oracle 11g 安装

一、配置环境

root用户运行

groupadd oinstall

groupadd dba

useradd -d /home/oracle -g oinstall -G dba -m oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 755 /u01/app/oracle

xhost +

oracle用户运行

vi .bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0

export ORACLE_SID=ocp

export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA".ZHS16GBK

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

系统参数

二、通过下载的安装包安装oracle

单实例

选择企业版

环境检查结果

以root运行脚本

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

三、安装检查

[oracle@RHEL_64 ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/

[oracle@RHEL_64 oracle]$ ll

total 16

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr 20 16:43 checkpoints

drwxrwxr-x 11 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr 20 16:09 diag

drwxrwx--- 5 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr 20 16:09 oraInventory

drwxr-xr-x 3 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr 20 15:39 product

diag日志信息

diag/rdbms 告警日志

oraInventory oracle组件清单

oraInventory/oraInst.loc 安装组信息

oraInventory/ContentsXML/ 版本和库信息

product/11.2.0 主目录

product/11.2.0/bin 可执行命令

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/rdbms/admin 安装脚本

[oracle@RHEL_64 ContentsXML]$ ll /etc/ora*

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 63 Apr 20 16:12 /etc/oraInst.loc

-rw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 741 Apr 20 16:12 /etc/oratab

/etc/oratab 配置库是否自动启动等信息

/etc/oraInst.loc 记录oracle安装目录和组信息

四、建库

使用DBCA（database configuration assistant)来建库

SID不能超过8个字符
字符集需要设置
示例用户需要安装
OLAP、OLTP确定是安装数据仓库还是安装交易型数据库
ASM 管理磁盘和文件系统
SUSE安装操作oracle时不能用root用户登陆再切换到oracle用户，一定要以oracle用户登陆

[root@RHEL_64 ~]# xhost +

access control disabled, clients can connect from any host

[root@RHEL_64 ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@RHEL_64 ~]$ dbca

建库前需要CHECK

修改/etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

192.168.136.128 RHEL_64

RHEL_64 主机名，IP为真实IP

启动监听

[oracle@RHEL_64 ~]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 21-APR-2013 09:57:05

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/RHEL_64/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=RHEL_64)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias LISTENER

Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

Start Date 21-APR-2013 09:57:06

Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 1 sec

Trace Level off

Security ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP OFF

Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/RHEL_64/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=RHEL_64)(PORT=1521)))

The listener supports no services

The command completed successfully

--高级模块下

DataBase Name一般与SID相同

SID与安装时设置的变量相同

Use Database file locations from template 存在本地

Use common location for all database files 使用已挂载的存储

specify fast recovery area 闪回区，一般不开

enable archiving 归档，现在不开完成后使用命令开

内存：虚拟机中推荐使用800MB到1G

sizing：

processes(连接数）默认150 建议需要与架构师确认业务高峰期并发访问数

block size 默认8K，做数据仓库时建议放大，安装好之后不可修改

character sets -- choose from the list of character sets -- ZHS16GBK-GBK 16-bit Simplified Chinese 支持中文

connection mode

dedicated server mode 专用连接，效率高，但消耗内存，一般为提升效率所以使用专用连接

shared server mode 共享连接

contorlfile 控制文件

表空间、数据文件、redo

默认模式下

这一步需要注意，创建示例用户和数据

五、建库检查

查看进程是否已经启动

[oracle@oracle ~]$ ps -ef | grep ora_

oracle 23551 1 0 10:53 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_ocp

oracle 23553 1 0 10:53 ? 00:00:00 ora_psp0_ocp

oracle 23556 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:01 ora_vktm_ocp

oracle 23560 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_gen0_ocp

oracle 23562 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_diag_ocp

oracle 23564 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbrm_ocp

oracle 23566 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_dia0_ocp

oracle 23568 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_mman_ocp

oracle 23570 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbw0_ocp

oracle 23572 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_lgwr_ocp

oracle 23574 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_ckpt_ocp

oracle 23576 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_smon_ocp

oracle 23578 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_ocp

oracle 23580 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmon_ocp

oracle 23582 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmnl_ocp

oracle 23584 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_d000_ocp

oracle 23586 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_s000_ocp

oracle 23672 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_qmnc_ocp

oracle 23686 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_cjq0_ocp

oracle 23720 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_q000_ocp

oracle 23722 1 0 10:54 ? 00:00:00 ora_q001_ocp

oracle 24014 23978 0 11:01 pts/2 00:00:00 grep ora_

sqlplus 登陆数据库确认是否正常

[oracle@oracle ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun Apr 21 11:03:09 2013

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS

------------

OPEN

OPEN代表数据库开启正常

startup 启动数据库

来自为知笔记(Wiz)