线性表（gcc实现）

线性结构：

　　①存在一个唯一的被称为“第一个”的数据元素；

　　②存在一个唯一的被称为“最后一个”的数据元素；

　　③除第一个元素外，每个元素均有唯一一个直接前驱；

　　④除最后一个元素外，每个元素均有唯一一个直接后继

线性表(Linear List) ：

　　是由n(n≧0)个数据元素(结点)a1，a2，…an组成的有限序列。该序列中的所有结点具有相同的数据类型。其中数据元素的个数n称为线性表的长度。

　　当n=0时，称为空表。

　　当n>0时，将非空的线性表记作：(a1，a2，…an) ，a1称为线性表的第一个(首)结点，an称为线性表的最后一个(尾)结点。

顺序存储：把线性表的结点按逻辑顺序依次存放在一组地址连续的存储单元里。

#ifndef _TYPE_H_
#define _TYPE_H_

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>

#define TRUE    1
#define FALSE   0
#define INIT_SIZE 20
#define INCREMENT 10
#define OVERFLOW  -2

typedef int Boolean;
typedef char ElemType;

#endif
type.h
/********************************************************
    Author: ydp        Version: 1.0    Date: 2013/05/03    
    File name: SqList.c
    Description:
        sequence list.
    Function List:
        init():
    History:
        none
*********************************************************/
#include "type.h"

typedef struct ArrayList
{
  ElemType *elem;
  int       length;
  int       size;
}SqList;

Boolean initList(SqList *L);
Boolean insertList(SqList *L,ElemType elem, int pos);
Boolean delList(SqList *L,int pos);
Boolean updateList(SqList *L,ElemType elem, int pos);
int     findList(SqList *L,ElemType elem);
Boolean destroyList(SqList *L);

int main(void)
{
  SqList L,*p;
  p=&L;
  Boolean flag =  initList(&L);
  ElemType e = 'y';
  flag = insertList(&L,e,1);
  e = 'p';
  insertList(&L,e,2);
  e = 'd';
  insertList(&L,e,2);
  printf("before delete:	%s
",p->elem);
  delList(&L,1);
  printf("L->elem:	%s
",p->elem);
  printf("L->elem[0]:	%c
",p->elem[0]);
  printf("L->size:	%d
",p->size);
  printf("L->length:	%d
",p->length);
  insertList(&L,e,1);
  updateList(&L,'y',1);
  printf("after update:	%s
",p->elem);
  int pos = findList(&L,'p');
  printf("pos:	%d
",pos);
  destroyList(&L);
  if(p->elem==NULL)
  {
    printf("L->elem==NULL
"); 
  }
  return 0 ;
}

Boolean initList(SqList *L)
{
    printf("Init sqList start!
");
    L->elem = (ElemType *)malloc(INIT_SIZE*sizeof(ElemType));
    if(L->elem==NULL)
    {
        printf("Init sqList false!
");
        exit(OVERFLOW);
    }

    L->length = 0;
    L->size = INIT_SIZE;
    printf("Init sqList success!
");
    return TRUE;
}

Boolean insertList(SqList *L,ElemType elem,int pos)
{
    printf("Insert list start!
");
    if(L->elem==NULL)
    {   
        printf("List is not init!
");
        initList(L);
    }else if(L->length >= L->size)
    {
        L->elem = (ElemType *) realloc (L->elem,(L->size+INCREMENT)*sizeof(ElemType));
        L->size = L->size + INCREMENT;
        if(L->elem == NULL)
        {
            exit(OVERFLOW);
        } 
    }
    if(pos<0 || pos > L->length+1)
    {
        printf("Error position!");
        return FALSE;
    }
    if(L->length > 0)
    {
        int len=L->length-1; 
        for(len ; len>=pos-1 ; len--){
            L->elem[len+1]=L->elem[len];
        }
    }
    L->elem[pos-1] = elem;
    ++L->length;
    printf("Insert list success: %c
",elem);
    return TRUE;
}
 
Boolean delList(SqList *L, int pos)
{
    if(pos > L->length || pos < 1) 
    {
      printf("del error position!");
      return FALSE;
    }
    for(;pos<=L->length;pos++)
    {
        L->elem[pos-1]=L->elem[pos];
    }
    L->length--;
    return TRUE;
}
Boolean updateList(SqList *L,ElemType elem, int pos)
{
    if(pos<0 || pos >= L->length)
    {
        printf("Update elem error place!");
        return FALSE;
    }
    L->elem[pos-1]=elem;
    return TRUE;
}

int     findList(SqList *L,ElemType elem)
{ 
    if(L->elem == NULL)
    {
        return -1;
    }
    int i=0;
    for(;i<L->length;i++)
    {
        if(elem == L->elem[i])
            return i+1;
    }
    return -1;
}

Boolean destroyList(SqList *L)
{
   if(L->elem)
   {
       free(L->elem);
       L->elem=NULL;
       printf("Destroy line list success! 
");
   }
}
SqList.c

