iOS GameCenter 接入

iOS GameCenter

iTunes Connect 设置

首先,申请一个应用程序,不必提交.目地是为了得到Bundle ID.
然后设置一下工程中Info.plist的Bundle identifier使之与iTunes Connect中的Bundle ID相同,否则当你尝试登录GameCenter的时候,会提示一个不支持GameCenter的错误.
申请完毕,打开你刚申请的application,点击Manage Game Center选项.

进入后点击Enable Game Center使你的Game Center生效.
接下来就可以设置自己的Leaderboard和Achievements.

2. Leaderboard设置
Leaderboard纵观图如下所示.

1.sort Order: Leaderboard中的内容是以升序还是降序排列.
2.Score Format Type:分数的类型.
3.*Categorieseaderboard的一个分数榜,这个可以创建多个,比如游戏可以分为Easy,Normal,Hard三个难度,每个难度一个榜.

*设置完成后保存,完成了一个 Leaderboard的设置.我们可以根据需要添加多个 leaderboard.
4.**Score Format Location: leaderboard支持的语言.

**可以支持多种语言,每支持一种语言,需要完成一个上述操作.
这个时候右下角会出现save change按钮,点击完成leaderboard的设置.
你可以根据需要随时更改你的leaderboard,操作与上述内容类似.

3. Achievements设置

Achievements界面内容比较少,点击左上角的Add New Achievement,打开如下图所示的Achievements创建界面.

Hidden:表示该成就为解锁前玩家是否可见.
Achievement ID:程序通过这个属性来识别成就.
*Achievement Localization:该成就支持的语言.
*Achievement Localization设置如下图所示.

*其中,成就的Image必须是512X512,72DPI的.
一切设置完成后,点击save change按钮即完成一个成就的设置.

4.总体功能
在使用各个功能前,你需要了解一下块函数。传送门: https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/#documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/Blocks/Articles/00_Introduction.html

4.1 对Game Center支持判断

1. - (BOOL) isGameCenterAvailable
3. {
5. Class gcClass = (NSClassFromString(@"GKLocalPlayer"));
7. NSString *reqSysVer = @"4.1";
9. NSString *currSysVer = [[UIDevice currentDevice] systemVersion];
11. BOOL osVersionSupported = ([currSysVer compare:reqSysVer options:NSNumericSearch] != NSOrderedAscending);
15. return (gcClass && osVersionSupported);
17. }复制代码
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4.2用户登录

1. - (void) authenticateLocalPlayer
3. {
5. [[GKLocalPlayer localPlayer] authenticateWithCompletionHandler:^(NSError *error){
7. if (error == nil) {
9. //成功处理
11. NSLog(@"成功");
13. NSLog(@"1--alias--.%@",[GKLocalPlayer localPlayer].alias);
15. NSLog(@"2--authenticated--.%d",[GKLocalPlayer localPlayer].authenticated);
17. NSLog(@"3--isFriend--.%d",[GKLocalPlayer localPlayer].isFriend);
19. NSLog(@"4--playerID--.%@",[GKLocalPlayer localPlayer].playerID);
21. NSLog(@"5--underage--.%d",[GKLocalPlayer localPlayer].underage);
23. }else {
25. //错误处理
27. NSLog(@"失败 %@",error);
29. }
31. }];
33. }复制代码
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对于开发者来说,Game Center必须经过测试才能上线,没有上线的程序在测试环境中登录时会出现sandbox提示.如图.

4.3用户变更检测
由于4.0以后系统支持多任务,玩家的机器有可能被不同的玩家接触,导致Game Center上的用户发生变化,当发生变化的时候,程序必须在游戏中通知玩家.

