用Python修改本机适配器信息

主要参考来自【用Python干实事（一）自动修改Windows的IP、网关和DNS设置】。

使用_winreg模块来操作注册表实现相关信息的修改，它是python的内置模块。也可以通过Win32 Extension For Python的wmi模块来实现.

主要用到函数如下：

1.读取注册表

_winreg.OpenKey(key,sub_key,res=0,sam=KEY_READ)

2.枚举当前打开Key的SubKey

_winreg.EnumKey(key, index)

3.查询当前Key的Value和Data

_winreg.QueryValueEx(key, value_name)

4.设置当前key，type下的Value_name的值为value

_winreg.SetValueEx(key, value_name, reserved, type, value)

5.关闭按当前key

_winreg.CloseKey(hkey)

后面输入IP使用正则表达式来进行格式的判断，正则表达式来自【判断IP与MAC地址的正则表达式！！】，运行涉及到修改注册表需要管理员权限。

完整的源代码如下：

  1 #-*- encoding:utf-8 -*-
  2 import _winreg, os, sys, re
  3 from ctypes import *
  4 
  5 #更改系统默认编码
  6 reload(sys)   
  7 sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8') 
  8 
  9 NetDescList = []
 10 netCfgInstanceIDList = []
 11 mac_key = r'SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlClass{4d36e972-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}'
 12 
 13 #正则检验输入IP地址是否合法
 14 def ipFormatChk(ip_str):
 15     pattern = r"^(d{1,2}|1dd|2[0-4]d|25[0-5]).(d{1,2}|1dd|2[0-4]d|25[0-5]).(d{1,2}|1dd|2[0-4]d|25[0-5]).(d{1,2}|1dd|2[0-4]d|25[0-5])$"
 16     if re.match(pattern, ip_str):
 17         return True
 18     else:
 19         return False
 20 
 21 #从注册表读取相关适配器信息
 22 def ReadNetworkInfo():
 23     hkey = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, mac_key)
 24     keyInfo = _winreg.QueryInfoKey(hkey)
 25     #遍历当前Key的子键
 26     for index in range(keyInfo[0]):
 27         hSubkeyName = _winreg.EnumKey(hkey, index)
 28         try:
 29             hSubKey = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, mac_key+'\'+hSubkeyName)
 30             hNdiInfKey = _winreg.OpenKey(hSubKey, r'NdiInterfaces')
 31             lowerRange = _winreg.QueryValueEx(hNdiInfKey, 'LowerRange')
 32             #找到以太网
 33             if lowerRange[0] == 'ethernet':
 34                 value, type = _winreg.QueryValueEx(hSubKey, 'DriverDesc')
 35                 NetDescList.append(value)
 36                 netCfgInstanceIDList.append(_winreg.QueryValueEx(hSubKey, 'NetCfgInstanceID')[0])
 37             _winreg.CloseKey(hNdiInfKey)
 38             _winreg.CloseKey(hSubKey)
 39         except :
 40             pass
 41     _winreg.CloseKey(hkey)
 42 
 43 #修改相关网络信息
 44 def ChangeNetWorkInfo():
 45     if len(netCfgInstanceIDList) == 0:
 46         print 'Cannot Find Net Info'
 47         return
 48     ok = False
 49     while not ok:
 50         
 51         for index in range(len(NetDescList)):
 52             print '-----'+str(index)+'. '+NetDescList[index]+'-----'
 53 
 54         #选择需要修改的网卡
 55         ch = raw_input('Please Select: ')
 56         if not ch.isdigit() or int(ch) >= len(NetDescList) or int(ch) < 0:
 57             print 'Select Error!
'
 58             continue
 59         
 60         KeyName = r'SYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesTcpipParametersInterfaces'+'\'+str(netCfgInstanceIDList[int(ch)])
 61         #这里需要管理员权限才可以
 62         key = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, KeyName, 0, _winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS)
 63         
 64         ipAddressList = []
 65         subnetMaskList = []
 66         gateWayList = []
 67         dnsServerList = []
 68 
 69         while True:
 70             ipAddress = raw_input('IP Address: ')
 71             if ipFormatChk(ipAddress):
 72                 ipAddressList.append(ipAddress)
 73                 break;
 74             else:
 75                 print 'Input Format Error'
 76 
 77         while True:
 78             subnetMask = raw_input('Subnet Mask: ')
 79             if ipFormatChk(subnetMask):
 80                 subnetMaskList.append(subnetMask)
 81                 break;
 82             else:
 83                 print 'Input Format Error'
 84 
 85         while True:
 86             gateWay = raw_input('GateWay: ')
 87             if ipFormatChk(gateWay):
 88                 gateWayList.append(gateWay)
 89                 break;
 90             else:
 91                 print 'Input Format Error'
 92         
 93         while True:
 94             dnsServer = raw_input('DNS Server: ')
 95             if ipFormatChk(dnsServer):
 96                 dnsServerList.append(dnsServer)
 97                 break;
 98             else:
 99                 print 'Input Format Error'
100         
101         while True:
102             dnsServerBak = raw_input('Standby DNS Server: ')
103             if ipFormatChk(dnsServerBak) or dnsServerBak == '':
104                 if dnsServerBak != '':
105                     dnsServerList.append(dnsServerBak)
106                 break;
107             else:
108                 print 'Input Format Error'
109         try:
110             _winreg.SetValueEx(key, 'IPAddress', None, _winreg.REG_MULTI_SZ, ipAddressList)    
111             _winreg.SetValueEx(key, 'SubnetMask', None, _winreg.REG_MULTI_SZ, subnetMaskList)
112             _winreg.SetValueEx(key, 'DefaultGateway', None, _winreg.REG_MULTI_SZ, gateWayList)
113             _winreg.SetValueEx(key, 'NameServer', None, _winreg.REG_SZ,  ','.join(dnsServerList))
114         except:
115             print 'Set Network Info Error'
116             exit()
117         _winreg.CloseKey(key)
118 
119         # 调用DhcpNotifyConfigChange函数通知IP被修改
120         DhcpNotifyConfigChange = windll.dhcpcsvc.DhcpNotifyConfigChange
121         inet_addr = windll.Ws2_32.inet_addr
122         # DhcpNotifyConfigChange 函数参数列表：
123           # LPWSTR lpwszServerName,  本地机器为None
124           # LPWSTR lpwszAdapterName, 网络适配器名称
125           # BOOL bNewIpAddress,      True表示修改IP
126          # DWORD dwIpIndex,         表示修改第几个IP, 从0开始
127           # DWORD dwIpAddress,       修改后的IP地址
128           # DWORD dwSubNetMask,      修改后的子码掩码
129           # int nDhcpAction          对DHCP的操作, 0 - 不修改, 1 - 启用, 2 - 禁用
130           DhcpNotifyConfigChange(None, 
131                         netCfgInstanceIDList[int(ch)], 
132                         True, 
133                         0, 
134                         inet_addr(ipAddressList[0]), 
135                         inet_addr(subnetMaskList[0]), 
136                         0)
137           ok = True
138 
139 if __name__ == '__main__':
140     try:
141         ReadNetworkInfo()
142         ChangeNetWorkInfo()
143         print 'Set Network Info OK'
144     except:
145         print 'Require Administrator Permission'

参考来源：

python利用_winreg模块制作MAC地址修改工具

用Python干实事（一）自动修改Windows的IP、网关和DNS设置。

判断IP与MAC地址的正则表达式！！