ansible基础语法介绍

Roles介绍

roles基于一个已知的文件结构来自动加载tasks handlers templates vars files

roles下的目录里面只能写相关的tasks或者handlers。然后再通过playbook文件来调用相关roles

创建角色的两种方式
1.手动创建相关目录
mkdir redis/{tasks,handlers,templates,vars,files} -pv
2.ansible-galaxy init redis roles
redis是角色名称

ansible galaxy 介绍

galaxy是一个免费网站,类似于github网站,网站上基本都是共享的roles角色。从Galaxy下载roles角色是快速启动自动化项目方式之一

ansible提供了ansible-galaxy命令行工具,可以使用init search install remove等操作

1.ansible-galaxy search nginx
2.ansible-galaxy install nginx
把角色安装包下载到/root/.ansible/roles目录下

ansible角色调试

ansible-playbook -i hosts site.yml -vvv

ansible playbook输出所有节点信息

- name: "get all nodes status"
shell: "supervisorctl status"
register: result
tags: checknodes

- name: "show all node status"
debug:
msg: "{{ result }}"
tags: checknodes

ansible命令输出批量节点信息

ansible只对hosts文件中的[group]进行分组操作,没有角色这个对象

ansible -i hosts all -m shell -a "supervisorctl status" -i hosts all 在hosts文件中必须定义一个all组

site.yml是ansible-playbook命令才会被定义.ansible命令只要定义hosts文件即可

ansible-playbook -i hosts site.yml 这样就相当于在all的节点上执行命令

ansible > hosts文件 > 具体节点

ansible-playbook > site.yml > hosts文件 > 具体节点

ansible模块同时管理多个service

使用循环列表的指定服务名称方式启停服务

ansible拷贝整个目录下的文件

- name: "copy the flink-lib jars"
  copy: src=../../common/packages/flink/lib/  dest="{{ taishi_dir }}/tmp/flinklib/" owner={{ taishi_user }} group={{ taishi_user }} mode=0755
  tags: flink-master-jar

- name: show the jars in the lib 
  command: ls {{ taishi_dir }}/tmp/flinklib/
  register: dir_out 
  tags: flink-master-jar

- name: "upload the flink-lib jars" 
  copy: src=/{{ taishi_dir }}/tmp/flinklib/{{item}} dest={{ taishi_dir }}/flink/flink-1.12.2/lib/{{item}} owner={{ taishi_user }} group={{ taishi_user }} mode=0755
  with_items: "{{ dir_out.stdout_lines }}"
  tags: flink-master-jar

上传整个目录下子文件

- name: "supervisor start flink"
  shell: "supervisorctl update"
  ignore_errors: True
  tags: flink-master

- name: "check flink master"
  wait_for:
    port: 8081
    delay: 10
    timeout: 300
  tags: flink-master-jar

- name: "upload flink web jar"
  shell: "curl -F 'file=@/tmp/analysis-entrypoint.jar' http://{{ groups['flink-master'][0] }}:8081/jars/upload"
  ignore_errors: True
  tags: flink-master-jar

shell上传jar包

自动实现上传jar包

ansible使用ssh用户名和密码登录主机

1.不再通过ssh免密登录,而是直接通过hosts中配置用户名和密码来部署

[privilege_escalation]
become=True
become_method=sudo
become_user=root
become_ask_pass=False

[defaults]
host_key_checking = False

ansible.cfg

[nfsserver]
192.168.30.105

[nfsclient]
192.168.30.105

[elastic-master]
192.168.30.105


[elastic]
192.168.30.105


[mysql]
192.168.30.105

[redis-master]
192.168.30.105

[zookeeper]
192.168.30.105

[kafka]
192.168.30.105

[flink-master]
192.168.30.105


[app-master]
192.168.30.105

[Tlog]
192.168.30.105

[nginx]
192.168.30.105


[monitor]
192.168.30.105

[all]
192.168.30.105


[all:vars]
ansible_ssh_user=admin
ansible_ssh_pass=123456

主机清单文件

2.清空受控端主机known_hosts文件

3.执行部署

ansible-playbook -i hosts_userpasswd site_standalone.yml

ssh无免密登录部署

ansible把多个主机组合并成一个主机组

设置hosts文件父分组和子分组

[flink-master]
192.168.30.105


[flink-worker]
192.168.30.110

[flinkcluster:children]
flink-master
flink-worker

hosts

循环遍历合并后分组主机

{% set flinkhosts = [] %} 
{% for host in groups["flinkcluster"] %} 
{{ flinkhosts.append(host | string+":9213")}} 
{{ flinkhosts.append(host | string+":9214")}} 
{% endfor %}
      - targets: {{ flinkhosts | to_json }}
        labels:
          group: 'flink-exporter'

templates.j2

{% set hosts = [] %} 
{% for host in groups["all"] %} 
{{ hosts.append(host|string+":9100") }} 
{% endfor %}
      - targets: {{ hosts | to_json }} 
        labels:
          group: 'node-exporter'
  - job_name: 'system_app'
    scrape_interval: 60s 
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['{{ groups["elastic-master"][0] }}:9114']
        labels:
          group: 'elastic-exporter'
{% set flinkhosts = [] %} 
{% for host in groups["flinkcluster"] %} 
{{ flinkhosts.append(host | string+":9213")}} 
{% if host == groups["flink-master"][0] %}
{{ flinkhosts.append(host | string+":9214")}} 
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
      - targets: {{ flinkhosts | to_json }}
        labels:
          group: 'flink-exporter'

模板遍历并嵌套判断

ansible调试jinjia2语法

ansible-playbook -i hosts --tags monitor-test2 site.yml

ansible playbook变量定义嵌套

es_path_data: "{{ taishi_dir }}/es-cluster/data"
es_path_logs: "{{ taishi_dir }}/es-cluster/logs"