- (void) registerForAuthenticationNotification
{
NSNotificationCenter *nc = [NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter];
[nc addObserver:self
selector:@selector(authenticationChanged)
name:GKPlayerAuthenticationDidChangeNotificationName
object:nil];
}
- (void) authenticationChanged
{
if ([GKLocalPlayer localPlayer].isAuthenticated)
{
;// Insert code here to handle a successful authentication.
}
else
{
;// Insert code here to clean up any outstanding Game Center-related classes.
}
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5.对Leaderboard进行操作
5.1上传一个分数

- (void) reportScore: (int64_t) score forCategory: (NSString*) category
{
GKScore *scoreReporter = [[[GKScore alloc] initWithCategory:category] autorelease];
scoreReporter.value = score;
[scoreReporter reportScoreWithCompletionHandler:^(NSError *error) {
if (error != nil)
{
// handle the reporting error
NSLog(@"上传分数出错.");
//If your application receives a network error, you should not discard the score.
//Instead, store the score object and attempt to report the player’s process at
//a later time.
}else {
NSLog(@"上传分数成功");
}
}];
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当上传分数出错的时候,要将上传的分数存储起来,比如将SKScore存入一个NSArray中.等可以上传的时候再次尝试.

5.2下载一个分数

//GKScore objects provide the data your application needs to create a custom view.
//Your application can use the score object’s playerID to load the player’s alias.
//The value property holds the actual value you reported to Game Center. the formattedValue
//property provides a string with the score value formatted according to the parameters
//you provided in iTunes Connect.
- (void) retrieveTopTenScores
{
GKLeaderboard *leaderboardRequest = [[GKLeaderboard alloc] init];
if (leaderboardRequest != nil)
{
leaderboardRequest.playerScope = GKLeaderboardPlayerScopeGlobal;
leaderboardRequest.timeScope = GKLeaderboardTimeScopeAllTime;
leaderboardRequest.range = NSMakeRange(1,10);
leaderboardRequest.category = @"TS_LB";
[leaderboardRequest loadScoresWithCompletionHandler: ^(NSArray *scores, NSError *error) {
if (error != nil){
// handle the error.
NSLog(@"下载失败");
}
if (scores != nil){
// process the score information.
NSLog(@"下载成功....");
NSArray *tempScore = [NSArray arrayWithArray:leaderboardRequest.scores];
for (GKScore *obj in tempScore) {
NSLog(@" playerID : %@",obj.playerID);
NSLog(@" category : %@",obj.category);
NSLog(@" date : %@",obj.date);
NSLog(@" formattedValue : %@",obj.formattedValue);
NSLog(@" value : %d",obj.value);
NSLog(@" rank : %d",obj.rank);
NSLog(@"**************************************");
}
}
}];
}
}复制代码

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说明:
1) playerScope:表示检索玩家分数范围.
2) timeScope:表示某一段时间内的分数
3) range:表示分数排名的范围
4) category:表示你的Leaderboard的ID.

5.3玩家信息交互
Game Center最重要的一个功能就是玩家交互.所以,必须检索已经登录玩家的好友信息.根据自己的需要做出设置,比如,可以与好友比较分数,或者好友排行榜等.
//检索已登录用户好友列表

- (void) retrieveFriends
{
GKLocalPlayer *lp = [GKLocalPlayer localPlayer];
if (lp.authenticated)
{
[lp loadFriendsWithCompletionHandler:^(NSArray *friends, NSError *error) {
if (error == nil)
{
[self loadPlayerData:friends];
}
else
{
;// report an error to the user.
}
}];
}
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上面的friends得到的只是一个身份列表,里面存储的是NSString,想要转换成好友ID,必须调用- (void) loadPlayerData: (NSArray *) identifiers方法,该方法得到的array里面存储的才是GKPlayer对象.如下

/*
Whether you received player identifiers by loading the identifiers for the local player’s
friends, or from another Game Center class, you must retrieve the details about that player
from Game Center.
*/
- (void) loadPlayerData: (NSArray *) identifiers
{
[GKPlayer loadPlayersForIdentifiers:identifiers withCompletionHandler:^(NSArray *players, NSError *error) {
if (error != nil)
{
// Handle the error.
}
if (players != nil)
{
NSLog(@"得到好友的alias成功");
GKPlayer *friend1 = [players objectAtIndex:0];
NSLog(@"friedns---alias---%@",friend1.alias);
NSLog(@"friedns---isFriend---%d",friend1.isFriend);
NSLog(@"friedns---playerID---%@",friend1.playerID);
}
}];
}复制代码

