SpringBoot与Jpa自定义增删查改

一、引入依赖

<dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>

二、简单的增删查改

model实体类

@Entity
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
public class ProductLoadRecord implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 7676163793637224150L;
    @Id
    private Long id;

    private Long batchId;

    private String code;

    private String name;

    private String content;

    private String status;
    @Column(name = "datatime", columnDefinition = "DATETIME")
    private Date datatime;
    
}

以上的@Entity、@Table、@Column注解的用法可以查阅网址:

https://www.cnblogs.com/softidea/p/6216722.html

dao层

一般简单的增删查改,只需要实现JpaRepository。如果没有提供的方法,可以使用 @Query注解来进行增删查改。

public interface OrderRepository extends JpaRepository<OrderInfo,String> {
    @Query(value="SELECT * from order_info where lock_user_id=?1 AND status=1",nativeQuery=true)
    List<OrderInfo> selectMyOrders(String lockUserId);

    @Modifying
    @Transactional
    @Query(value="UPDATE order_info SET lock_user_id = NULL AND status = 0 WHERE order_id = ?1",nativeQuery = true)
    void unlockOrderByOrderId(String orderId);
}

service层

增删改不难,简单的实例对象分页查询

public Map select(Integer pageNum,Integer pageSize,Province province){
        Page<Province> provinces = provinceRepository.findAll(Example.of(province), PageRequest.of(pageNum - 1, pageSize));
    }

三、复杂的多条件分页查询

model实体类

订单实体类,与商品实体类是一对多的关系

@Data
@Entity
@NoArgsConstructor
public class OrderInfo implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1063821955023696541L;

    @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL,fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    @JoinColumn(name = "orderId")
    private List<GoodsInfo> goodsInfos;
}

dao层

复杂的多条件查询需要实现JpaSpecificationExecutor。

public interface OrderRepository extends JpaRepository<OrderInfo,String>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<OrderInfo> {
  
}

service层

重写specification。下面的代码实现了多条件的两表联查分页查询。

通过条件构造中把各种条件拼接在一起,合并成总条件specification。

public Page<OrderInfo> getOrders(OrderPageQuery orderPageQuery){
        Specification<OrderInfo> specification = new Specification<OrderInfo>() {
            @Override
            public Predicate toPredicate(Root<OrderInfo> root, CriteriaQuery<?> query, CriteriaBuilder cb) {
                // 建立子查询
                Subquery<GoodsInfo> goodsSubquery = query.subquery(GoodsInfo.class);
                Root<GoodsInfo> goodsInfoRoot = goodsSubquery.from(GoodsInfo.class);
                goodsSubquery.select(goodsInfoRoot.get("goodsSku"));
​
                List<Predicate> orderInfo = new ArrayList<Predicate>();
                List<Predicate> goodsInfo = new ArrayList<Predicate>();
                Date createStartDate = orderPageQuery.getCreateStartDate();
                Date createEndDate = orderPageQuery.getCreateEndDate();
                String custName = orderPageQuery.getCustName();
                String goodsName = orderPageQuery.getGoodsName();
                String custType = orderPageQuery.getCustType();
                Integer status = orderPageQuery.getStatus();
                if (createStartDate != null && createEndDate != null) {
                    orderInfo.add(cb.between(root.get("createDt"),createStartDate,createEndDate));
                }
                if(custName != null){
                    orderInfo.add(cb.like(root.get("custName"),"%"+custName+"%"));
                }
                if(goodsName != null){
                    goodsInfo.add(cb.like(goodsInfoRoot.get("goodsName"),"%"+goodsName+"%"));
                }
                if(custType != null){
                    orderInfo.add(cb.equal(root.get("custType").as(String.class),custType));
                }
                if(status != null){
                    orderInfo.add(cb.equal(root.get("status").as(Integer.class),status));
                }
                if(goodsInfo.size() > 0){
                    // 子查询与父查询相关联
                    goodsInfo.add(cb.equal(goodsInfoRoot.get("orderId"),root.get("orderId")));
                    // 拼接过滤条件
                    goodsSubquery.where(goodsInfo.toArray(new Predicate[goodsInfo.size()]));
                    // 和总条件拼接(exists的使用)
                    orderInfo.add(cb.exists(goodsSubquery));
                }
                return query.where(orderInfo.toArray(new Predicate[orderInfo.size()])).getRestriction();
            }
        };
        Page<OrderInfo> orders = orderRepository.findAll(specification, PageRequest.of(orderPageQuery.getPage() - 1, orderPageQuery.getPageSize()));
        return orders;
    }

