HHS整合（Struts2+Spring+Hibernate）

一、搭建Struts2

　　具体步骤可以参考Struts2官网    如何创建Struts 2 Web应用程序: https://struts.apache.org/getting-started/how-to-create-a-struts2-web-application.html

　　1、在maven的pom.xml添加struts2-core的依赖节点

　　<dependency>
    　　  <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
  　　    <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
  　　    <version>2.5.20</version>
　　</dependency>

　　2、添加日志记录

　　log4j2.xml在src/main/resources包含以下内容的文件夹中设置配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration>
    <Appenders>
        <Console name="STDOUT" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
            <PatternLayout pattern="%d %-5p [%t] %C{2} (%F:%L) - %m%n"/>
        </Console>
    </Appenders>
    <Loggers>
        <Logger name="com.opensymphony.xwork2" level="debug"/>
        <Logger name="org.apache.struts2" level="debug"/>
        <Root level="warn">
            <AppenderRef ref="STDOUT"/>
        </Root>
    </Loggers>
</Configuration>

　　3、添加log4j依赖节点

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
    <version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>

　　4、添加Struts2 servlet过滤器

　　　　在web.xml中添加过滤器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
    <display-name>Basic Struts2</display-name>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

　　5、创建struts.xml核心配置文件，放在src/main/resources文件夹中

　　　　在struts.xml文件中我们开启动态方法调用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">

<struts>

    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true"/>

    <package name="basicstruts2" extends="struts-default" strict-method-invocation="false">
        <action name="index">
            <result>/index.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>

</struts>

　　这样我们的struts2就搭建好了

　　6、Struts2的hello world 编写测试类

　　　　struts.xml中配置action

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">

<struts>

    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true"/>

    <package name="basicstruts2" extends="struts-default" strict-method-invocation="false">
        <action name="index">
            <result>/index.jsp</result>
        </action>
        
        <action name="test" class="com.blb.action.TestAction">
            <result name="success">/index.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>

</struts>

　　　　编写测试类继承ActionSupport

package com.blb.action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class TestAction extends ActionSupport {

    public String hello(){
        return SUCCESS;
    }
}

　　运行项目，访问地址: localhost:8080/项目名/test!hello

　　这样Struts2的环境就搭建完成了

二、搭建Spring

　　1、在项目中添加spring-context依赖节点

        <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
          <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>        

　　因为是web项目，我们还需要导入spring-webmvc依赖

     <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
          <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>

　　2、创建applicationContext.xml核心配置文件，放在src/main/resources文件夹中

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

   

</beans>

 　　3、在web.xml文件中添加spring监听，使spring在程序运行时启动

<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

　　这样我们的spring就搭建完成了

三、整合Struts2+Spring

　　1、在项目中添加struts2-spring-plugin依赖节点

    <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
          <artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.20</version>
      </dependency>

　　由于struts2-spring-plugin依赖包含spring-context,spring-web,struts2-core依赖，所以我们需要把这三个依赖移除

　　2、在applicationContext.xml文件中注入我们的TestAction类

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
    <bean id="TestAction" class="com.blb.action.TestAction"/>

</beans>

 　　3、在struts.xml文件中把action中的class属性值改成bean的id

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">

<struts>

    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true"/>

    <package name="basicstruts2" extends="struts-default" strict-method-invocation="false">
        <action name="index">
            <result>/index.jsp</result>
        </action>
        
        <action name="test" class="TestAction">
            <result name="success">/index.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>

</struts>

　　重新运行项目，访问地址，成功访问到index.jsp

四、搭建Hibernate

　　1、在项目中添加 hibernate-cor 依赖

    <dependency>
          <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
          <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
          <version>5.4.3.Final</version>
      </dependency>

　　hibernate属于orm框架，所以还需要添加mysql依赖

    <dependency>
          <groupId>mysql</groupId>
          <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
          <version>5.1.47</version>
      </dependency>

2、创建hibernate.cfg.xml核心配置文件，放在src/main/resources文件夹中

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        
        <!-- 方言 使用哪个数据库 -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
        
        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/autho?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8</property>
        <property name="connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="connection.password">root</property>
        
        <!-- 显示sql语句 -->
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        
        <!-- 实体类 -->
        <mapping class="com.blb.entity.User"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>        

　　3、编写一个User实体类

　　这里就直接使用注解的方式，不采用hibernate映射文件的方式

package com.blb.entity;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name="s_user")
public class User {

    @Id
    private String id;
    private String username;
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + "]";
    }
    
}

　　hibernate就搭建完成了

五、Spring+Hibernate

　　1、集成Spring和hibernate,需要在spring的核心配置文件中配置数据源

　　　　<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
            <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">
            </property>
            <property name="jdbcUrl"
                value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8">
            </property>
            <property name="user" value="root" />
            <property name="password" value="root" />
            <property name="maxPoolSize" value="20" />
            <property name="minPoolSize" value="2" />
            <property name="initialPoolSize">
                <value>10</value>
            </property>
            <property name="maxIdleTime" value="60" />
            <property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="60"></property>
            <property name="acquireIncrement">
                <value>5</value>
            </property>
        </bean>
    
       <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
       　　 <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
       　　 <property name="configLocations" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"/>
   　　 </bean>

　　由于使用了 c3p0数据源 和 org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean ，所以我们需要添加c3p0依赖和spring-orm

    <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
          <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
          <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
          <version>0.9.1.2</version>
      </dependency>

　　这时我们需要把hibernate核心配置文件中的jdbc配置删除

　　2、如何使用SessionFactory 

　　　　在spring核心配置文件中加入包扫描

　　　　在类中从ioc容器中获取SessionFactory 

    @Autowired
    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

　　如此就SSH就搭建完成了

六、使用注解代替struts.xml文件

　　1、首先将我们的action包中的action类上添加一个@Controller注解和一个@Scope("prototype")注解

　　2、在类中的方法上面添加@Action(value="add")注解 value的值可以与方法名不一致

　　3、使用注解返回SUCCESS和ERROR,j将下面代码放在方法上面

@Action(value="select",results={@Result(name="success",location="/index.jsp"),@Result(name="error",location="/500.jsp")})

　　4、删除struts.xml核心配置文件

七、SSH添加注解式事务

　　1、在spring的核心配置文件中添加如下代码

     <!-- 事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 开启注解器事务 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
   

　　之后的spring核心配置文件应该是这个样

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">
        
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.blb"/>
    <bean id="AppAction" class="com.blb.action.App"/>
    
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
            <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">
            </property>
            <property name="jdbcUrl"
                value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8">
            </property>
            <property name="user" value="root" />
            <property name="password" value="root" />
            <property name="maxPoolSize" value="20" />
            <property name="minPoolSize" value="2" />
            <property name="initialPoolSize">
                <value>10</value>
            </property>
            <property name="maxIdleTime" value="60" />
            <property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="60"></property>
            <property name="acquireIncrement">
                <value>5</value>
            </property>
        </bean>
    
       <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="configLocations" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"/>
    </bean>
    
       <!-- 事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 开启注解器事务 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
   
</beans>

　　2、在对数据库进行增删改的方法上面加上 

@Transactional(rollbackFor=Exception.class)