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至此,leaderboard功能介绍完毕

6.对Achievement进行操作
这一部分内容比较多,而且有的地方有点重复的感觉.
6.1汇报一个成就的进度
对于一个玩家可见的成就,你需要尽可能的报告给玩家解锁的进度;对于一个一部完成的成就,则不需要,当玩家的进度达到100%的时候,会自动解锁该成就.

- (void) reportAchievementIdentifier: (NSString*) identifier percentComplete: (float) percent
{
GKAchievement *achievement = [[[GKAchievement alloc] initWithIdentifier: identifier] autorelease];
if (achievement)
{
achievement.percentComplete = percent;
[achievement reportAchievementWithCompletionHandler:^(NSError *error)
{
if (error != nil)
{
//The proper way for your application to handle network errors is retain
//the achievement object (possibly adding it to an array). Then, periodically
//attempt to report the progress until it is successfully reported.
//The GKAchievement class supports the NSCoding protocol to allow your
//application to archive an achie
NSLog(@"报告成就进度失败 ,错误信息为: %@",error);
}else {
//对用户提示,已经完成XX%进度
NSLog(@"报告成就进度---->成功!");
NSLog(@" completed:%d",achievement.completed);
NSLog(@" hidden:%d",achievement.hidden);
NSLog(@" lastReportedDate:%@",achievement.lastReportedDate);
NSLog(@" percentComplete:%f",achievement.percentComplete);
NSLog(@" identifier:%@",achievement.identifier);
}
}];
}
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其中该函数的参数中identifier是你成就的ID, percent是该成就完成的百分比

6.2读取一个成就
方法一:得到所有的成就

- (void) loadAchievements
{
NSMutableDictionary *achievementDictionary = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
[GKAchievement loadAchievementsWithCompletionHandler:^(NSArray *achievements,NSError *error)
{
if (error == nil) {
NSArray *tempArray = [NSArray arrayWithArray:achievements];
for (GKAchievement *tempAchievement in tempArray) {
[achievementDictionary setObject:tempAchievement forKey:tempAchievement.identifier];
NSLog(@" completed:%d",tempAchievement.completed);
NSLog(@" hidden:%d",tempAchievement.hidden);
NSLog(@" lastReportedDate:%@",tempAchievement.lastReportedDate);
NSLog(@" percentComplete:%f",tempAchievement.percentComplete);
NSLog(@" identifier:%@",tempAchievement.identifier);
}
}
}];
}复制代码

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函数中NSArray返回的是你的所有成就ID.

方法二:根据ID获取成就

- (GKAchievement*) getAchievementForIdentifier: (NSString*) identifier
{
NSMutableDictionary *achievementDictionary = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
GKAchievement *achievement = [achievementDictionary objectForKey:identifier];
if (achievement == nil)
{
achievement = [[[GKAchievement alloc] initWithIdentifier:identifier] autorelease];
[achievementDictionary setObject:achievement forKey:achievement.identifier];
}
return [[achievement retain] autorelease];
}复制代码

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6.3获取成就描述和图片
在自定义界面中,玩家需要一个成就描述,以及该成就的图片,Game Center提供了该功能.当然,你也可以自己在程序中完成,毕竟玩家不可能时刻处于在线状态.

