leetcode算法题基础(二十九)trie(一)211. 添加与搜索单词

请你设计一个数据结构,支持 添加新单词 和 查找字符串是否与任何先前添加的字符串匹配 。

实现词典类 WordDictionary :

WordDictionary() 初始化词典对象
void addWord(word) 将 word 添加到数据结构中,之后可以对它进行匹配
bool search(word) 如果数据结构中存在字符串与 word 匹配,则返回 true ;否则,返回  false 。word 中可能包含一些 '.' ,每个 . 都可以表示任何一个字母。
 

示例:

输入:
["WordDictionary","addWord","addWord","addWord","search","search","search","search"]
[[],["bad"],["dad"],["mad"],["pad"],["bad"],[".ad"],["b.."]]
输出:
[null,null,null,null,false,true,true,true]

解释:
WordDictionary wordDictionary = new WordDictionary();
wordDictionary.addWord("bad");
wordDictionary.addWord("dad");
wordDictionary.addWord("mad");
wordDictionary.search("pad"); // return False
wordDictionary.search("bad"); // return True
wordDictionary.search(".ad"); // return True
wordDictionary.search("b.."); // return True
 

提示:

1 <= word.length <= 500
addWord 中的 word 由小写英文字母组成
search 中的 word 由 '.' 或小写英文字母组成
最调用多 50000 次 addWord 和 search

来源:力扣(LeetCode)
链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/design-add-and-search-words-data-structure
著作权归领扣网络所有。商业转载请联系官方授权,非商业转载请注明出处。

class WordDictionary:

    def __init__(self):
        """
        Initialize your data structure here.
        """
        from collections import defaultdict
        self.lookup = {}
        

    def addWord(self, word: str) -> None:
        """
        Adds a word into the data structure.
        """
        tree = self.lookup
        for a in word:
            tree = tree.setdefault(a, {})
        tree["#"] = {}
        

    def search(self, word: str) -> bool:
        """
        Returns if the word is in the data structure. A word could contain the dot character '.' to represent any one letter.
        """
        
        def helper(word, tree):
            if not word:
                if "#" in tree:
                    return True
                return False
            if word[0] == ".":
                for t in tree:
                    if helper(word[1:], tree[t]):
                        return True
            elif word[0] in tree:
                if helper(word[1:], tree[word[0]]):
                    return True
            return False
        return helper(word, self.lookup)

本文来自博客园,作者:秋华,转载请注明原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/qiu-hua/p/14004096.html

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/qiu-hua/p/14004096.html