WCF配置

参考自 http://blog.csdn.net/fangxing80/article/details/6106228

服务端的配置文件主要是对services、bindings、behaviors的配置。在默认的App.config中,使用的是WCF Framework定义好的wsHttpBinding默认配置,所以看不到binding配置节。

appconfig_overview

配置节展开如下图:appconfig_comment

BTW: "元数据端点”通过WS-MetadataExchange帮我们实现了对服务的描述,提供了WSDL,启动Host之后我们可以通过 http://localhost:8732/Design_Time_Addresses/WcfServiceLib/Service1/?wsdl 查看到公开的服务描述。

配置节展开如下图:appconfig_comment_1

关于WCF中的地址和绑定,需要补充一下。

WCF中支持的传输协议包括HTTP、TCP、Peer network(对等网)、IPC(基于命名管道的内部进程通信)以及MSMQ(微软消息队列),每个协议对应一个地址类型:

  • HTTP地址:http://localhost:8080/
  • TCP地址: net.tcp://localhost:8080/
  • IPC地址: net.pipe://localhost/  (适用于跨进程,不能使用于不同机器间)
  • MSMQ地址: net.msmq://localhost/
  • 对等网地址: net.p2p://localhost/

WCF中提供的绑定有:

  • BasicHttpBinding: 最简单的绑定类型,通常用于 Web Services。使用 HTTP 协议,Text/XML 编码方式。
  • WSHttpBinding: 比 BasicHttpBinding 更加安全,通常用于 non-duplex 服务通讯。
  • WSDualHttpBinding: 和 WSHttpBinding 相比,它支持 duplex 类型的服务。
  • WSFederationHttpBinding: 支持 WS-Federation 安全通讯协议。
  • NetTcpBinding: 效率最高,安全的跨机器通讯方式。
  • NetNamedPipeBinding: 安全、可靠、高效的单机服务通讯方式。
  • NetMsmqBinding: 使用消息队列在不同机器间进行通讯。
  • NetPeerTcpBinding: 使用 P2P 协议在多机器间通讯。
  • MsmqIntegrationBinding: 使用现有的消息队列系统进行跨机器通讯。如 MSMQ。

    ------ 弱弱的分隔线 -----

OK,有了上面的基础,就让WCF风暴来的猛烈些吧。做一个多服务,多端点的示例。

sample_overview

1.WcfServiceLib 代码:

[ServiceContract]
public interface IService
{
    [OperationContract]
    string GetMessage();
}
public class Service1 : IService
{
    public string GetMessage()
    {
        var address = OperationContext.Current.Channel.LocalAddress.ToString();
        return string.Format("From Server1: Hello Client at [{0}]", address); 
    }
}
public class Service2 : IService
{
    public string GetMessage()
    {
        var address = OperationContext.Current.Channel.LocalAddress.ToString();
        return string.Format("来自 Service2: 好 Client at [{0}]", address);
    }
}

2.WcfConsoleHost 代码:

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    ServiceHost host1 = new ServiceHost(typeof(WcfServiceLib.Service1));
    host1.Open();
    Console.WriteLine("Server1 Opened!");
    ServiceHost host2 = new ServiceHost(typeof(WcfServiceLib.Service2));
    host2.Open();
    Console.WriteLine("Server2 Opened!");
    Console.Read();
} 

3.服务端配置文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" />
  </system.web>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="WcfServiceLib.Service1">
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress = "http://localhost:9999/WcfStudy3/Service1" />
            <add baseAddress = "net.tcp://localhost:8888/WcfStudy3/Service1" />
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
        <endpoint address ="serviceEN_1" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WcfServiceLib.IService" />
        <endpoint address ="serviceEN_2" binding="mexTcpBinding" contract="WcfServiceLib.IService" />
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>
      </service>
      <service name="WcfServiceLib.Service2">
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress = "http://localhost:9999/WcfStudy3/Service2" />
            <add baseAddress = "net.tcp://localhost:8888/WcfStudy3/Service2" />
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
        <endpoint address ="serviceCH_1" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WcfServiceLib.IService" />
        <endpoint address ="serviceCH_2" binding="mexTcpBinding" contract="WcfServiceLib.IService" />
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior>
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/>
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

4. 启动Host,在Client工程中添加Service Reference
因为有两个Service,所以要添加两次。
(1) WcfSvc1(Url:http://localhost:9999/WcfStudy3/Service1

client_1

(2) WcfSvc2(Url:http://localhost:9999/WcfStudy3/Service2) 图略

5. 客户端配置文件: 配置节中,生成了4个Endpoint,分别对应服务端的4个Endpoint。通过
name属性区别。

<client>
    <endpoint address="http://localhost:9999/WcfStudy3/Service1/serviceEN_1"
        binding="wsHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="WSHttpBinding_IService"
        contract="WcfSvc1.IService" name="WSHttpBinding_IService">
    </endpoint>
    <endpoint address="net.tcp://localhost:8888/WcfStudy3/Service1/serviceEN_2"
        binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService"
        contract="WcfSvc1.IService" name="MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService" />
    <endpoint address="http://localhost:9999/WcfStudy3/Service2/serviceCH_1"
        binding="wsHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="WSHttpBinding_IService1"
        contract="WcfSvc2.IService" name="WSHttpBinding_IService1">
    </endpoint>
    <endpoint address="net.tcp://localhost:8888/WcfStudy3/Service2/serviceCH_2"
        binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService1"
        contract="WcfSvc2.IService" name="MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService1" />
</client>

6. 客户端代码:

 static void Main(string[] args)
 {
     Console.WriteLine("------------");
     WcfSvc1.ServiceClient client1_1 = new WcfSvc1.ServiceClient("WSHttpBinding_IService");
     Console.WriteLine(client1_1.GetMessage());
     Console.WriteLine("------------");
     WcfSvc1.ServiceClient client1_2 = new WcfSvc1.ServiceClient("MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService");
     Console.WriteLine(client1_2.GetMessage());
     Console.WriteLine("------------");
     WcfSvc2.ServiceClient client2_1 = new WcfSvc2.ServiceClient("WSHttpBinding_IService1");
     Console.WriteLine(client2_1.GetMessage());
     Console.WriteLine("------------");
     WcfSvc2.ServiceClient client2_2 = new WcfSvc2.ServiceClient("MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService1");
     Console.WriteLine(client2_2.GetMessage());
     Console.Read();
 }

7.运行结果:

result

有人会问,那么生成完的配置文件都要一个个手动修改吗?答案当然不是,VS已经为我们准备了WCF配置工具:IDE > Tools > WCF Service Configuration Editor 。 关于工具的使用,大家可以看这里: http://www.rainsts.net/article.asp?id=441

上面的示例代码,请猛击这里下载

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tianguook/p/4203206.html