微软文档:Brushes overview
本篇通过官方文档学习,整理出来的demo,初始样本请先创建一个普通的desktop app。
// Test_Direct2D_Brush.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application. // #include "framework.h" #include "Test_Direct2D_Brush.h" #include <d2d1.h> #include <wincodec.h> #pragma comment(lib, "D2d1.lib") #pragma comment(lib, "Windowscodecs.lib") #define MAX_LOADSTRING 100 template <class T> void SafeRelease(T** ppT) { if (*ppT) { (*ppT)->Release(); *ppT = NULL; } } HWND hWnd; ID2D1Factory* l; ID2D1HwndRenderTarget* m_pRenderTarget; ID2D1SolidColorBrush* m_pBlackBrush; ID2D1SolidColorBrush* m_pYellowGreenBrush; ID2D1GradientStopCollection* pGradientStops = NULL; ID2D1LinearGradientBrush* m_pLinearGradientBrush; ID2D1RadialGradientBrush* m_pRadialGradientBrush; IWICImagingFactory* pIWICFactory = NULL; ID2D1Bitmap* m_pBitmap; ID2D1BitmapBrush* m_pBitmapBrush; // Global Variables: HINSTANCE hInst; // current instance WCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text WCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // the main window class name // Forward declarations of functions included in this code module: ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance); BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int); LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); INT_PTR CALLBACK About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); void Render(); void DiscardGraphicsResources(); HRESULT LoadBitmapFromFile(ID2D1RenderTarget*, IWICImagingFactory*, PCWSTR, UINT, UINT, ID2D1Bitmap**); int APIENTRY wWinMain(_In_ HINSTANCE hInstance, _In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, _In_ LPWSTR lpCmdLine, _In_ int nCmdShow) { UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hPrevInstance); UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine); // TODO: Place code here. // Initialize global strings LoadStringW(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING); LoadStringW(hInstance, IDC_TESTDIRECT2DBRUSH, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING); MyRegisterClass(hInstance); // Perform application initialization: if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow)) { return FALSE; } HACCEL hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_TESTDIRECT2DBRUSH)); MSG msg; // Main message loop: while (GetMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, 0)) { if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg)) { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } } return (int) msg.wParam; } // // FUNCTION: MyRegisterClass() // // PURPOSE: Registers the window class. // ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance) { WNDCLASSEXW wcex; wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wcex.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wcex.cbClsExtra = 0; wcex.cbWndExtra = 0; wcex.hInstance = hInstance; wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_TESTDIRECT2DBRUSH)); wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW); wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1); wcex.lpszMenuName = MAKEINTRESOURCEW(IDC_TESTDIRECT2DBRUSH); wcex.lpszClassName = szWindowClass; wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_SMALL)); return RegisterClassExW(&wcex); } // // FUNCTION: InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int) // // PURPOSE: Saves instance handle and creates main window // // COMMENTS: // // In this function, we save the instance handle in a global variable and // create and display the main program window. // BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow) { hInst = hInstance; // Store instance handle in our global variable HRESULT hr = D2D1CreateFactory(D2D1_FACTORY_TYPE_SINGLE_THREADED, &l); hWnd = CreateWindowW(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, nullptr, nullptr, hInstance, nullptr); if (!hWnd) { return FALSE; } ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow); UpdateWindow(hWnd); return TRUE; } // // FUNCTION: WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) // // PURPOSE: Processes messages for the main window. // // WM_COMMAND - process the application menu // WM_PAINT - Paint the main window // WM_DESTROY - post a quit message and return // // LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch (message) { case WM_COMMAND: { int wmId = LOWORD(wParam); // Parse the menu selections: switch (wmId) { case IDM_ABOUT: DialogBox(hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_ABOUTBOX), hWnd, About); break; case IDM_EXIT: DestroyWindow(hWnd); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } } break; case WM_PAINT: { // PAINTSTRUCT ps; // HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps); // TODO: Add any drawing code that uses hdc here... Render(); ValidateRect(hWnd, NULL); // EndPaint(hWnd, &ps); } break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } return 0; } // Message handler for about box. INT_PTR CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lParam); switch (message) { case WM_INITDIALOG: return (INT_PTR)TRUE; case WM_COMMAND: if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL) { EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam)); return (INT_PTR)TRUE; } break; } return (INT_PTR)FALSE; } void Render() { D2D1_RECT_F rcBrushRect; rcBrushRect.left = 100; rcBrushRect.right = 200; rcBrushRect.top = 50; rcBrushRect.bottom = 150; RECT rc; GetClientRect(hWnd, &rc); D2D1_SIZE_U size = D2D1::SizeU( rc.right - rc.left, rc.bottom - rc.top ); HRESULT hr = l->CreateHwndRenderTarget( D2D1::RenderTargetProperties(), D2D1::HwndRenderTargetProperties(hWnd, size), &m_pRenderTarget ); m_pRenderTarget->BeginDraw(); m_pRenderTarget->Clear(D2D1::ColorF(D2D1::ColorF::White)); if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) { hr = m_pRenderTarget->CreateSolidColorBrush( D2D1::ColorF(D2D1::ColorF::Black, 1.0F), &m_pBlackBrush ); } if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) { hr = m_pRenderTarget->CreateSolidColorBrush( D2D1::ColorF(D2D1::ColorF(0x9ACD32, 1.0f)), &m_pYellowGreenBrush ); } m_pRenderTarget->FillRectangle(&rcBrushRect, m_pYellowGreenBrush); m_pRenderTarget->DrawRectangle(&rcBrushRect, m_pBlackBrush, 1, NULL); /*****************************************************************************/ //渐变画刷 D2D1_GRADIENT_STOP gradientStops[2]; gradientStops[0].color = D2D1::ColorF(D2D1::ColorF::Yellow, 1); gradientStops[0].position = 0.0f; gradientStops[1].color = D2D1::ColorF(D2D1::ColorF::ForestGreen, 1); gradientStops[1].position = 1.0f; hr = m_pRenderTarget->CreateGradientStopCollection( gradientStops, 2, D2D1_GAMMA_2_2, D2D1_EXTEND_MODE_CLAMP, &pGradientStops ); if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) { hr = m_pRenderTarget->CreateLinearGradientBrush( D2D1::LinearGradientBrushProperties( D2D1::Point2F(300, 50), D2D1::Point2F(400, 150)), pGradientStops, &m_pLinearGradientBrush ); } rcBrushRect.left = 300; rcBrushRect.right = 400; m_pRenderTarget->FillRectangle(&rcBrushRect, m_pLinearGradientBrush); /*****************************************************************************/ //径向渐变 if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) { hr = m_pRenderTarget->CreateRadialGradientBrush( D2D1::RadialGradientBrushProperties( D2D1::Point2F(100, 300), D2D1::Point2F(0, 0), 75, 75), pGradientStops, &m_pRadialGradientBrush ); } D2D1_ELLIPSE ellipse = D2D1::Ellipse( D2D1::Point2F(100.f, 300.f), 75.f, 50.f ); m_pRenderTarget->FillEllipse(ellipse, m_pRadialGradientBrush); m_pRenderTarget->DrawEllipse(ellipse, m_pBlackBrush, 1, NULL); /******************************************************************************/ //next: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/direct2d/direct2d-brushes-overview#configuring-a-radial-gradient //位图画刷 CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WICImagingFactory, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IWICImagingFactory, reinterpret_cast<void**>(&pIWICFactory)); if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) { hr = LoadBitmapFromFile( m_pRenderTarget, pIWICFactory, L"C:\Users\strives\Desktop\copy.bmp", 34, 34, &m_pBitmap ); } if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) { hr = m_pRenderTarget->CreateBitmapBrush( m_pBitmap, &m_pBitmapBrush ); } rcBrushRect.left = 0; rcBrushRect.right = 34; rcBrushRect.top = 0; rcBrushRect.bottom = 34; // m_pRenderTarget->FillRectangle(&rcBrushRect, m_pBitmapBrush); //位图画刷拓展模式 m_pBitmapBrush->SetExtendModeX(D2D1_EXTEND_MODE_MIRROR); m_pBitmapBrush->SetExtendModeY(D2D1_EXTEND_MODE_MIRROR); rcBrushRect.right = 100; rcBrushRect.bottom = 100; m_pRenderTarget->FillRectangle(rcBrushRect, m_pBitmapBrush); /******************************************************************************/ //变形笔刷 if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) { hr = LoadBitmapFromFile( m_pRenderTarget, pIWICFactory, L"C:\Users\strives\Desktop\panda.bmp", 268, 304, &m_pBitmap ); } if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) { hr = m_pRenderTarget->CreateBitmapBrush( m_pBitmap, &m_pBitmapBrush ); } D2D1_RECT_F rcTransformedBrushRect = D2D1::RectF(400, 400, 600, 600); // Demonstrate the effect of transforming a bitmap brush. m_pBitmapBrush->SetTransform( D2D1::Matrix3x2F::Translation(D2D1::SizeF(300, 300)) ); // To see the content of the rcTransformedBrushRect, comment // out this statement. m_pRenderTarget->FillRectangle( &rcTransformedBrushRect, m_pBitmapBrush ); m_pRenderTarget->DrawRectangle(rcTransformedBrushRect, m_pBlackBrush, 1, NULL); /*************************************************************************************/ hr = m_pRenderTarget->EndDraw(); if (FAILED(hr) || hr == D2DERR_RECREATE_TARGET) { DiscardGraphicsResources(); } // DiscardGraphicsResources(); } void DiscardGraphicsResources() { SafeRelease(&m_pRenderTarget); SafeRelease(&m_pBlackBrush); SafeRelease(&m_pYellowGreenBrush); } HRESULT LoadBitmapFromFile( ID2D1RenderTarget* pRenderTarget, IWICImagingFactory* pIWICFactory, PCWSTR uri, UINT destinationWidth, UINT destinationHeight, ID2D1Bitmap** ppBitmap ) { IWICBitmapDecoder* pDecoder = NULL; IWICBitmapFrameDecode* pSource = NULL; IWICStream* pStream = NULL; IWICFormatConverter* pConverter = NULL; IWICBitmapScaler* pScaler = NULL; HRESULT hr = pIWICFactory->CreateDecoderFromFilename( uri, NULL, GENERIC_READ, WICDecodeMetadataCacheOnLoad, &pDecoder ); if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) { // Create the initial frame. hr = pDecoder->GetFrame(0, &pSource); } if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) { // Convert the image format to 32bppPBGRA // (DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM + D2D1_ALPHA_MODE_PREMULTIPLIED). hr = pIWICFactory->CreateFormatConverter(&pConverter); } if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) { hr = pConverter->Initialize( pSource, GUID_WICPixelFormat32bppPBGRA, WICBitmapDitherTypeNone, NULL, 0.f, WICBitmapPaletteTypeMedianCut ); if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) { // Create a Direct2D bitmap from the WIC bitmap. hr = pRenderTarget->CreateBitmapFromWicBitmap( pConverter, NULL, ppBitmap ); } SafeRelease(&pDecoder); SafeRelease(&pSource); SafeRelease(&pStream); SafeRelease(&pConverter); SafeRelease(&pScaler); return hr; } }
效果图:
图片样本:
代码中的图片路径需要手动设置,因为图片资源是从文件中加入的。