Shell常用脚本

shell常用脚本

[root@nginx ~]# basename /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 
ifcfg-eth0
[root@nginx ~]# dirname /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts

[root@nginx ~]# cat process.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo "PID of this script: $$"              #($$)查看当前脚本的进程ID
echo "PPID of this script: $PPID"          #($PPID)查看当前脚本父进程的进程ID
echo "UID of this script: $UID"            #($UID)查看用户的UID
echo $$ >/var/log/$(basename $0 .sh).pid   #basename $0 .sh：获取脚本名称和去除.sh文件后缀名
echo "当前是第$LINENO行"                     #$LINENO获取当前行号


[root@web01 scripts]# cat ping.sh     #并发执行ping（快速执行加{ }&）
#!/bin/bash 
for n in {1..254};do
    {
    ping -c 1 10.0.0.$n &>/dev/null
    if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
        echo "10.0.0.$n" >>/tmp/cunhuo.log
    else
        echo "10.0.0.$n" >>/tmp/dead.log
    fi
}&
done
wait      #wait等待前面的后台任务全部完成才往下执行
echo "hello world"

[root@web01 scripts]# cat iptables.sh
#!/bin/bash
. /etc/init.d/functions
if [ $UID -ne 0 ];then
    echo "Please use root run scription!!!!!"
    exit 10
fi
while true
do
    awk '{print $1}' /application/nginx/logs/access.log|sort -n -r|uniq -c >/tmp/ip.txt
    while read LINE
        do
            IP=${LINE#* }
            COUNT=${LINE%% *}
            ADD_IP=$(iptables -nL|egrep $IP|wc -l)
            IPTABLES(){
                if [ "$COUNT" -gt 5 -a $ADD_IP -eq 0 ];then
                    iptables -I INPUT -s $IP -j DROP
                    action "$IP is dropped!!!!!!"  /bin/true
                elif [ $COUNT -lt 5  ];then
                    iptables -D INPUT -s $IP -j DROP 2>/dev/null
                fi
            }
            IPTABLES 
        done </tmp/ip.txt
    sleep 60
done

[root@db02 3306]# cat fenku.sh    #Mysql分库备份
port=3306
socket=/data/${port}/mysql.sock
CmdPath="/application/mysql/bin"
MysqlCmd="mysql -S $socket"
MysqlDump="mysqldump -S $socket"
DataPath=/data/backup
[ -d $DataPath ] || mkdir $DataPath -p
for dbname in `$CmdPath/$MysqlCmd -e "show databases;"|sed 1d|grep -v "_schema"`
do
   $CmdPath/$MysqlDump  -B --master-data=2 $dbname|gzip >$DataPath/${dbname}_$(date +%F).sql.gz
done

[root@web01 scripts]# cat md5sum.sh
#!/bin/sh
array=(
21029299
00205d1c
a3da1677
1f6d12dd
890684b
)
Path=/tmp/md5.txt
funGetMd5() {
    > $Path
    for ((Num=0;Num<=32767;Num++))
    do     
       {
       Stat=$(echo $Num|md5sum)
       echo "$Stat $Num" >> $Path
       }&     
    done
}
funFindMd5() {
    word=$(echo "${array[@]}"|sed -r 's# |
#|#g')
    grep -E "$word" $Path
}
funcMain(){
    funGetMd5
    funFindMd5
}
funcMain

[root@web01 scripts]# cat arr3.sh 
#!/bin/sh
. /etc/init.d/functions
array=(
http://blog.oldboyedu.com
http://blog.etiantian.org
http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com
http://10.0.0.7
)
function wait(){
    echo -n "Start Curl_check"
    for n in {1..3}
    do
        echo -n " ."
        sleep 1
        if [ $i -eq 4 ];then
            echo -e "	"
            action "Curl_check is start!!!!!!" /bin/true
        fi
    done
}
function check_url(){
    wget -o /dev/null --spider -T 10 --tries=1  $1 
    if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
        action "$1 is ok" /bin/true
    else
        action "$1 is no" /bin/false
    fi
}
function main(){
    wait
    for((i=0;i<${#array[*]};i++))
    do
        check_url ${array[i]}
        sleep 1
    done
}
main

