监控案例二----监控nginx

前言

　　首先介绍一下目前监控案例都是基于zabbix4.0版本进行讲解，但是也会对zabbix4.0与新出的zabbix5.0直接实现的差异进行讲解说明，方便升级至zabbix5.0后对有些功能直接使用。

一、首先我们先来讲解一下zabbix5.0版本对nginx是如何实现监控的。

　　zabbix5.0提供了对nginx的监控模板，该模板无需任何外部脚本即可工作。借助zabbix批量数据收集功能，大多数指标可以一次性收集。

　　通过使用zabbix agent在本地轮询ngx_http_stub_status_module来收集指标：

Active connections: 291
server accepts handled requests
16630948 16630948 31070465
Reading: 6 Writing: 179 Waiting: 106

　　请注意，该模板不支持https和重定向

　　他还使用zabbix agent收集nginx linux进程统计信息，例如CPU使用率，内存使用率以及进程是否在运行。

　　配置nginx status模块，配置示例如下：如果您使用其他位置，请不要忘记更改{$ NGINX.STUB_STATUS.PATH}宏。

location = /basic_status {
    stub_status;
    allow 127.0.0.1;
    allow ::1;
    deny all;
}

　　items 集

Group	Name	Description	Key and additional info
Nginx	Nginx：Service status	用于测试127.0.0.1本机的http服务是否可用	net.tcp.service[http,127.0.0.1,80]
Nginx	Nginx：Service response time	用于测试http服务的初始响应速度，秒为单位	net.tcp.service.perf[http,127.0.0.1,80]
Nginx	Nginx: Number of processes running	正在运行的Nginx进程数	proc.num[nginx]
Nginx	Nginx: Memory usage (vsize)	进程使用的虚拟内存大小（以字节为单位）	proc.mem[nginx,,,,vsize]
Nginx	Nginx: Memory usage (rss)	进程使用的驻留集大小内存（以字节为单位）	proc.mem[nginx,,,,rss]
Nginx	Nginx: Memory usage (pmem)	进程内存利用率百分比	proc.mem[nginx,,,,pmem]
Nginx	Nginx: CPU utilization	进程CPU利用率百分比	proc.cpu.util[nginx]
Zabbix_raw_items	Nginx: Get stub status page	The following status information is provided: Active connections - the current number of active client connections including Waiting connections. Accepts - the total number of accepted client connections. Handled - the total number of handled connections. Generally, the parameter value is the same as accepts unless some resource limits have been reached (for example, the worker_connections limit). Requests - the total number of client requests. Reading - the current number of connections where nginx is reading the request header. Writing - the current number of connections where nginx is writing the response back to the client. Waiting - the current number of idle client connections waiting for a request.	web.page.get[http://127.0.0.1/status]
Nginx	Nginx: Requests total	The total number of client requests.	nginx.requests.total Preprocessing: - REGEX: `server accepts handled requestss+([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) 3`
Nginx	Nginx: Requests per second	The total number of client requests.	nginx.requests.total.rate Preprocessing: - REGEX: `server accepts handled requestss+([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) 3` - CHANGE_PER_SECOND
Nginx	Nginx: Connections accepted per second	The total number of accepted client connections.	nginx.connections.accepted.rate Preprocessing: - REGEX: `server accepts handled requestss+([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) 1` - CHANGE_PER_SECOND
Nginx	Nginx: Connections dropped per second	The total number of dropped client connections.	nginx.connections.dropped.rate Preprocessing: - JAVASCRIPT: `var a = value.match(/server accepts handled requestss+([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) ([0-9]+)/) if (a) { return a[1]-a[2] }` - CHANGE_PER_SECOND
Nginx	Nginx: Connections handled per second	The total number of handled connections. Generally, the parameter value is the same as accepts unless some resource limits have been reached (for example, the worker_connections limit).	nginx.connections.handled.rate Preprocessing: - REGEX: `server accepts handled requestss+([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) 2` - CHANGE_PER_SECOND
Nginx	Nginx: Connections active	The current number of active client connections including Waiting connections.	nginx.connections.active Preprocessing: - REGEX: `Active connections: ([0-9]+) 1`
Nginx	Nginx: Connections reading	The current number of connections where nginx is reading the request header.	nginx.connections.reading Preprocessing: - REGEX: `Reading: ([0-9]+) Writing: ([0-9]+) Waiting: ([0-9]+) 1`
Nginx	Nginx: Connections waiting	The current number of idle client connections waiting for a request.	nginx.connections.waiting Preprocessing: - REGEX: `Reading: ([0-9]+) Writing: ([0-9]+) Waiting: ([0-9]+) 3`
Nginx	Nginx: Connections writing	The current number of connections where nginx is writing the response back to the client.	nginx.connections.writing Preprocessing: - REGEX: `Reading: ([0-9]+) Writing: ([0-9]+) Waiting: ([0-9]+) 2`
Nginx	Nginx: Version		nginx.version Preprocessing: - REGEX: `Server: nginx/(.+(?<! )) 1` - DISCARD_UNCHANGED_HEARTBEAT: `1d`

