一.爬取斗鱼主播
1. 爬虫文件
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
import json
from Douyu.items import DouyuItem
class DouyuSpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'douyu'
# allowed_domains = ['www.xxx.com']
baseurl = 'http://capi.douyucdn.cn/api/v1/getVerticalRoom?limit=20&offset='
# 偏移量,指的是起始值,从0开始的偏移值
offset = 0
start_urls = [baseurl + str(offset)]
def parse(self, response):
# 对获取的数据进转jsao格式后进行判断
data = json.loads(response.text)['data']
if len(data) == 0:
return
data = json.loads(response.text)['data']
# //循环data这个列表,拿到的是每一个主播信息的字典
for each in data:
name = each['nickname']
img_url = each['vertical_src']
# //实例一个item对象来装获取到的数据
item = DouyuItem()
item['name'] = name
item['img_url'] = img_url
# 这边要记得返回,否则管道文件接不到数据
yield item
# 获取所有页的数据
# 这样不容出错,上面有判断了状态表示码,如果为1就不会走if这边了
self.offset += 20
url = self.baseurl + str(self.offset)
yield scrapy.Request(url=url, callback=self.parse)
2.item
import scrapy
class DouyuItem(scrapy.Item):
# define the fields for your item here like:
# name = scrapy.Field()
name=scrapy.Field() #保存昵称
img_url=scrapy.Field() #保存图片url
3.pipeline
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline
from Douyu.settings import IMAGES_STORE as images_store
import os
import scrapy
#文字存储
class DouyuPipeline(object):
f = None
def open_spider(self, spider):
self.f = open('./douyu.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8')
def process_item(self, item, spider):
name = item['name']
img_url = item['img_url']
self.f.write(name + ":" + img_url + "
")
return item
def close_spider(self, spider):
self.f.close()
# 设置照片存储
class ImagesPipieline(ImagesPipeline):
# 从爬虫文件赤岸过来的item中获取诈骗的url,对照片的url进行请求,获取照片
# 照片默认获取保存到settingts.py中IMGS_STORE,自己要去设置路径
def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
img_url = item['img_url']
yield scrapy.Request(img_url)
# 对图片修改名字
def item_completed(self, results, item, info):
# 固定写法,获取图片路径,同时判断这个路径是否正确,如果正确就放到imgpath里面
# results:把图片从文件读出来的信息
img_path = [x['path'] for ok, x in results if ok]
os.rename(images_store + img_path[0], images_store + item['name'] + '.jpg')
4.settings
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Scrapy settings for Douyu project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
BOT_NAME = 'Douyu'
SPIDER_MODULES = ['Douyu.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'Douyu.spiders'
# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/72.0.3626.109 Safari/537.36'
# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False
# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
# CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32
# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
# DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
# CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
# CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16
# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
# COOKIES_ENABLED = False
# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
# TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False
# Override the default request headers:
# DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
# 'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
# 'Accept-Language': 'en',
# }
# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
# SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
# 'Douyu.middlewares.DouyuSpiderMiddleware': 543,
# }
# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
# DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
# 'Douyu.middlewares.DouyuDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
# }
# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
# EXTENSIONS = {
# 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
# }
# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
'Douyu.pipelines.DouyuPipeline': 300,
'Douyu.pipelines.ImagesPipieline': 301,
}
# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
# AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
# AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
# AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
# AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
# AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False
# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
# HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
# HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
# HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
# HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
# HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'
# 图片的存储路径
#settings都要大写,这边的字一个都不能错
IMAGES_STORE ='D:/scrapy/Douyu/imgs/'
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