Oracle 从Dump 文件里提取 DDL 语句方法说明

有关Dump 文件的命令有exp/imp 和 expdp/impdp。这四个命令之前都有整理过相关的文章。

ORACLE EXP/IMP 说明

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/4718366

exp/imp 与 expdp/impdp 对比及使用中的一些优化事项

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6093973

Oracle expdp/impdp 使用示例

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6260138

Oracle 10g Data Pump Expdp/Impdp 详解

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/4674224

Oracle expdp/impdp 从高版本到低版本示例

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6533421

对于Dump 文件，我们不能直接提取出Data数据，但是我们可以通过相关的参数，从Dump文件中提取出对应的DDL 语句。

（1）如果是导出导入（exp/imp）,那么是indexfile参数。

（2）如果是数据泵（expdp/impdp）,那么是sqlfile 参数。

准备工作：

SYS@anqing1(rac1)> create user dvdidentified by dvd;

User created.

SYS@anqing1(rac1)> grant dba to dvd;

Grant succeeded.

SYS@anqing1(rac1)> conn dvd/dvd;

Connected.

DVD@anqing1(rac1)> create table t1(idnumber);

Table created.

DVD@anqing1(rac1)> insert into t1values(1);

1 row created.

DVD@anqing1(rac1)> commit;

Commit complete.

DVD@anqing1(rac1)> create index idx_t1on t1(id);

Index created.

DVD@anqing1(rac1)>

一.使用导出导入命令

1.1 导出dvd 用户的数据，生成dump文件

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ exp dvd/dvd file=dvd.dmpowner=dvd

Export: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production onWed Sep 21 19:50:14 2011

Connected to: Oracle Database 10gEnterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, Real ApplicationClusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

Export done in US7ASCII character set andAL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

server uses ZHS16GBK character set(possible charset conversion)

About to export specified users ...

. exporting pre-schema procedural objectsand actions

. exporting foreign function library namesfor user DVD

. exporting PUBLIC type synonyms

. exporting private type synonyms

. exporting object type definitions foruser DVD

About to export DVD's objects ...

. exporting database links

. exporting sequence numbers

. exporting cluster definitions

. about to export DVD's tables via ConventionalPath ...

. . exporting table T1 1 rows exported

EXP-00091: Exporting questionablestatistics.

. exporting synonyms

. exporting views

. exporting stored procedures

. exporting operators

. exporting referential integrityconstraints

. exporting triggers

. exporting indextypes

. exporting bitmap, functional andextensible indexes

. exporting posttables actions

. exporting materialized views

. exporting snapshot logs

. exporting job queues

. exporting refresh groups and children

. exporting dimensions

. exporting post-schema procedural objectsand actions

. exporting statistics

Export terminated successfully withwarnings.

1.2 从dump 文件里提取DDL语句

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ imp dvd/dvd file=dvd.dmpfromuser=dvd touser=dvd indexfile=dvd.sql

Import: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production onWed Sep 21 19:50:50 2011

Connected to: Oracle Database 10gEnterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, Real ApplicationClusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT:V10.02.01 viaconventional path

import done in US7ASCII character set andAL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

import server uses ZHS16GBK character set (possiblecharset conversion)

. . skipping table "T1"

Import terminated successfully withoutwarnings.

这里要注意2点：

（1）该import 命令并没有真正的import data，而只是生成了我们对应用户下所有DDL的sql 语句。

（2）对于表的DDL语句，用REM 进行了注释。

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ cat dvd.sql

REM CREATE TABLE "DVD"."T1" ("ID" NUMBER)PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS

REM 1 MAXTRANS 255 STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1

REM BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING NOCOMPRESS ;

REM ... 1 rows

CONNECT DVD;

CREATE INDEX "DVD"."IDX_T1"ON "T1" ("ID" ) PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS

255 STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 FREELISTS 1FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL

DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS"LOGGING ;

如果只想看索引的DDL，那么可以用grep命令，讲REM 的不显示。

Linux Grep 命令说明

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6277193

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ cat dvd.sql|grep -v REM

CONNECT DVD;

CREATE INDEX"DVD"."IDX_T1" ON "T1" ("ID" ) PCTFREE10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS

255 STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 FREELISTS 1FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL

DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS"LOGGING ;

二.数据泵（expdp/impdp）

2.1 导出dvd用户的数据

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ expdp dvd/dvddirectory=backup dumpfile=dvd.dmp schemas=dvd

Export: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production onWednesday, 21 September, 2011 20:16:59

Connected to: Oracle Database 10gEnterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, Real ApplicationClusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

FLASHBACK automatically enabled to preservedatabase integrity.