可以参考下面的网址,一个复杂的查询例子(包含常用的所有查询方法):

https://www.cnblogs.com/g-smile/p/9177841.html

注意:但是这种实现JpaSpecificationExecutor,重写specification的方法,不能单独对表字段查询,例如:

select id,code from order.......,只能相当于select *这样。

四、复杂的多条件分页查询(另一种方法)

实现方式

EntityManager:EntityManager是JPA中用于增删改查的接口,它的作用相当于一座桥梁,连接内存中的java对象和数据库的数据存储。可以用getCriteriaBuilder()的方式获取CriteriaBuilder对象。

CriteriaBuilder接口:用于构造标准查询、复合条件、表达式、排序等。可以通过createQuery的方式获取CriteriaQuery实例。

CriteriaQuery接口:代表一个specific的顶层查询对象,它包含着查询的各个部分,比如:select 、from、where、group by、order by。

Root接口:代表Criteria查询的根对象,定义了实体类型,能为将来导航获得想要的结果,它与SQL查询中的FROM子句类似 。

实现代码

  //通过注解@PersistenceContext注入的方式来获得EntityManager对象
    @PersistenceContext
    private EntityManager entityManager;
 
    public void multiQueryStudent (StudentParam studentParam) {   //studentParam:自定义的查询参数体
        List<String> schoolList = studentParam.getSchoolList();   //查询条件:学校List
        String startDate = studentParam.getStartDate();   //查询条件:出生日期-起
        String endDate = studentParam.getEndDate();   //查询条件:出生日期-止
        CriteriaBuilder cb = entityManager.getCriteriaBuilder();
        //StudentScoreSum指定了查询结果返回至自定义对象
        CriteriaQuery<StudentScoreSum> query = cb.createQuery(StudentScoreSum.class);
        Root<StudentEntity> root = query.from(StudentEntity.class);
        Path<String> schoolPath = root.get("school");
        Path<Integer> scorePath = root.get("score");
        Path<String> namePath = root.get("name");
        Path<String> birthdayPath = root.get("birthday");
        //拼接where条件
        List<Predicate> predicateList = new ArrayList<Predicate>();
        if (schoolList != null && schoolList.size() > 0) {
            CriteriaBuilder.In<String> in = cb.in(schoolPath);
            for (String school : schoolList) {
                in.value(school);
            }
            predicateList.add(in);
        }
        if (startDate != null && !"".equals(startDate)) {
            predicateList.add(cb.greaterThan(birthdayPath, startDate));
        }
        if (endDate != null && !"".equals(endDate)) {
            predicateList.add(cb.lessThan(birthdayPath, endDate));
        }
        Predicate[] predicates = new Predicate[predicateList.size()];
        predicates = predicateList.toArray(predicates);
        //加上where条件
        query.where(predicates);
        //指定查询项,select后面的东西
        query.multiselect(schoolPath, cb.count(root).as(Integer.class), cb.sum(scorePath), namePath, cb.max(scorePath));
        //按学校分组
        query.groupBy(schoolPath);
        //排序
        query.orderBy(cb.desc(cb.max(scorePath)));
        //筛选第一名成绩大于80分的
        query.having(cb.greaterThan(cb.max(scorePath), 80));
        TypedQuery<StudentScoreSum> q = entityManager.createQuery(query);
        List<StudentScoreSum> result = q.getResultList();
        for (StudentScoreSum studentScoreSum : result) {
            //打印查询结果
            System.out.println(studentScoreSum.toString());
        }
    }

具体可以参考下面的网址:

https://blog.csdn.net/liuyunyihao/article/details/81255731

注意:这种实现方式不能返回分页Page给前端,会把所有的数据查询出来,效率慢。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/slivelove/p/9877123.html