链式存储：

#ifndef _LIST_H_
#define _LIST_H_

#define TRUE    1
#define FALSE   0
#define OVERFLOW  -2

typedef int Boolean;
typedef char ElemType;

typedef struct ListNode
{
    ElemType  elem;
    struct ListNode *next;
}LNode;

Boolean isEmpty(LNode *node);
void    print(LNode *node);
void    addList_tail(LNode *node,int num);
void    addList_head(LNode *node,int num);
ElemType getElem(LNode *L,int i);
int  locateElem(LNode *L, ElemType key);
Boolean    insertElem(LNode *L, ElemType key, int addr);
Boolean modifyElem(LNode *L, ElemType key, int addr);
Boolean deleteElem(LNode *L, int addr);
#endif
list.h
#include"list.h"
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>


int main(void)
{
    LNode *p,*head;
    head=p=(LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
    head->next=NULL;
    if(isEmpty(p)){
        printf("List is null
");
    }else {
        printf("List is not null
");
    }
    addList_tail(head,5); 
//    addList_head(head,5);
    print(head);
    ElemType e = getElem(head,2);
    printf("getElem(2)=%c
",e);
    int add = locateElem(head,'f');
    printf("locateElem(f)=%d
",add);
    if(insertElem(head,'i',2)){
        printf("insert(head,'i',2) sucess!
");
    }else{
    printf("insert(head,'i',2) fail!
");
    }
    print(head);
    if(modifyElem(head,'h',1)){
    printf("modifyElem(head,'h',1) success! 
");
    }else{
        printf("modifyElem(head,'h',1) success! 
");
    }
    print(head);
    if(deleteElem(head,1)){
    printf("deleteElem(head,1) sucess!
");
    }else{
        printf("deleteElem(head,1) sucess!
");
    }
    print(head);
}

Boolean isEmpty(LNode *node){
    if(node->next != NULL){
        return FALSE;
    }
    return TRUE;
}

void print(LNode *node){
    while(node->next != NULL){
       node=node->next;
        printf("elem:%c
",node->elem);
    }
}

void addList_tail(LNode *node,int num){
    LNode *p,*q;
    int i;
    p=node;
    char e;
    printf("will input %d elem!",num);
    for(i=1;i<=num;i++){
        q=(LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
        printf("
please input the %dth elem:",i);
    scanf("%c",&e);
    //The follow 2line is clear ‘'
' in memery
    int c;
        while ((c=getchar()) != '
' && c != EOF);
    //fflush(stdin);
       q->elem=e;
        q->next=p->next;
         p->next=q;
    p=q;
    }
}

void addList_head(LNode *node,int num){
    LNode *p,*q;
    int i;
    p=node;
    char e;
    printf("will input %d elem!",num);
    for(i=1;i<=num;i++){
        q=(LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
        printf("
please input the %dth elem:",i);
        scanf("%c",&e);        
        int c;
        while ((c=getchar()) != '
' && c != EOF);        
        q->elem=e;
        q->next=p->next;
        p->next=q;
      //p=q;
    }
}

ElemType getElem(LNode *L,int i)
{
    int count=0;
    LNode *p;
    p=L;
    for(;count<i;count++)
    {
        if(p->next!=NULL){
            p=p->next;
        }
        else
        {
            printf("out of boundry!");
            return ;
        }
    }
    
    return p->elem;
}

int  locateElem(LNode *L, ElemType key)
{
    int count=0;
    LNode *p;
    p=L;
    while(p->next != NULL)
    {
        p=p->next;
        count++;
        if(p->elem == key)
            return count;
    }
    return -1;
}

Boolean insertElem(LNode *L, ElemType key, int addr)
{
    LNode *p,*q;
    p = L;
    int count;
    for(count=1;count<addr;count++)
    {
        if(p->next != NULL)
            p=p->next;
        else
        {
            printf("Wrong addr!");
            return FALSE;
        }
    }
    q=(LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
    q->next = p->next;
    p->next = q;
    q->elem = key;
    
    return TRUE;
}
Boolean modifyElem(LNode *L, ElemType key, int addr)
{
    LNode *p;
    p=L;
    int count;
    for(count=0;count<addr;count++)
    {
        if(p->next != NULL)
            p=p->next;
        else
        {
            printf("Wrong addr!");
            return FALSE;
        }
    }
    p->elem = key;
    return TRUE;
}
Boolean deleteElem(LNode *L, int addr)
{
    LNode *p,*q;
    p=L;
    int count;
    for(count=0;count<addr-1;count++)
    {
        if(p->next != NULL)
            p=p->next;
        else
        {
            printf("Wrong addr!");
            return FALSE;
        }
    }
    q = p->next;
    p->next =  q->next;
    free(q);
    return TRUE;
}
list.c
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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/ydpup/p/3255159.html