Python --- Scrapy 命令(转)

Scrapy 命令 分为两种: 全局命令 和 项目命令 。

全局命令:在哪里都能使用。

项目命令:必须在爬虫项目里面才能使用。

全局命令

C:UsersAOBO>scrapy -h
Scrapy 1.2.1 - no active project

Usage:
  scrapy <command> [options] [args]

Available commands:
  bench         Run quick benchmark test
  commands
  fetch         Fetch a URL using the Scrapy downloader
  genspider     Generate new spider using pre-defined templates
  runspider     Run a self-contained spider (without creating a project)
  settings      Get settings values
  shell         Interactive scraping console
  startproject  Create new project
  version       Print Scrapy version
  view          Open URL in browser, as seen by Scrapy

  [ more ]      More commands available when run from project directory

Use "scrapy <command> -h" to see more info about a command
  • startproject :创建一个爬虫项目: scrapy startproject demo ( demo 创建的爬虫项目的名字)
  • runspider 运用单独一个爬虫文件: scrapy runspider abc.py
  • veiw 下载一个网页的源代码,并在默认的文本编辑器中打开这个源代码: scrapy view http://www.aobossir.com/
  • shell 进入交互终端,用于爬虫的调试(如果你不调试,那么就不常用): scrapy shell http://www.baidu.com --nolog ( --nolog 不显示日志信息)
  • version 查看版本:( scrapy version )
  • bench 测试本地硬件性能(工作原理:): scrapy bench (如果遇到问题:解决问题: import win32api ImportError: DLL load failed ,到这里查看解决办法。)

项目命令

(进入项目路径,才能看到项目命令)

D:BaiduYunDownloadfirst>scrapy -h
Scrapy 1.2.1 - project: first

Usage:
  scrapy <command> [options] [args]

Available commands:
  bench         Run quick benchmark test
  check         Check spider contracts
  commands
  crawl         Run a spider
  edit          Edit spider
  fetch         Fetch a URL using the Scrapy downloader
  genspider     Generate new spider using pre-defined templates
  list          List available spiders
  parse         Parse URL (using its spider) and print the results
  runspider     Run a self-contained spider (without creating a project)
  settings      Get settings values
  shell         Interactive scraping console
  startproject  Create new project
  version       Print Scrapy version
  view          Open URL in browser, as seen by Scrapy

Use "scrapy <command> -h" to see more info about a command

D:BaiduYunDownloadfirst>
  • genspider 创建一个爬虫文件,我们在爬虫项目里面才能创建爬虫文件(这个命令用的非常多)( startproject :创建一个爬虫项目)。创建爬虫文件是按照以下模板来创建的,使用 scrapy genspider -l 命令查看有哪些模板。
D:BaiduYunDownloadfirst>scrapy genspider -l
Available templates:
  basic
  crawl
  csvfeed
  xmlfeed

D:BaiduYunDownloadfirst>

basic 基础 crawl 自动爬虫 csvfeed 用来处理csv文件 xmlfeed 用来处理xml文件

按照 basic 模板创建一个名为 f1 的爬虫文件: scrapy genspider -t basic f1 ,创建了一个 f1.py 文件。

  • check测试爬虫文件、或者说:检测一个爬虫,如果结果是:OK,那么说明结果没有问题。:scrapy check f1

  • crawl运行一个爬虫文件。: scrapy crawl f1 或者 scrapy crawl f1 --nolog

  • list列出当前爬虫项目下所有的爬虫文件: scrapy list

  • edit使用编辑器打开爬虫文件 (Windows上似乎有问题,Linux上没有问题): scrapy edit f1

scrapy使用

  • scrapy startproject myproject

  • cd myproject

  • scrapy genspider -t basic stackoverflow stackoverflow.com/questions?sort=votes

  • scrapy crawl stackoverflow -o items.json(运行爬虫并把结果保存为json,也支持csv)

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tianboblog/p/6962908.html