/
AA = A
BB = B
CC = C
DD = D
/* 第1轮*/
/* 以 [abcd k s i]表示如下操作
a = b + ((a + F(b,c,d) + X[k] + T[i]) <<< s). */
/* Do the following 16 operations. */
[ABCD 0 7 1] [DABC 1 12 2] [CDAB 2 17 3] [BCDA 3
22 4]
[ABCD 4 7 5] [DABC 5 12 6] [CDAB 6 17 7] [BCDA 7
22 8]
[ABCD 8 7 9] [DABC 9 12 10] [CDAB 10 17 11] [BCDA
11 22 12]
[ABCD 12 7 13] [DABC 13 12 14] [CDAB 14 17 15]
[BCDA 15 22 16]
/* 第2轮* */
/* 以 [abcd k s i]表示如下操作
a = b + ((a + G(b,c,d) + X[k] + T[i]) <<< s). */
/* Do the following 16 operations. */
[ABCD 1 5 17] [DABC 6 9 18] [CDAB 11 14 19] [BCDA
0 20 20]
[ABCD 5 5 21] [DABC 10 9 22] [CDAB 15 14 23]
[BCDA 4 20 24]
[ABCD 9 5 25] [DABC 14 9 26] [CDAB 3 14 27] [BCDA
8 20 28]
[ABCD 13 5 29] [DABC 2 9 30] [CDAB 7 14 31] [BCDA
12 20 32]
/* 第3轮*/
/* 以 [abcd k s i]表示如下操作
a = b + ((a + H(b,c,d) + X[k] + T[i]) <<< s). */
/* Do the following 16 operations. */
[ABCD 5 4 33] [DABC 8 11 34] [CDAB 11 16 35]
[BCDA 14 23 36]
[ABCD 1 4 37] [DABC 4 11 38] [CDAB 7 16 39] [BCDA
10 23 40]
[ABCD 13 4 41] [DABC 0 11 42] [CDAB 3 16 43]
[BCDA 6 23 44]
[ABCD 9 4 45] [DABC 12 11 46] [CDAB 15 16 47]
[BCDA 2 23 48]
/* 第4轮*/
/* 以 [abcd k s i]表示如下操作
a = b + ((a + I(b,c,d) + X[k] + T[i]) <<< s). */
/* Do the following 16 operations. */
[ABCD 0 6 49] [DABC 7 10 50] [CDAB 14 15 51]
[BCDA 5 21 52]
[ABCD 12 6 53] [DABC 3 10 54] [CDAB 10 15 55]
[BCDA 1 21 56]
[ABCD 8 6 57] [DABC 15 10 58] [CDAB 6 15 59]
[BCDA 13 21 60]
[ABCD 4 6 61] [DABC 11 10 62] [CDAB 2 15 63]
[BCDA 9 21 64]
/* 然后进行如下操作 */
A = A + AA
B = B + BB
C = C + CC
D = D + DD
end /* 结束对I的循环*/
6.输出结果。
下面附用C++编写的MD5加密算法例子代码（仅供交流）：
HPP文件：
#ifndef _MD5_H_ #define _MD5_H_ char* MD5String( char* string ); bool MD5Check( char *md5string, char* string ); #endif //_MD5_H_ ---------------------------------------------------------
CPP文件
#include "stdafx.h" #include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<string.h> #include<math.h> #include<ctype.h> #include "md5.h" 
/* POINTER defines a generic pointer type */ 
typedef unsigned char *POINTER; /* UINT2 defines a two byte word */ typedef unsigned short int UINT2; /* UINT4 defines a four byte word */ typedef unsigned long int UINT4; #define PROTO_LIST(list) list /* MD5 context. */ typedef struct _MD5_CTX { 
UINT4 state[4]; /* state (ABCD) */ 
UINT4 state[UINT4 count[2]; /* number of bits, modulo 2^64 (lsb first) */ unsigned char buffer[64]; /* input buffer */ 
} MD5_CTX; /* Constants for MD5Transform routine. */ #define S11 7 #define S12 12 #define S13 17 #define S14 22 #define S21 5 #define S22 9 #define S23 14 #define S24 20 #define S31 4 #define S32 11 #define S33 16 #define S34 23 #define S41 6 #define S42 10 #define S43 15 #define S44 21 static unsigned char PADDING[64] = { 
0x80, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }; /* F, G, H and I are basic MD5 functions. */ #define F(x, y, z) (((x) & (y)) | ((~x) & (z))) #define G(x, y, z) (((x) & (z)) | ((y) & (~z))) #define H(x, y, z) ((x) ^ (y) ^ (z)) #define I(x, y, z) ((y) ^ ((x) | (~z))) /* ROTATE_LEFT rotates x left n bits. */ #define ROTATE_LEFT(x, n) (((x) << (n)) | ((x) >> (32-(n)))) /* FF, GG, HH, and II transformations for rounds 1, 2, 3, and 4. Rotation is separate from addition