iOS进阶:Objective-C runtime(一)

  第一次看到runtime时,觉得太高大上,动态获取方法、属性等简直厉害的不要不要的。在经过查找资料+实践后,发现runtime并没有想象中那么复杂,接下来对runtime进行基本的介绍。

  要使用运行时方法需要引入runtime.h文件

  一、基础知识  

  Method :成员方法

  Ivar : 成员变量

  二、常用方法

  class_copyPropertyList : 获取属性列表

  class_copyMethodList : 获取成员方法列表

  class_copyIvarList:获取成员变量列表

  ivar_getName:获取变量名

  property_getName:获取属性名

  使用示例:

  1.获取成员变量列表

//1.获取变量list
        unsigned int ivarCount = 0; //成员变量数
        Ivar *ivarList = class_copyIvarList([self class], &ivarCount);//ivar数组
        
        for (int i = 0; i < ivarCount; i++) {//遍历
            Ivar ivar = ivarList[i]; //获取ivar
            const char *name = ivar_getName(ivar);//获取变量名
            NSString *key = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:name];
            NSLog(@"%@", key);

        }

      free(ivarList);
 

  2.获取属性列表

unsigned int count = 0;
    objc_property_t *propertList = class_copyPropertyList([self class], &count);
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        objc_property_t property = propertList[i];
        const char *name = property_getName(property);
        const char *attrs = property_getAttributes(property);
//        property_copyAttributeValue(,) 第一个参数为objc_property_t,第二个参数"V"获取变量名,"T"获取类型
        const char *value = property_copyAttributeValue(property, "V");
        NSLog(@"name = %s, attrs = %s, value = %s", name, attrs, value);
    }

    free(propertList);

  3.获取方法列表 

unsigned int count = 0;
    Method *methodList = class_copyMethodList([self class], &count);
    for (int i = 0 ; i < count; i++) {
        Method method = methodList[i];
        SEL selector = method_getName(method);//方法入口
        const char *sel_name = sel_getName(selector);
        NSLog(@"方法名 %s", sel_name);
    }
    free(methodList);

  三、使用方向:归档、字典<---->模型、框架封装等

  实现归档

  

#define WKCodingImplementing 
- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder 
{ 
    unsigned int ivarCount = 0; 
    Ivar *ivarList = class_copyIvarList([self class], &ivarCount); 
    for (int i = 0; i < ivarCount; i++) { 
        Ivar ivar = ivarList[i]; 
        const char *name = ivar_getName(ivar); 
        const char *type = ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar); 
        NSLog(@"%s-----%s", name, type); 
        NSString *key = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:name]; 
        id value = [self valueForKey:key]; 
        [aCoder encodeObject:value forKey:key]; 
    } 
    free(ivarList); 
} 
- (nullable instancetype)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder 
{ 
    if (self = [super init]) { 
        unsigned int ivarCount = 0; 
        Ivar *ivarList = class_copyIvarList([self class], &ivarCount); 
        for (int i = 0; i < ivarCount; i++) { 
            Ivar ivar = ivarList[i]; 
            const char *name = ivar_getName(ivar); 
            NSString *key = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:name]; 
            NSLog(@"%@ %@", key, value); 
            id value = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:key]; 
            [self setValue:value forKey:key]; 
        } 
    } 
    return self; 
}

 

  

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/pretty-guy/p/4860265.html