[root@nginx ~]# cat func.sh $1
#!/bin/bash
. /etc/init.d/functions
function name() {
    if [ -z $1 ];then
        echo "Usg:sh $0 [ip/domain]"
        return 1
    else
    ping -c 3 $1 >/dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
            echo "up"
        else
            echo "down"
            return 2
        fi
    fi
}
result=$(name $1)   #取函数的运行结果，以及向函数里传参
echo $?             #取函数的return值
if [ "$result" == "down" ];then
    /sbin/ifdown eth1 >/dev/null
    action "eth1 is down" /bin/true
elif [ "$result" == "up" ];then
    /sbin/ifup eth1 >/dev/null
    action "eth1 is up" /bin/true
else
    echo $result
fi

[root@nginx ~]# cat menu.sh      #打印菜单脚本
#!/bin/sh
clear
echo -e "

			Scripts admin menu"
echo -e "
		++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
"
echo -e "		1.  Install Apche"
echo -e "		2.  Install PHP"
echo -e "		3.  Install Mysql"
echo -e "
		++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"
echo -en "
		  Please enter Install option: " 
read -t 5 -n 1 NUM
case $NUM in 
    1) 
    echo -e "

Install Apple
"
    ;;
    2) 
    echo -e "

Install PHP
"
    ;;
    3)
    echo -e "

Install Mysql
"
    ;;
        *)
        echo -e "

	Usge: Enter 1|2|3
"
esac

[root@nginx ~]# cat captrue.sh   #自动抓包脚本
#!/bin/bash
n=1
while true;do
  tcpdumpid=`ps aux | grep tcpdump | awk '/^tcpdump/{print $2}'`
  curl 172.30.3.198:6011 &>/dev/null
  if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
    echo "$n `date +"%Y-%m-%d %T"` ---curl 172.30.3.198 false..." >>./status_error.log
    num=`ps aux | grep tcpdump| wc -l`
    if [ $num -eq 1 ];then
      tcpdump src host 172.30.4.152 and dst host 172.30.3.198 -w ./server_152.cap &
    fi
  else 
    kill $tcpdumpid >/dev/null 2>&1
    [ -f ./server_152.cap ] && mv ./server_152.cap ./server_$(date +%F-%T)_152.cap
    echo "$n `date +"%Y-%m-%d %T"` ---curl 172.30.3.198 ok..." >>./status.log
  fi
  ((n++))
  sleep 2
done

shell逐行读取文件

方法一，指定换行符读取：
#! /bin/bash 
IFS="
" 
for LINE in `cat /etc/passwd` 
do 
echo $LINE 
done
方法二，文件重定向给read处理：
#! /bin/bash 
cat /etc/passwd | while read LINE
do
echo $LINE 
done
方法三，用read读取文件重定向：
#! /bin/bash
while read LINE
do
echo $LINE
done < /etc/passwd　

read   -p     接提示语句
          -t 3   超时设置（单位为秒）
          -n 3  允许输入的最大字符串个数，大于3个直接退出
          -s     隐藏输入的字符串

while循环的特长是执行守护进程，以及实现我们希望循环不退出持续执行的应用，擅长用于频率小于1分钟循环处理,其他的while循环几乎都可以被for循环取代
if语句、for语句最常用，其次while（守护进程），case（服务启动脚本）
sleep默认单位秒(s)，usleep默认单位微秒(μs)

标准输入stdin，标准输出stdout和标准错误stderr，三个系统文件的文件描述符分别为0，1和2。所以2>&1的意思就是将标准错误也输出到标准输出当中

Ubuntu中编写脚本时报错 let: not found，原因为在Ubuntu中/bin/sh链接默认指向的是dash shell，dash是一个小巧的shell，而dash shell不支持++运算和let命令
解决办法:
     1、直接指明使用bash shell
     2、sudo dpkg-reconfigure dash 选择 "否", 表示用bash代替dash

格式化时间
[root@nginx ~]# date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M:%S
[root@nginx ~]# date +%F" "%T

参考链接：
       https://blog.51cto.com/cuimk/1347743   #iptables交互脚本