to prevent recomputation. */ #define FF(a, b, c, d, x, s, ac) { \ (a) += F ((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + (UINT4)(ac);\ (a) = ROTATE_LEFT ((a), (s)); \ (a) += (b); \ } #define GG(a, b, c, d, x, s, ac) { \ (a) += G ((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + (UINT4)(ac); \ (a) = ROTATE_LEFT ((a), (s)); \ (a) += (b); \ } #define HH(a, b, c, d, x, s, ac) { \ (a) += H ((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + (UINT4)(ac); \ (a) = ROTATE_LEFT ((a), (s)); \ (a) += (b); \ } #define II(a, b, c, d, x, s, ac) { \ (a) += I ((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + (UINT4)(ac); \ (a) = ROTATE_LEFT ((a), (s)); \ (a) += (b); \ } #define TEST_BLOCK_LEN 1000 #define TEST_BLOCK_COUNT 1000 static void MD5Transform PROTO_LIST ((UINT4 [4], unsigned char [64])); static void Encode PROTO_LIST ((unsigned char *, UINT4 *, unsigned int)); static void Decode PROTO_LIST ((UINT4 *, unsigned char *, unsigned int)); static void MD5_memcpy PROTO_LIST ((POINTER, POINTER, unsigned int)); static void MD5_memset PROTO_LIST ((POINTER, int, unsigned int)); static void MD5Init PROTO_LIST ((MD5_CTX *)); static void MD5Update PROTO_LIST ((MD5_CTX *, unsigned char *, unsigned int)); static void MD5Final PROTO_LIST ((unsigned char [16], MD5_CTX *)); static void MDTimeTrial PROTO_LIST ((void)); static void StringAddOne PROTO_LIST ((char *)); static void Encode PROTO_LIST ((unsigned char *, UINT4 *, unsigned int)); static void Decode PROTO_LIST ((UINT4 *, unsigned char *, unsigned int)); /* MD5 initialization. Begins an MD5 operation, writing a new context. */ static void MD5Init( MD5_CTX *context ) { context->count[0] = context->count[1] = 0; /* Load magic initialization constants. 
*/ context->state[0] = 0x67452301; context->state[1] = 0xefcdab89; context->state[2] = 0x98badcfe; context->state[3] = 0x10325476; } /* MD5 block update operation. Continues an MD5 message-digest operation, processing another message block, and updating the context. */ static void MD5Update( MD5_CTX *context, /* context */ unsigned char *input, /* input block */ unsigned int inputLen /* length of input block */ ) { unsigned int i, index, partLen; /* Compute number of bytes mod 64 */ index = (unsigned int)((context->count[0] >> 3) & 0x3F); /* Update number of bits */ if ((context->count[0] += ((UINT4)inputLen << 3)) < ((UINT4)inputLen << 3)) context->count[1]++; context->count[1] += ((UINT4)inputLen >> 29); partLen = 64 - index; /* Transform as many times as possible. */ if (inputLen >= partLen) { MD5_memcpy ((POINTER)&context->buffer[index], (POINTER)input, partLen); MD5Transform (context->state, context->buffer); for (i = partLen; i + 63 < inputLen; i += 64) MD5Transform (context->state, &input[i]); index = 0; } else i = 0; /* Buffer remaining input */ MD5_memcpy ((POINTER)&context->buffer[index], (POINTER)&input[i], inputLen-i); } /* MD5 finalization. Ends an MD5 message-digest operation, writing the the message digest and zeroizing the context. */ static void MD5Final( unsigned char digest[16], /* message digest */ MD5_CTX *context /* context */ ) { unsigned char bits[8]; unsigned int index, padLen; /* Save number