- (NSArray*)retrieveAchievmentMetadata
{
//读取成就的描述
[GKAchievementDescription loadAchievementDescriptionsWithCompletionHandler:
^(NSArray *descriptions, NSError *error) {
if (error != nil)
{
// process the errors
NSLog(@"读取成就说明出错");
}
if (descriptions != nil)
{
// use the achievement descriptions.
for (GKAchievementDescription *achDescription in descriptions) {
NSLog(@"1..identifier..%@",achDescription.identifier);
NSLog(@"2..achievedDescription..%@",achDescription.achievedDescription);
NSLog(@"3..title..%@",achDescription.title);
NSLog(@"4..unachievedDescription..%@",achDescription.unachievedDescription);
NSLog(@"5............%@",achDescription.image);
//获取成就图片,如果成就未解锁,返回一个大文号
/*
[achDescription loadImageWithCompletionHandler:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error) {
if (error == nil)
{
// use the loaded image. The image property is also populated with the same image.
NSLog(@"成功取得成就的图片");
UIImage *aImage = image;
UIImageView *aView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:aImage];
aView.frame = CGRectMake(50, 50, 200, 200);
aView.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
[[[CCDirector sharedDirector] openGLView] addSubview:aView];
}else {
NSLog(@"获得成就图片失败");
}
}];
*/
}
}
}];
return nil;
}复制代码

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如果你不主动使用注释中的方法,那么你得到的description中不会有图片,这样可以减少网络的使用,尽量少下载东西.当使用注释中的代码时,如果成就已经解锁,则返回该成就的图标,如果没有解锁,则返回一个大问号,至于未解锁图标是否可以自定义,我找寻的结果好像是不可以.GameCenter 成就提示更新： GameCenter中成就提示需要开发者自定义，即使官方Demo的例子程序中也没有给与提示框（横幅样式）通知用户的官方代码，所以这里Himi介绍如何模仿官方的成就提示： 1. iOS5以及更高SDK中，apple已经提供官方的成就提示：方法很简单，代码如下：

- (void)sendAchievement:(GKAchievement *)achievement {
achievement.percentComplete = 100.0; //Indicates the achievement is done
achievement.showsCompletionBanner = YES; //Indicate that a banner should be shown
[achievement reportAchievementWithCompletionHandler:
^(NSError *error) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^(void)
{
if (error == NULL) {
NSLog(@"Successfully sent archievement!");
} else {
NSLog(@"Achievement failed to send... will try again
later. Reason: %@", error.localizedDescription);
}
});
}];
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将“showsCompletionBanner”属性设置成YES，提交给苹果。新iOS属性“showsCompletionBanner”，其默认设置是NO，但若将其调整成YES，屏幕就呈现包含成就标题和描述的漂亮横幅；
2.如果低于5.0的SDK设备中是没有 “showsCompletionBanner”属性的，所以需要我们自定义提示样式，当然这里Himi也分享一下如何模仿官方横幅提示样式的方法和代码：首先，我借鉴Type One Error所展示的优秀代码，从https://github.com/typeoneerror/GKAchievementNotification中抓取一些代码植入自己的项目。我们将采用GKAchievementNotification和GKAchievementHandler类，同时进行相应更新和修改。首先，若你在游戏中运用ARC，快速扫描代码，移除那些发行、保留和自动发行代码属性。若你不想进行扫描，试着将文件放入项目及修复不符编译程序的内容，然后再创建内容。Type One Error类将展示类似于iOS 5所呈现的通知内容，但代码需获悉成就标题和描述是什么。为实现这点，你需要嵌入“showsCompletionBanner”目标。GKAchievementDescription目标的优点是它们已根据用户语言设定进行本土化，因此采用此方式不存在任何本土化问题。其弊端在于你无法只加载一个成就描述，你需要加载所有内容。我认为进行此操作的最佳时间是用户已在应用上认证Game Center，此时你需要通过异步调用获得这些消息。值得欣慰的是，苹果在此设有API调用，我将此放置在用户认证访问的CompletionHandler中。若你采用Ray Wenderlich网站的代码，那么你就既能够运用此方法，又拥有新方法。将NSMutableDictionary * self.achievementsDescDictionary添加至所有处理游戏Game Center代码的类（游戏邦注：它会在随后的体验中存储成就数据）。

