python 爬取猫眼电影top100数据

最近有爬虫相关的需求，所以上B站找了个视频（链接在文末）看了一下，做了一个小程序出来，大体上没有修改，只是在最后的存储上，由txt换成了excel。

简要需求：爬虫爬取猫眼电影TOP100榜单数据
使用语言：python
工具：PyCharm
涉及库：requests、re、openpyxl(高版本excel操作库)

实现代码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Author  : yocichen
# @Email   : yocichen@126.com
# @File    : maoyan100.py
# @Software: PyCharm
# @Time    : 2019
# @UpdateTime : 2020/4/26

import requests
from requests import RequestException
import re
import openpyxl
import traceback

# Get page's html by requests module
def get_one_page(url):
    try:
        headers = {
            'user-agent': 'Mozilla / 5.0(Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit / 537.36(KHTML, likeGecko) Chrome / 53.0.2785.104Safari / 537.36Core / 1.53.4882.400QQBrowser / 9.7.13059.400'
        }
        # Sometimes, the proxies need to be replaced.
        # You can get them by accessing https://www.kuaidaili.com/free/inha/
        proxies = {
            'http': '60.190.250.120:8080'
        }
        # use headers to avoid 403 Forbidden Error(reject spider)
        response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, proxies=proxies)
        if response.status_code == 200 :
            return response.text
        return None
    except RequestException:
        traceback.print_exc()
        return None

# Get useful info from html of a page by re module
def parse_one_page(html):
    try:
        pattern = re.compile('<dd>.*?board-index.*?>(d+)<.*?<a.*?title="(.*?)"'
                             +'.*?data-src="(.*?)".*?</a>.*?star">[\s]*(.*?)[\n][\s]*</p>.*?'
                             +'releasetime">(.*?)</p>.*?integer">(.*?)</i>.*?'
                             +'fraction">(.*?)</i>.*?</dd>', re.S)
        items = re.findall(pattern, html)
        return items
    except Exception:
        traceback.print_exc()
        return []

# Main call function
def main(url):
    page_html = get_one_page(url)
    parse_res = parse_one_page(page_html)
    return parse_res

# Write the useful info in excel(*.xlsx file)
def write_excel_xlsx(items):
    wb = openpyxl.Workbook()
    ws = wb.active
    rows = len(items)
    cols = len(items[0])
    # First, write col's title.
    ws.cell(1, 1).value = '编号'
    ws.cell(1, 2).value = '片名'
    ws.cell(1, 3).value = '宣传图片'
    ws.cell(1, 4).value = '主演'
    ws.cell(1, 5).value = '上映时间'
    ws.cell(1, 6).value = '评分'
    # Write film's info
    for i in range(0, rows):
        for j in range(0, cols):
            if j != 5:
                ws.cell(i+2, j+1).value = items[i][j]
            else:
                ws.cell(i+2, j+1).value = items[i][j]+items[i][j+1]
                break
    # Save the work book as *.xlsx
    wb.save('maoyan_top100.xlsx')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    print('spider working...')
    res = []
    url = 'https://maoyan.com/board/4?'
    for i in range(0, 10):
        if i == 0:
            res = main(url)
        else:
            newUrl = url+'offset='+str(i*10)
            res.extend(main(newUrl))
    print('writing into excel...')
    write_excel_xlsx(res)
    print('work done!
Note: the data is in the current directory.')

更新效果图：

后记

入门了一点后发现，如果使用正则表达式和requests库来实行进行数据爬取的话，分析HTML页面结构和正则表达式的构造是关键，剩下的工作不过是替换url罢了。

你可能需要的 GitHub 传送门

补充一个分析HTML构造正则的例子

猫眼经典科幻按照评价排序

审查元素我们会发现每一项都是<dd>****</dd>格式

我想要获取电影名称和评分，先拿出HTML代码看一看

试着构造正则

'.*?<dd>.*?movie-item-title.*?title="(.*?)">.*?integer">(.*?)<.*?fraction">(.*?)<.*?</dd>' (随手写的，未经验证)

参考资料

【B站视频 2018年最新Python3.6网络爬虫实战】https://www.bilibili.com/video/av19057145/?p=14

【猫眼电影robots】https://maoyan.com/robots.txt (最好爬之前去看一下，那些可爬那些不允许爬)