of bits */ Encode (bits, context->count, 8); /* Pad out to 56 mod 64. */ index = (unsigned int)((context->count[0] >> 3) & 0x3f); padLen = (index < 56) ? (56 - index) : (120 - index); MD5Update (context, PADDING, padLen); /* Append length (before padding) */ MD5Update (context, bits, 8); /* Store state in digest */ Encode (digest, context->state, 16); /* Zeroize sensitive information. */ MD5_memset ((POINTER)context, 0, sizeof (*context)); } /* MD5 basic transformation. Transforms state based on block. */ static void MD5Transform( UINT4 state[4], unsigned char block[64] ) { UINT4 a = state[0], b = state[1], c = state[2], d = state[3], x[16]; Decode (x, block, 64); /* Round 1 */ FF (a, b, c, d, x[ 0], S11, 0xd76aa478); /* 1 */ FF (d, a, b, c, x[ 1], S12, 0xe8c7b756); /* 2 */ FF (c, d, a, b, x[ 2], S13, 0x242070db); /* 3 */ FF (b, c, d, a, x[ 3], S14, 0xc1bdceee); /* 4 */ FF (a, b, c, d, x[ 4], S11, 0xf57c0faf); /* 5 */ FF (d, a, b, c, x[ 5], S12, 0x4787c62a); /* 6 */ FF (c, d, a, b, x[ 6], S13, 0xa8304613); /* 7 */ FF (b, c, d, a, x[ 7], S14, 0xfd469501); /* 8 */ FF (a, b, c, d, x[ 8], S11, 0x698098d8); /* 9 */ FF (d, a, b, c, x[ 9], S12, 0x8b44f7af); /* 10 */ FF (c, d, a, b, x[10], S13, 0xffff5bb1); /* 11 */ FF (b, c, d, a, x[11], S14, 0x895cd7be); /* 12 */ FF (a, b, c, d, x[12], S11, 0x6b901122); /* 13 */ FF (d, a, b, c, x[13], S12, 0xfd987193); /* 14 */ FF (c, d, a, b, x[14], S13, 0xa679438e); /* 15 */ FF (b, c, d, a, x[15], S14, 0x49b40821); /* 16 */ /* Round 2 */ GG (a, b, c, d, x[ 1], S21, 0xf61e2562); /* 17 */ GG (d, a, b, c, x[ 6], S22, 0xc040b340); /* 18 */ GG (c, d, a, b, x[11], S23, 0x265e5a51); /* 19 */ GG (b, c, d, a, x[ 0], S24, 0xe9b6c7aa); /* 20 */ GG (a, b, c, d, x[ 5], S21, 0xd62f105d); /* 21 */ GG (d, a, b, c, x[10], S22, 0x2441453); /* 22 */ GG (c, d, a, b, x[15], S23, 0xd8a1e681); /* 23 */ GG (b, c, d, a, x[ 4], S24, 0xe7d3fbc8); /* 24 */ GG (a, b, c, d, x[ 9], S21, 0x21e1cde6); /* 25 */ GG (d, a, b, c, x[14], S22, 0xc33707d6); /* 26 */ GG (c, d, a, b, x[ 3], S23, 0xf4d50d87); /* 27 */ GG (b, c, d, a, x[ 8], S24, 0x455a14ed); /* 28 */ GG (a, b, c, d, x[13], S21, 0xa9e3e905); /* 29 */ GG (d, a, b, c, x[ 2], S22, 0xfcefa3f8); /* 30 */ GG (c, d, a, b, x[ 7], S23, 0x676f02d9); /* 31 */ GG (b, c, d, a, x[12], S24, 0x8d2a4c8a); /* 32 */ /* Round 3 */ HH (a, b, c, d, x[ 5], S31, 0xfffa3942); /* 33 */ HH (d, a, b, c, x[ 8], S32, 0x8771f681); /* 34 */ HH (c, d, a, b, x[11], S33, 0x6d9d6122); /* 35 */ HH (b, c, d, a, x[14], S34, 0xfde5380c); /* 36 */ HH (a, b, c, d, x[ 1], S31, 0xa4beea44); /* 37 */ HH (d, a, b, c, x[ 4], S32, 0x4bdecfa9); /* 38 */ HH (c, d, a, b, x[ 7], S33, 0xf6bb4b60); /* 39 */ HH (b, c, d, a, x[10], S34, 0xbebfbc70); /* 40 */ HH (a, b, c, d, x[13], S31, 0x289b7ec6); /* 41 */ HH (d, a, b, c, x[ 0], S32, 0xeaa127fa); /* 42 */ HH (c, d, a, b, x[ 3], S33, 0xd4ef3085); /* 43 */ HH (b, c, d, a, x[ 6], S34, 0x4881d05); /* 44 */ HH (a, b, c, d, x[ 9], S31, 0xd9d4d039); /* 45 */ HH (d, a, b, c, x[12], S32, 0xe6db99e5); /* 46 */ HH (c, d, a, b, x[15], S33, 0x1fa27cf8); /* 47 */ HH (b, c, d, a, x[ 2], S34, 0xc4ac5665); /* 48 */ /* Round 4 */ II (a, b, c, d, x[ 0], S41, 0xf4292244); /* 49 */ II (d, a, b, c, x[ 7], S42, 0x432aff97); /* 50 */ II (c, d, a, b, x[14], S43, 0xab9423a7); /* 51 */ II (b, c, d, a, x[ 5], S44, 0xfc93a039); /* 52 */ II (a, b, c, d, x[12], S41, 0x655b59c3); /* 53 */ II (d, a, b, c, x[ 3], S42, 0x8f0ccc92); /* 54 */ II (c, d, a, b, x[10], S43, 0xffeff47d); /* 55 */ II (b, c, d, a, x[ 1], S44, 0x85845dd1); /* 56 */ II (a, b, c, d, x[ 8], S41, 0x6fa87e4f); /* 57 */ II (d, a, b, c, x[15], S42, 0xfe2ce6e0); /* 58 */ II (c, d, a, b, x[ 6], S43, 0xa3014314); /* 59 */ II (b, c, d, a, x[13], S44, 0x4e0811a1); /* 60 */ II (a, b, c, d, x[ 4], S41, 0xf7537e82); /* 61 */ II (d, a, b, c, x[11], S42, 0xbd3af235); /* 62 */ II (c, d, a, b, x[ 2], S43, 0x2ad7d2bb); /* 63 */ II (b, c, d, a, x[ 9], S44, 0xeb86d391); /* 64 */ state[0] += a; state[1] += b; state[2] += c; state[3] += d; /* Zeroize sensitive information. */ MD5_memset ((POINTER)x, 0, sizeof (x)); } /* Encodes input (UINT4) into output (unsigned char). Assumes len is a multiple of 4. */ static void Encode( unsigned char *output, UINT4 *input, unsigned int len ) { unsigned int i, j; for (i = 0, j = 0; j < len; i++, j += 4) { output[j] = (unsigned char)(input[i] & 0xff); output[j+1] = (unsigned char)((input[i] >> 8) & 0xff); output[j+2] = (unsigned char)((input[i] >> 16) & 0xff); output[j+3] = (unsigned char)((input[i] >> 24) & 0xff); } } /* Decodes input (unsigned char) into output (UINT4). Assumes len is a multiple of 4. */ static void Decode( UINT4 *output, unsigned char *input, unsigned int len ) { unsigned int i, j; for (i = 0, j = 0; j < len; i++, j += 4) output[i] = ((UINT4)input[j]) | (((UINT4)input[j+1]) << 8) | (((UINT4)input[j+2]) << 16) | (((UINT4)input[j+3]) << 24); } /* Note: Replace "for loop" with standard memcpy if possible. */ static void MD5_memcpy( POINTER output, POINTER input, unsigned int len ) { unsigned int i; for (i = 0; i < len; i++) output[i] = input[i]; } /* Note: Replace "for loop" with standard memset if possible. */ static void MD5_memset( POINTER output, int value, unsigned int len ) { unsigned int i; for (i = 0; i < len; i++) ((char *)output)[i] = (char)value; } /* Digests a string and prints the result. */ char* MD5String( char *string ) { MD5_CTX context; unsigned char digest[16]; char output1[33]; static char output[33]={""}; unsigned int len = strlen (string); int i; MD5Init( &context); MD5Update( &context, (unsigned char*)string, len ); MD5Final( digest, &context ); for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) { sprintf(&(output1[2*i]),"%02x",(unsigned char)digest[i]); sprintf(&(output1[2*i+1]),"%02x",(unsigned char)(digest[i]<<4)); } for(i=0;i<32;i++) { output[i]=output1[i]; } return output; } /* get the string add one. */ static void StringAddOne( char * orstring ) { unsigned int len; int i,n; len = strlen(orstring); n = len - 1; for(i = n; i >= 0; i--) { if(orstring[i]=='9') { orstring[i] = 'A'; break; } else if(orstring[i]=='Z') { orstring[i]='a'; break; } else if(orstring[i]=='z') { orstring[i]='0'; continue; } else orstring[i] += 1; break; } } /* check the md5 strings one by one,get the password. */ bool MD5Check( char *md5string, char* string ) { return strcmp( md5string, MD5String( string ) ) == 0; }