触发器配置：

nginx监控脚本经供参考：

 1 shell# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/monitor.conf #/etc/nginx是配置目录
 2 server {
 3         listen 127.0.0.1:80;
 4         server_name 127.0.0.1;
 5         location /nginxstatus {
 6         stub_status on;
 7         access_log off;
 8         allow 127.0.0.1;            #这里是允许的IP地址
 9         deny all;
10         }
11 }
12 shell# nginx -t  #如果输出错误，请检查配置文件
13 nginx: the configuration file etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
14 nginx: configuration file/etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
15 shell# nginx -s reload  #测试配置是否正确
16 
17 
18 ========================================================
19 
20 
21 Nginx监控脚本如下：
22 
23 shell# vim /etc/zabbix/scripts/nginx_status
24 #!/bin/bash
25 
26 # function:monitor nginx  from zabbix
27 # License: GPL
28 # mail: itnihao@qq.com
29 # version 1.0 date:2012-12-09
30 # version 1.0 date:2013-01-15
31 # version 1.1 date:2014-09-05
32 
33 source /etc/bashrc >/dev/null 2>&1
34 source /etc/profile  >/dev/null 2>&1
35 nginxstatus=http://127.0.0.1/nginxstatus
36 
37 # Functions to return nginx stats
38 function checkavailable {
39     code=$(curl -o /dev/null -s -w %{http_code} ${nginxstatus})
40     if [ "${code}" == "200" ];then
41         return 1
42     else
43         echo  0
44     fi
45 }
46 function active {
47     checkavailable|| curl -s "${nginxstatus}" | grep 'Active' | awk '{print $3}'
48 }
49 function reading {
50     checkavailable|| curl -s "${nginxstatus}" | grep 'Reading' | awk '{print $2}'
51 }
52 function writing {
53     checkavailable|| curl -s "${nginxstatus}" | grep 'Writing' | awk '{print $4}'
54 }
55 function waiting {
56     checkavailable|| curl -s "${nginxstatus}" | grep 'Waiting' | awk '{print $6}'
57 }
58 function accepts {
59     checkavailable|| curl -s "${nginxstatus}" | awk NR==3 | awk '{print $1}'
60 }
61 function handled {
62     checkavailable|| curl -s "${nginxstatus}" | awk NR==3 | awk '{print $2}'
63 }
64 function requests {
65     checkavailable|| curl -s "${nginxstatus}" | awk NR==3 | awk '{print $3}'
66 }
67 
68 case "$1" in
69     active)
70         active
71         ;;
72     reading)
73         reading
74         ;;
75     writing)
76         writing
77         ;;
78     waiting)
79         waiting
80         ;;
81     accepts)
82         accepts
83        ;;
84     handled)
85         handled
86         ;;
87     requests)
88         requests
89         ;;
90     *)
91         echo "Usage: $0 {active |reading |writing |waiting |accepts |handled |requests }"
92 esac

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