Zabbix 5.0下如何应用Template DB MySQL来监控MySQL数据库呢？下面简单整理一下如何配置、应用Zabbix下自带的模板Template DB MySQL。其实非常简单。
Template DB MySQL可以在Zabbix 5.0的模板下面查看，也有简单的安装相关说明，如下所示：
Requirements for template operation:
1.Install Zabbix agent and MySQL client.
2.Copy Template_DB_MySQL.conf into folder with Zabbix agent configuration (/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/ by default). Don't forget restart zabbix-agent.
3.Create MySQL user for monitoring. For example:
CREATE USER 'zbx_monitor'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '<password>';
GRANT USAGE,REPLICATION CLIENT,PROCESS,SHOW DATABASES,SHOW VIEW ON *.* TO 'zbx_monitor'@'%';
For more information read the MYSQL documentation https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/grant.html , please.
4.Create .my.cnf in home directory of Zabbix agent for Linux (/var/lib/zabbix by default ) or my.cnf in c: for Windows. For example:
[client]
user=zbx_monitor
password=<password>
在GitHub上https://git.zabbix.com/projects/ZBX/repos/zabbix/browse/templates/db/mysql_agent上,你可以看到更详细的信息
Overview
For Zabbix version: 5.0
The template is developed for monitoring DBMS MySQL and its forks.
This template was tested on:
· MySQL, version 5.7, 8.0
· Percona, version 8.0
· MariaDB, version 10.4
· Zabbix, version 4.2.1
Setup
See Zabbix template operation for basic instructions.
1. Install Zabbix agent and MySQL client. If necessary, add the path to the mysql and mysqladmin utilities to the global environment variable PATH.
2. Copy template_db_mysql.conf into folder with Zabbix agent configuration (/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/ by default). Don't forget to restart zabbix-agent
3. Create MySQL user for monitoring (<password> at your discretion):
CREATE USER 'zbx_monitor'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '<password>';
GRANT USAGE,REPLICATION CLIENT,PROCESS,SHOW DATABASES,SHOW VIEW ON *.* TO 'zbx_monitor'@'%';
For more information please read the MYSQL documentation https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/grant.html
4. Create .my.cnf in home directory of Zabbix agent for Linux (/var/lib/zabbix by default ) or my.cnf in c: for Windows. The file must have three strings:
[client]
user='zbx_monitor'
password='<password>'
NOTE: Use systemd to start the Zabbix agent on Linux OS. For example in Centos use "systemctl edit zabbix-agent.service" to set the required user to start the Zabbix agent.
Add the rule to the SELinux policy (example for Centos):
# cat <<EOF > zabbix_home.te
module zabbix_home 1.0;
require {
type zabbix_agent_t;
type zabbix_var_lib_t;
type mysqld_etc_t;
type mysqld_port_t;
type mysqld_var_run_t;
class file { open read };
class tcp_socket name_connect;
class sock_file write;
}
#============= zabbix_agent_t ==============
allow zabbix_agent_t zabbix_var_lib_t:file read;
allow zabbix_agent_t zabbix_var_lib_t:file open;
allow zabbix_agent_t mysqld_etc_t:file read;
allow zabbix_agent_t mysqld_port_t:tcp_socket name_connect;
allow zabbix_agent_t mysqld_var_run_t:sock_file write;
EOF
# checkmodule -M -m -o zabbix_home.mod zabbix_home.te
# semodule_package -o zabbix_home.pp -m zabbix_home.mod
# semodule -i zabbix_home.pp
# restorecon -R /var/lib/zabbix
下面用中文简单总结概括一下
1：在被监控的主机上安装Zabbix Agent和 MySQL Client，如有必要，将mysql和mysqladmin应用程序的路径添加到全局环境变量PATH中。
2：将Template_DB_MySQL.conf文件拷贝到Zabbix Agent的配置目录（默认为etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/），不要忘记重启Zabbix Agent。
注意，Template_DB_MySQL.conf文件在哪里呢？相信有些人会懵逼。这个文件在https://git.zabbix.com/projects/ZBX/repos/zabbix/browse/templates/db/mysql_agent下
我将zabbix源码download下面，此文件位于zabbix-master@18cf3730036 emplatesdbmysql_agent下。
3：在被监控的数据库上创建数据库账号
CREATE USER 'zbx_monitor'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'xxxxx';
GRANT USAGE,REPLICATION CLIENT,PROCESS,SHOW DATABASES,SHOW VIEW ON *.* TO 'zbx_monitor'@'%';
个人观点：出于安全考虑，账号限定只能本机访问，不要设置为任意IP可以访问。
CREATE USER 'zbx_monitor'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'xxxxx';
GRANT USAGE,REPLICATION CLIENT,PROCESS,SHOW DATABASES,SHOW VIEW ON *.* TO 'zbx_monitor'@'localhost';
4：找不到这个目录/var/lib/zabbix，那么新建此目录，然后创建.my.cnf
# rpm -ql zabbix-agent /etc/logrotate.d/zabbix-agent
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d
/usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-agent.service
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/zabbix-agent.conf
/usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-agent-5.0.1
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-agent-5.0.1/AUTHORS
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-agent-5.0.1/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-agent-5.0.1/ChangeLog
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-agent-5.0.1/NEWS
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-agent-5.0.1/README
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-agent-5.0.1/userparameter_mysql.conf
/usr/share/man/man8/zabbix_agentd.8.gz
/var/log/zabbix
/var/run/zabbix
新建目录/var/lib/zabbix
# mkdir /var/lib/zabbix
添加访问数据库的账号信息。
[client]
user='zbx_monitor'
password='<password>'
关于Template DB MySQL的Discovery rules、Items 、Triggers、Macros，下面参考资料中已有详细介绍，在此略过。
参考资料：
https://www.zabbix.com/integrations/mysql
https://git.zabbix.com/projects/ZBX/repos/zabbix/browse/templates/db/mysql_agent