selenium之浏览器页面控制（python）

1.浏览器的前进与后退

 1 # _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
 2 # 导入webdriver包
 3 from selenium import webdriver
 4 from time import sleep
 5 driver = webdriver.Firefox()
 6 driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/")
 7 sleep(5)
 8 print("访问news页")
 9 driver.get("http://news.baidu.com/")
10 sleep(5)
11 driver.back()#浏览器后退
12 sleep(5)
13 driver.forward()#浏览器前进
14 sleep(5)
15 driver.refresh()#浏览器刷新
16 sleep(5)
17 driver.quit()

2.浏览器窗口大小控制

 1 #!/usr/bin/env python
 2 # _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
 3 # 导入webdriver包
 4 from selenium import webdriver
 5 from time import sleep
 6 driver = webdriver.Firefox()
 7 driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/")
 8 sleep(5)
 9 driver.set_window_size(800,600) #浏览器设置大小
10 sleep(5)
11 driver.maximize_window()    #浏览器全屏
12 sleep(5)
13 driver.quit()

3.页面iframe窗口切换

iframe.html示例

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <title>iframe实例</title>
</head>
<body>
    <div class = "alert" align = "center">The link
        <a class = "alert-link" href="https://www.baidu.com/">baidu</a>
    </div>
    <div class = "row-fluid" align = "center">
        <div class = "span-iframe" align = "center">
            <h4 align = "center">iframe</h4>
            <iframe id ="iname" name = "nf" src = "https://www.baidu.com/" width = "800" height = "600"></iframe>
        </div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

python代码控制

 1 # iframe表单切换
 2 from selenium import webdriver
 3 from time import sleep
 4 driver = webdriver.Firefox()    #创建火狐对象
 5 driver.get("file:///C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/iframe.html")
 6 driver.switch_to.frame("iname") #跳到指定的frame
 7 driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="kw"]').send_keys("selenium")
 8 driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="su"]').click()
 9 sleep(10)
10 driver.switch_to.parent_frame()    #跳到上一级
11 driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[1]/a').click()
12 sleep(10)
13 driver.quit()   #关闭浏览器

4.Alert弹框处理

alert.html示例

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>Alert Test</title>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
</head>
<body>
<h2>Alert Test</h2>

<script type="text/javascript">
function showName(){
    alert("此处展示姓名");
}
function showPassword(){
    alert("此处展示密码");
}
function showMessage(){
    alert("这里是注意事项");    
}
</script>
<form name="f1">
    <input type="text" name="t1" value="请确认您的信息"><br><br>
    <input type="button" name="b1" value="姓名确认" onclick="showName()"><br>
    <input type="button" name="b2" value="密码确认" onclick="showPassword()"><br>
    <input type="button" name="b3" value="提示" onclick="showMessage()"><br>
</form>
</body>
</html>

python代码控制

 1 # Alert弹框处理
 2 from selenium import webdriver
 3 from time import sleep
 4 driver = webdriver.Firefox()    #创建火狐对象
 5 driver.get("file:///C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/alert.html")
 6 driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/form/input[2]').click()
 7 print(driver.switch_to.alert.text)  #输出alert弹框中的文本
 8 # driver.switch_to.alert.accept() #接受警示框
 9 driver.switch_to.alert.dismiss()   #解散警告框
10 sleep(5)
11 driver.quit()   #关闭浏览器

5.cookie控制

百度为例

 1 # cookie
 2 from selenium import webdriver
 3 from time import sleep
 4 driver = webdriver.Firefox()    #创建火狐对象
 5 driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/")
 6 cookies = driver.get_cookies()
 7 print(cookies)
 8 for cookie in cookies:
 9     print("name = %s"%cookie["name"])
10 driver.quit()

6.JS操作（滚动条处理）

百度为例

 1 # JS操作
 2 from selenium import webdriver
 3 from time import sleep
 4 driver = webdriver.Firefox()    #创建火狐对象
 5 driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/")
 6 driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='kw']").send_keys("selenium")#通过xpath定位
 7 driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='su']").click()
 8 driver.set_window_size(800,600)
 9 sleep(5)
10 print("要执行了")
11 js = "window.scrollTo(200,0)" #100,500对应的是x,y轴
12 driver.execute_script(js)
13 sleep(10)
14 driver.quit()

7.截图

 1 # 截图
 2 from selenium import webdriver
 3 from time import sleep
 4 driver = webdriver.Firefox()    #创建火狐对象
 5 driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/")
 6 driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='kw']").send_keys("selenium")#通过xpath定位
 7 driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='su']").click()
 8 sleep(5)
 9 driver.get_screenshot_as_file("D:\用户目录\下载\baidu.png")
10 sleep(10)
11 driver.quit()

8.文件上传

uploadfile.html示例

<html>
    <body>
    <div>
        <form name="form1" action="fileUpload.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
            <label for="file">File:</label>
                <input type="file" name="file" id="file" /> 
                <br />
                <input type="hidden" name="multi" value="false"/>
                <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit Single" />
        </form>
    </div>
    </body>
</html>

python代码控制

1 # 文件上传
2 from selenium import webdriver
3 driver = webdriver.Firefox()    #创建火狐对象
4 driver.get("file:///C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/uploadfile.html")
5 driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='file']").send_keys("D:用户目录下载我是个算命先生.txt")#打开文件

结果展示