用python实现与小米网关通讯
python 与小米网关通讯的三块内容：
以下内容的理解需要配合《绿米网关局域网通讯协议》使用
1、监听网关发出的组播信息：（有网关及连接设备的生命信号，事件信息）
2、读取需要获得的信息
3、控制连接设备（涉及了token加密部分）
1、upd广播监听小米网关的组播信息
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- 3 4 import socket 5 6 def get_gateway_heart(): 7 SENDERIP = "0.0.0.0" 8 MYPORT = 9898 9 MYGROUP = '224.0.0.50' 10 11 sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, socket.IPPROTO_UDP) 12 #allow multiple sockets to use the same PORT number 13 sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,socket.SO_REUSEADDR,1) 14 #Bind to the port that we know will receive multicast data 15 sock.bind((SENDERIP,MYPORT)) 16 #tell the kernel that we are a multicast socket 17 #sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP, socket.IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 255) 18 #Tell the kernel that we want to add ourselves to a multicast group 19 #The address for the multicast group is the third param 20 status = sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP, 21 socket.IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, 22 socket.inet_aton(MYGROUP) + socket.inet_aton(SENDERIP)); 23 24 #sock.setblocking(0) 25 #ts = time.time() 26 data, addr = sock.recvfrom(1024) 27 data_str=str(data,encoding='utf-8') 28 # sock.close() 29 return data_str 30 31 32 if __name__=='__main__': 33 while True: 34 tmp=get_gateway_heart() 35 print(tmp)
2、小米网关的初始密码向量 转换为字符串 的计算方法
1 from binascii import b2a_hex, a2b_hex 2 import sys 3 4 s='17996d093d28ddb3ba695a2e6f58562e' #初始向量 5 m=a2b_hex(s) 6 print(m) 7 8 #转换后的初始向量 9 #b'x17x99m =(xddxb3xbaiZ.oXV.'
3、加密token的方法
1 from Crypto.Cipher import AES
2 from binascii import b2a_hex, a2b_hex
3
4 class prpcrypt():
5 def __init__(self, key='cy5zmrpqws05vsqj'):
6 self.key = key #
7 self.mode = AES.MODE_CBC
8
9 # 加密函数，如果text不足16位就用空格补足为16位，
10 # 如果大于16当时不是16的倍数，那就补足为16的倍数。
11 def encrypt(self, text): #text是要加密的内容
12 cryptor = AES.new(self.key, self.mode,b'x17x99m =(xddxb3xbaiZ.oXV.')
13 # 这里密钥key 长度必须为16（AES-128）,
14 # 24（AES-192）,或者32 （AES-256）Bytes 长度
15 # 目前AES-128 足够目前使用
16 length = 16
17 count = len(text)
18 if count < length:
19 add = (length - count)
20 # backspace
21 text = text + (' ' * add)
22 elif count > length:
23 add = (length - (count % length))
24 text = text + (' ' * add)
25 self.ciphertext = cryptor.encrypt(text)
26 # 因为AES加密时候得到的字符串不一定是ascii字符集的，输出到终端或者保存时候可能存在问题
27 # 所以这里统一把加密后的字符串转化为16进制字符串
28 return str(b2a_hex(self.ciphertext),encoding='utf-8')
29 #return self.ciphertext
30
31 # 解密后，去掉补足的空格用strip() 去掉 b'0000000000000000'
32 def decrypt(self, text):
33 cryptor = AES.new(self.key, self.mode, b'x17x99m =(xddxb3xbaiZ.oXV.')
