系统信息&&硬件信息查看


系统信息&&硬件信息查看

一系统信息查看


(一)查看系统版本信息

[root@centos7 ~]# cat  /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core) 
[root@centos61 ~]# cat  /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS release 6.8 (Final)

(二)查看系统内核版本

[root@centos7 ~]# uname 
Linux
[root@centos7 ~]# uname  -r
3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
[root@centos7 ~]# uname  -a
Linux centos7.com 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 8 23:39:32 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@centos61 ~]# uname -r
2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64
[root@centos61 ~]# uname -a
Linux centos61.com 2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue May 10 17:27:01 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

二查看硬件信息

(一)CPU

cpu对应文件

[root@centos61 ~]#  cat  /proc/cpuinfo 
processor    : 0
vendor_id    : GenuineIntel
cpu family    : 6
model        : 142
model name    : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-7500U CPU @ 2.70GHz
stepping    : 9
microcode    : 48
cpu MHz        : 2903.998
cache size    : 4096 KB
physical id    : 0
siblings    : 1
core id        : 0
cpu cores    : 1
apicid        : 0
initial apicid    : 0
fpu        : yes
fpu_exception    : yes
cpuid level    : 22
wp        : yes
flags        : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc up arch_perfmon xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc unfair_spinlock pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch arat xsaveopt fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid rdseed adx
bogomips    : 5807.99
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment    : 64
address sizes    : 42 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

注意权限只读

[root@centos7 ~]# ll  /proc/cpuinfo 
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Dec  6 15:25 /proc/cpuinfo

cpu的重要参数——physical id

physical id:0    表示服务器上CPU的ID号,目前是1颗CPU,ID为0

对CPU处理

 

计算服务器上CPU颗数


physical id:0
physical id:0
physical id:1
physical id:1

上面显示4次合并就是2颗CPU

[root@centos7 ~]# cat  /proc/cpuinfo | grep  phy
physical id    : 0
address sizes    : 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
physical id    : 0
address sizes    : 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
physical id    : 1
address sizes    : 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
physical id    : 1
address sizes    : 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
[root@centos7 ~]# 

快速统计CPU的颗数

[root@centos7 ~]# grep "physical id"  /proc/cpuinfo |  uniq | wc -l
2

查看每颗CPU核心数

cpu cores:2

[root@centos7 ~]# cat  /proc/cpuinfo | grep  "cpu cores"
cpu cores    : 2
cpu cores    : 2
cpu cores    : 2
cpu cores    : 2

每颗CPU核心数法2

[root@centos7 ~]# lscpu  |  grep  "socket"
Core(s) per socket:    2

服务器CPU总的核心数

[root@centos7 ~]# cat  /proc/cpuinfo | grep  "processor"
processor    : 0
processor    : 1
processor    : 2
processor    : 3

服务器CPU总的核心数法2

[root@centos7 ~]# lscpu  |  grep  "CPU(s)"
CPU(s):                4
On-line CPU(s) list:   0-3
NUMA node0 CPU(s):     0-3

注意/proc目录中的信息不让改动,目录中的所有数据都存储在内存里面,即使可以修改也不能永久保存。

包含数据内存存储信息、系统信息、内核信息、服务进程信息。

(二)内存

MemTotal:         995924 kB    服务器总的内存容量
MemFree:          772912 kB    服务器内存空闲容量,可能被其他占用了
MemAvailable:     746652 kB    服务器可用内容容量,只要关注这个
Buffers:            2076 kB    缓冲(加快写入数据)
Cached: 78476 kB 缓存(加快读取数据)
[root@centos7 ~]# cat /proc/meminfo 
MemTotal:         995924 kB    服务器总的内存容量
MemFree:          772912 kB    服务器内存空闲容量,可能被其他占用了
MemAvailable:     746652 kB    服务器可用内容容量,只要关注这个
Buffers:            2076 kB
Cached:            78476 kB
SwapCached:            0 kB
Active:            64164 kB
Inactive:          62348 kB
Active(anon):      46372 kB
Inactive(anon):     7380 kB
Active(file):      17792 kB
Inactive(file):    54968 kB
Unevictable:           0 kB
Mlocked:               0 kB
SwapTotal:       1572860 kB
SwapFree:        1572860 kB
Dirty:                 0 kB
Writeback:             0 kB
AnonPages:         46036 kB
Mapped:            23720 kB
Shmem:              7792 kB
Slab:              44956 kB
SReclaimable:      17504 kB
SUnreclaim:        27452 kB
KernelStack:        4144 kB
PageTables:         4408 kB
NFS_Unstable:          0 kB
Bounce:                0 kB
WritebackTmp:          0 kB
CommitLimit:     2070820 kB
Committed_AS:     225284 kB
VmallocTotal:   34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed:      178292 kB
VmallocChunk:   34359310332 kB
HardwareCorrupted:     0 kB
AnonHugePages:      8192 kB
CmaTotal:              0 kB
CmaFree:               0 kB
HugePages_Total:       0
HugePages_Free:        0
HugePages_Rsvd:        0
HugePages_Surp:        0
Hugepagesize:       2048 kB
DirectMap4k:       73600 kB
DirectMap2M:      974848 kB
DirectMap1G:           0 kB

(三)磁盘


查看挂载信息:/proc/mounts

[root@centos7 ~]# tail -n2   /proc/mounts 
/dev/sda1 /boot xfs rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota 0 0
tmpfs /run/user/0 tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=99596k,mode=700 0 0

注意不能达到100%,如果日志文件无法写入那么服务就会出现问题

[root@centos7 ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3        40G  1.8G   39G   5% /
devtmpfs        476M     0  476M   0% /dev
tmpfs           487M     0  487M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           487M  7.7M  479M   2% /run
tmpfs           487M     0  487M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1       197M  105M   93M  54% /boot
tmpfs            98M     0   98M   0% /run/user/0

模拟占用内存

在企业里面内存不够用就要找领导添加内存了,下面就是证据

[root@centos7 ~]# free  -h
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           972M         95M        754M        7.6M        122M        729M
Swap:          1.5G          0B        1.5G
[root@centos7 ~]# dd  if=/dev/zero  of=/dev/null  bs=1G  count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 7.93657 s, 135 MB/s
[root@centos7 ~]# free  -h
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           972M         54M        856M        1.3M         61M        803M
Swap:          1.5G         49M        1.5G

(四)系统负载情况

CPU压力=系統负载

CPU负载文件

[root@centos7 ~]# cat  /proc/loadavg 
0.08 0.05 0.05 1/131 6942

0.08 0.05 0.05

1分钟平均负载  5分钟平均负载     15分钟平均负载

负载数值 <= 总的CPU核心,服务器的核数有很多,比如有128核

因为xshell显示页面太小了

[root@centos7 ~]# w
w: 34 column window is too narrow
[root@centos7 ~]# w
w: 34 column window is too narrow
[root@centos7 ~]# w
w: 34 column window is too narrow

命令行查看系统负载情况

最简单的命令

[root@centos7 ~]# w
 12:23:06 up 45 min,  2 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
USER     TTY      FROM             LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHAT
root     pts/0    10.0.0.1         11:37    5:22   0.19s  0.19s -bash
root     pts/1    10.0.0.1         11:37    2.00s  0.02s  0.00s w
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wang618/p/11996634.html