UVa1363

  这道题的题解来自紫书,这里就写一下加深影响

  给出N、M满足M <= N求出2-N!中存在多少个x使得x所有的素因子大于M,那么所有素因子大于M等价于与M!互素,根据欧几里得算法,

我们将x与M!互素转换成x%M!与M!互素,所以这样我们仅需要枚举小于M!的数,然后得到的个数*N!/M!(意思是说增加多少个M!仍然满足条件),对于求出小于M!的数与M!互素,我们采用欧拉函数就是,然后用phifac(n)=phi(n!)表示,我们能够发现phifac(n)与phifac(n-1)的关系,他们的素因子往往会相同,如果n不是素数,phifac(n) = phifac(n-1) * n否则phifac(n) = phifac(n-1) * (n-1)

这样就得到了phifac(n)的大小了,注意溢出,有些细节我并不是特别的清楚,下面是代码:

// UVa 11440
#include <cstdio> 
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath> 
using namespace std; 

const int maxn = 10000000 + 5; 
const int MOD = 100000007; 

int vis[maxn], phifac[maxn];

void Eratosthenes(int n) {
    memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis)); 
    int m = sqrt(n + 0.5); 
    for (int i = 2; i <= m; ++i) 
      for (int j = i*i; j <= n; j += i) 
        vis[j] = 1;
}

int main() { 
  int n, m; 
  Eratosthenes(10000001); 
  phifac[1] = phifac[2] = 1; 
  for (int i = 3; i <= 10000001; ++i) 
    phifac[i] = (long long)phifac[i-1] * (vis[i] ? i : i-1) % MOD;
    
  while (scanf("%d%d", &n, &m) == 2 && n) {    
    int ans = phifac[m]; 
    for (int i = m+1; i <= n; ++i) ans = (long long)ans * i % MOD; 
    printf("%d
", (ans-1+MOD)%MOD); 
  }
  return 0; 
}
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/yifeiWa/p/11454999.html