网上图书商城项目学习笔记-006验证码功能

一、使用方法

1.jsp中

      <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
        <td>
          <span class="verifyCodeImg"><img id="vCode" width="100" src="<c:url value='/VerifyCodeServlet'/>" /></span>
        </td>
        <td><a href="javascript: _changeVerifyCode()">换一张</a></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>

2.web.xml中配置servlet

  <!-- 生成验证码 -->
  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>VerifyCodeServlet</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>cn.itcast.vcode.servlet.VerifyCodeServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>VerifyCodeServlet</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/VerifyCodeServlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

二、码代码

1.VerifyCodeServlet.java

package cn.itcast.vcode.servlet;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import cn.itcast.vcode.utils.VerifyCode;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class VerifyCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        VerifyCode vc = new VerifyCode();
        BufferedImage image = vc.getImage();//获取一次性验证码图片
        // 该方法必须在getImage()方法之后来调用
//        System.out.println(vc.getText());//获取图片上的文本
        VerifyCode.output(image, response.getOutputStream());//把图片写到指定流中
        
        // 把文本保存到session中，为LoginServlet验证做准备
        request.getSession().setAttribute("vCode", vc.getText());
    }
}

2.VerifyCode.java

package cn.itcast.vcode.utils;

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

public class VerifyCode {
    private int w = 70;
    private int h = 35;
     private Random r = new Random();
     // {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "华文新魏", "华文隶书", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"}
    private String[] fontNames  = {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"};
    private String codes  = "23456789abcdefghjkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";
    private Color bgColor  = new Color(255, 255, 255);
    private String text ;
    
    private Color randomColor () {
        int red = r.nextInt(150);
        int green = r.nextInt(150);
        int blue = r.nextInt(150);
        return new Color(red, green, blue);
    }
    
    private Font randomFont () {
        int index = r.nextInt(fontNames.length);
        String fontName = fontNames[index];
        int style = r.nextInt(4);
        int size = r.nextInt(5) + 24; 
        return new Font(fontName, style, size);
    }
    
    private void drawLine (BufferedImage image) {
        int num  = 3;
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
        for(int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
            int x1 = r.nextInt(w);
            int y1 = r.nextInt(h);
            int x2 = r.nextInt(w);
            int y2 = r.nextInt(h); 
            g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F)); 
            g2.setColor(Color.BLUE); 
            g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
        }
    }
    
    private char randomChar () {
        int index = r.nextInt(codes.length());
        return codes.charAt(index);
    }
    
    private BufferedImage createImage () {
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); 
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics(); 
        g2.setColor(this.bgColor);
        g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
         return image;
    }
    
    public BufferedImage getImage () {
        BufferedImage image = createImage(); 
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        // 向图片中画4个字符
        for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++)  {
            String s = randomChar() + ""; 
            sb.append(s); 
            float x = i * 1.0F * w / 4; 
            g2.setFont(randomFont()); 
            g2.setColor(randomColor()); 
            g2.drawString(s, x, h-5); 
        }
        this.text = sb.toString(); 
        drawLine(image); 
        return image;        
    }
    
    public String getText () {
        return text;
    }
    
    public static void output (BufferedImage image, OutputStream out) 
                throws IOException {
        ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);
    }
}