摘要:
use Time::Piece; my $t = localtime; print "Time is $t\n"; print "Year is ", $t->year, "\n";
用法:
$t->sec # also available as $t->second $t->min # also available as $t->minute $t->hour # 24 hour $t->mday # also available as $t->day_of_month $t->mon # 1 = January $t->_mon # 0 = January $t->monname # Feb $t->month # same as $t->monname $t->fullmonth # February $t->year # based at 0 (year 0 AD is, of course 1 BC) $t->_year # year minus 1900 $t->yy # 2 digit year $t->wday # 1 = Sunday $t->_wday # 0 = Sunday $t->day_of_week # 0 = Sunday $t->wdayname # Tue $t->day # same as wdayname $t->fullday # Tuesday $t->yday # also available as $t->day_of_year, 0 = Jan 01 $t->isdst # also available as $t->daylight_savings $t->hms # 12:34:56 $t->hms(".") # 12.34.56 $t->time # same as $t->hms $t->ymd # 2000-02-29 $t->date # same as $t->ymd $t->mdy # 02-29-2000 $t->mdy("/") # 02/29/2000 $t->dmy # 29-02-2000 $t->dmy(".") # 29.02.2000 $t->datetime # 2000-02-29T12:34:56 (ISO 8601) $t->cdate # Tue Feb 29 12:34:56 2000 "$t" # same as $t->cdate $t->epoch # seconds since the epoch $t->tzoffset # timezone offset in a Time::Seconds object $t->julian_day # number of days since Julian period began $t->mjd # modified Julian date (JD-2400000.5 days) $t->week # week number (ISO 8601) $t->is_leap_year # true if it its $t->month_last_day # 28-31 $t->time_separator($s) # set the default separator (default ":") $t->date_separator($s) # set the default separator (default "-") $t->day_list(@days) # set the default weekdays $t->mon_list(@days) # set the default months $t->strftime(FORMAT) # same as POSIX::strftime (without the overhead # of the full POSIX extension) $t->strftime() # "Tue, 29 Feb 2000 12:34:56 GMT" Time::Piece->strptime(STRING, FORMAT) # see strptime man page. Creates a new # Time::Piece object
日期计算:
简单日期加减
use Time::Seconds; my $seconds = $t1 - $t2; $t1 += ONE_DAY; # add 1 day (constant from Time::Seconds)
下列的算是是有效的($t1 and $t2 是Time::Piece objects)
$t1 - $t2; # returns Time::Seconds object $t1 - 42; # returns Time::Piece object $t1 + 533; # returns Time::Piece object
然而 Time::Piece 相加会产生异常，相减返回Time::Seconds object，通过Time::Seconds API返回分钟，小时，天，星期，年。
除了能加秒, 还有两个API函数能加月，年:
$t->add_months(6); $t->add_years(5);
月和年通过负数可以变为减。
日期比较操作
日期可以使用 "<", ">", "<=", ">=", "<=>", "==" and "!=" 进行比较
日期解析
Time::Piece 通过 strptime() 函数(from FreeBSD), 进行日期格式的转换.
my $t = Time::Piece->strptime("Sunday 3rd Nov, 1943", "%A %drd %b, %Y"); print $t->strftime("%a, %d %b %Y");
附录一：Time::Seconds
常量:
ONE_DAY
ONE_WEEK
ONE_HOUR
ONE_MINUTE
ONE_MONTH
ONE_YEAR
ONE_FINANCIAL_MONTH
LEAP_YEAR
NON_LEAP_YEAR
方法:
my $val = Time::Seconds->new(SECONDS) $val->seconds; $val->minutes; $val->hours; $val->days; $val->weeks; $val->months; $val->financial_months; # 30 days $val->years; $val->pretty; # gives English representation of the delta
附录二：转义符说明：
%A is replaced by national representation of the full weekday name. %a is replaced by national representation of the abbreviated weekday name. %B is replaced by national representation of the full month name. %b is replaced by national representation of the abbreviated month name. %C is replaced by (year / 100) as decimal number; single digits are preceded by a zero. %c is replaced by national representation of time and date. %D is equivalent to ``%m/%d/%y''. %d is replaced by the day of the month as a decimal number (01-31). %E* %O* POSIX locale extensions. The sequences %Ec %EC %Ex %EX %Ey %EY %Od %Oe %OH %OI %Om %OM %OS %Ou %OU %OV %Ow %OW %Oy are supposed to provide alternate representations. Additionally %OB implemented to represent alternative months names (used standalone, without day mentioned). %e is replaced by the day of the month as a decimal number (1-31); single digits are preceded by a blank. %F is equivalent to ``%Y-%m-%d''. %G is replaced by a year as a decimal number with century. This year is the one that contains the greater part of the week (Monday as the first day of the week). %g is replaced by the same year as in ``%G'', but as a decimal number without century (00-99). %H is replaced by the hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number (00-23). %h the same as %b. %I is replaced by the hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number (01-12). %j is replaced by the day of the year as a decimal number (001-366). %k is replaced by the hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number (0-23); single digits are preceded by a blank. %l is replaced by the hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number (1-12); single digits are preceded by a blank. %M is replaced by the minute as a decimal number (00-59). %m is replaced by the month as a decimal number (01-12). %n is replaced by a newline. %O* the same as %E*. %p is replaced by national representation of either "ante meridiem" (a.m.) or "post meridiem" (p.m.) as appropriate. %R is equivalent to ``%H:%M''. %r is equivalent to ``%I:%M:%S %p''. %S is replaced by the second as a decimal number (00-60). %s is replaced by the number of seconds since the Epoch, UTC (see mktime(3)). %T is equivalent to ``%H:%M:%S''. %t is replaced by a tab. %U is replaced by the week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number (00-53). %u is replaced by the weekday (Monday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number (1-7). %V is replaced by the week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number (01-53). If the week containing January 1 has four or more days in the new year, then it is week 1; otherwise it is the last week of the previous year, and the next week is week 1. %v is equivalent to ``%e-%b-%Y''. %W is replaced by the week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number (00-53). %w is replaced by the weekday (Sunday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number (0-6). %X is replaced by national representation of the time. %x is replaced by national representation of the date. %Y is replaced by the year with century as a decimal number. %y is replaced by the year without century as a decimal number (00-99). %Z is replaced by the time zone name. %z is replaced by the time zone offset from UTC; a leading plus sign stands for east of UTC, a minus sign for west of UTC, hours and minutes follow with two digits each and no delimiter between them (common form for RFC 822 date headers). %+ is replaced by national representation of the date and time (the format is similar to that produced by date(1)). %-* GNU libc extension. Do not do any padding when performing numeri- cal outputs. %_* GNU libc extension. Explicitly specify space for padding. %0* GNU libc extension. Explicitly specify zero for padding. %% is replaced by '%'.