- (void)authenticateLocalUser {
if (!gameCenterAvailable) return;
NSLog(@”Authenticating local user…”);
if ([GKLocalPlayer localPlayer].authenticated == NO) {
[[GKLocalPlayer localPlayer]
authenticateWithCompletionHandler:^(NSError *error) {
if([GKLocalPlayer localPlayer].isAuthenticated){
[self retrieveAchievmentMetadata]; //Here is the new code
}
}];
}
}
//Here is the new method.
- (void) retrieveAchievmentMetadata
{
self.achievementsDescDictionary = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithCapacity:2];
[GKAchievementDescription loadAchievementDescriptionsWithCompletionHandler:
^(NSArray *descriptions, NSError *error) {
if (error != nil) {
NSLog(@"Error %@", error);
} else {
if (descriptions != nil){
for (GKAchievementDescription* a in descriptions) {
[achievementsDescDictionary setObject: a forKey: a.identifier];
}
}
}
}];
}
“retrieveAchievmentMetadata”方法会初始化所有信息库，然后调用游戏所有成就描述，进行循环，将它们添加至信息库。这属于异步调用，所以不应减缓游戏或项目的启动。
现在我们握有各成就的标题和描述，因此能够修改原始代码创造iOS 4/5的善意通知，其将通过Type One Error代码连续展示所有成就。
- (void)reportAchievement:(NSString *)identifier
percentComplete:(double)percentComplete {
GKAchievement* achievement = [[GKAchievement alloc]
initWithIdentifier:identifier];
achievement.percentComplete = percentComplete;
if (percentComplete == 100.0) {
//Show banners manually
GKAchievementDescription *desc = [achievementsDescDictionary objectForKey:identifier]; //Update pull achievement description for dictionary
[[GKAchievementHandler defaultHandler] notifyAchievement:desc]; //Display to user
}
[achievementsToReport addObject:achievement]; //Queue up the achievement to be sent
[self save];
if (!gameCenterAvailable || !userAuthenticated) return;
[self sendAchievement:achievement]; //Try to send achievement
}
- (void)sendAchievement:(GKAchievement *)achievement {
[achievement reportAchievementWithCompletionHandler:
^(NSError *error) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^(void)
{
if (error == NULL) {
NSLog(@"Successfully sent archievement!");
[achievementsToReport removeObject:achievement]; //Remove Achievement from queue.
} else {
NSLog(@”Achievement failed to send… will try again
later. Reason: %@”, error.localizedDescription);
}
});
}];
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如果你想让成就中显示为你在itunes connect中设置成就的自定义图片，首先将通知部分代码修改成如下代码：

if (percentComplete == 100.0) {
//Show banners manually
GKAchievementDescription *desc = [achievementsDescDictionary objectForKey:identifier];
[desc loadImageWithCompletionHandler:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error) {
if (error == nil)
{
[[GKAchievementHandler defaultHandler] setImage:desc.image]; //If image found, updates the image to the achievement image.
}
[[GKAchievementHandler defaultHandler] notifyAchievement:desc];
}];
}复制代码

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使用以上方式默认为横屏显示成就通知，如果想换成竖屏提示，那么这里Himi给出参考代码：在“GKAchievementHandler”类中找到“notifyAchievement”，更新为：

- (void)notifyAchievement:(GKAchievementDescription *)achievement
{
GKAchievementNotification *notification = [[GKAchievementNotification alloc] initWithAchievementDescription:achievement];
notification.frame = kGKAchievementFrameStart;
notification.handlerDelegate = self;
//Adjusting rotation.
if ([[UIApplication sharedApplication] statusBarOrientation] == UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeLeft) {
notification.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(notification.transform, degreesToRadian(-90));
} else {
notification.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(notification.transform, degreesToRadian(90));
}
[_queue addObject:notification];
if ([_queue count] == 1)
{
[self displayNotification:notification];
}
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