Starting "DVD"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": dvd/******** directory=backupdumpfile=dvd.dmp schemas=dvd

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object typeSCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

Processing object typeSCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

Processing object typeSCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

Processing object typeSCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

Processing object typeSCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object typeSCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object typeSCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object typeSCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT

. . exported"DVD"."T1" 4.906 KB 1 rows

Master table"DVD"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for DVD.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01is:

/u01/backup/dvd.dmp

Job"DVD"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at20:17:34

2.2 产生DDL

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ impdp dvd/dvddirectory=backup dumpfile=dvd.dmp sqlfile=dvd.sql

Import: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production onWednesday, 21 September, 2011 20:18:50

Connected to: Oracle Database 10gEnterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, Real ApplicationClusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

Master table"DVD"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

Starting"DVD"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01": dvd/******** directory=backupdumpfile=dvd.dmp sqlfile=dvd.sql

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

Processing object typeSCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

Processing object typeSCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

Processing object typeSCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

Processing object typeSCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object typeSCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object typeSCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object typeSCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Job"DVD"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully completed at20:18:54

2.3 查看DDL 文本

[oracle@rac1 backup]$ cat dvd.sql

-- CONNECT DVD

-- new object type path is:SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

-- CONNECT SYSTEM

CREATE USER "DVD" IDENTIFIED BYVALUES '1111602792579CCE'

DEFAULT TABLESPACE "USERS"

TEMPORARY TABLESPACE "TEMP";

-- new object type path is:SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

GRANT UNLIMITED TABLESPACE TO"DVD";

-- new object type path is:SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

GRANT "DBA" TO "DVD";

-- new object type path is:SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

ALTER USER "DVD" DEFAULT ROLE ALL;

-- new object type path is: SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

-- CONNECT DVD

BEGIN

sys.dbms_logrep_imp.instantiate_schema(schema_name=>SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','CURRENT_SCHEMA'),export_db_name=>'ANQING.REGRESS.RDBMS.DEV.US.ORACLE.COM',inst_scn=>'9530068');

COMMIT;

END;

-- new object type path is:SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

CREATE TABLE "DVD"."T1"

( "ID" NUMBER

)PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING

STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645

PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT)

TABLESPACE "USERS" ;

-- new object type path is:SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

CREATE INDEX"DVD"."IDX_T1" ON "DVD"."T1"("ID")

PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255

STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645

PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT)

TABLESPACE "USERS" PARALLEL 1 ;

ALTER INDEX "DVD"."IDX_T1" NOPARALLEL;

-- new object type path is: SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

DECLARE IND_NAME VARCHAR2(60);

IND_OWNER VARCHAR2(60);

BEGIN

DELETE FROM "SYS"."IMPDP_STATS";

IND_NAME := 'IDX_T1'; IND_OWNER:= 'DVD';

INSERT INTO "SYS"."IMPDP_STATS" (type, version,flags, c1, c2, c3, c5,

n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6, n7, n8,n9, n10, n11, n12, d1)

VALUES ('I', 4, 0, IND_NAME, NULL, NULL, 'DVD', 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1,NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, TO_DATE('2011-09-21 19:45:20','YYYY-MM-DD:HH24:MI:SS'));

DBMS_STATS.IMPORT_INDEX_STATS( '"' || ind_owner || '"','"' || ind_name || '"', NULL, '"IMPDP_STATS"', NULL,'"SYS"');

DELETE FROM "SYS"."IMPDP_STATS";

END;

从exp/imp 与 expdp/impdp 的DDL 结果进行对比，expdp/impdp 提取DDL 语句的更详细，可读性要好很多。

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