34 plain_text = cryptor.decrypt(a2b_hex(text))
35 return plain_text.rstrip(' ')
36
37
38 if __name__ == '__main__':
39 pc = prpcrypt('0987654321qwerty') # 初始化密钥
40 e = pc.encrypt('1234567890abcdef') # 加密
41 # d = pc.decrypt(e) # 解密
42 print("加密:", e)
43 #print("解密:", d)
4、获取token，并对获取的token进行加密
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import socket
import json
from xm_gw.encrypty import prpcrypt
def get_token(): #通过get_id_list 获得token
ip_port_single = ("192.168.31.150", 9898)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0)
comd = {'cmd': 'get_id_list'}
order = json.dumps(comd)
s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), ip_port_single)
data,addr=s.recvfrom(1024)
data_str=str(data,encoding='utf-8')
token=json.loads(data_str).get('token')
s.close()
return token
def get_token_encrypty():
tok = get_token() # 拿到当前token,要进行加密的内容
k = prpcrypt()
key_encrypt = k.encrypt(tok)
return key_encrypt
if __name__=='__main__':
tok=get_token()
tok_encry=get_token_encrypty()
print(tok)
print(tok_encry)
5、建立网关通讯并执行控制命令
1 #!/usr/bin/env python
2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
3 import socket
4 import json
5 from xm_gw import udp_token_key
6
7
8 class udp_gw():
9 def __init__(self, ip_gateway='192.168.8.100'):
10 self.ip_port_zu43 = ('224.0.0.50', 4321)
11 self.ip_port_single = (ip_gateway, 9898)
12 self.ip_port_zu9898=('224.0.0.50', 9898)
13
14 def whois(self):
15 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0)
16 comd = {'cmd': 'whois'}
17 order = json.dumps(comd)
18 s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), self.ip_port_zu43)
19 data_bytes, addr = s.recvfrom(1024)
20 data_dic = json.loads(str(data_bytes, encoding='utf-8'))
21 s.close()
22 return data_dic
23
24 def get_id_list(self):
25 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0)
26 comd = {'cmd': 'get_id_list'}
27 order = json.dumps(comd)
28 s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), self.ip_port_single)
29 data_bytes, addr = s.recvfrom(1024)
30 data_dic = json.loads(str(data_bytes, encoding='utf-8'))
31 s.close()
32 return data_dic
33
34 def read_sid(self, sid):
35 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0)
36 comd = {'cmd': 'read', 'sid': sid}
37 order = json.dumps(comd)
38 s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), self.ip_port_single)
39 data_bytes, addr = s.recvfrom(1024)
40 data_dic = json.loads(str(data_bytes, encoding='utf-8'))
41 s.close()
42 return data_dic
43
44 def write_plug(self, status):
45 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0)
46 key_encrypt = udp_token_key.get_token_encrypty()
47 comd = {"cmd": "write", "model": "plug", "sid": "158d0001b84d9a", "short_id": 46384,
48 "data": {"status": status, 'key': key_encrypt}}
49 order = json.dumps(comd)
50 s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), self.ip_port_single)
51 data_bytes, addr = s.recvfrom(1024)
52 data_dic = json.loads(str(data_bytes, encoding='utf-8'))
53 s.close()
54 return data_dic
55
56 def read_all_sid(self):
57 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0)
58 ls = json.loads(self.get_id_list().get('data'))
59 ls_sensor_state = []
60 for sid in ls:
61 comd = {'cmd': 'read', 'sid': sid}
62 order = json.dumps(comd)
63 s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), self.ip_port_single)
64 data_bytes, addr = s.recvfrom(1024)
65 data_dic = json.loads(str(data_bytes, encoding='utf-8'))
66 # print(data_dic)
67 ls_sensor_state.append(data_dic)
68 s.close()
69 return ls_sensor_state
70
71 def get_dict_model_sid(self):
72 dic_gw=self.whois()
73 ls=self.read_all_sid()
74 dic_model_sid = {}
75 for dic in ls:
76 model = dic.get('model')
77 sid = dic.get('sid')
78 dic_model_sid[model] = sid
79 dic_model_sid['gateway'] = dic_gw.get('sid')
80 return dic_model_sid
81
82
83 if __name__=='__main__':
84 import time
85 #{'plug': '158d0001b84d9a', 'switch': '158d0001c10bd7', 'sensor_ht': '158d0001e87bd9',
86 # 'magnet': '158d0001bb3daf', 'motion': '158d0001c2f110', 'gateway': '7811dcb38599'}
87 gw=udp_gw('192.168.31.150')
88 tmp = gw.read_sid('158d0001b84d9a')
89 # print(tmp1)
90 # time.sleep(5)
91 # gw.write_plug('off')
92 # time.sleep(5)
93 # tmp=gw.read_sid('158d0001b84d9a')
94
95 print(tmp)