使用impala操作kudu之创建kudu表(内部表和外部表)

依次启动HDFS、mysql、hive、kudu、impala

登录impala的shell控制端:

Impala-shell

1:使用该impala-shell命令启动Impala Shell 。默认情况下,impala-shell 尝试连接到localhost端口21000 上的Impala守护程序。要连接到其他主机,请使用该-i <host:port>选项。要自动连接到特定的Impala数据库,请使用该-d <database>选项。例如,如果您的所有Kudu表都位于数据库中的Impala中impala_kudu,则-d impala_kudu可以使用此数据库。
2:要退出Impala Shell,请使用以下命令: quit;

 

使用Impala创建新的Kudu表时,可以将该表创建为内部表或外部表。

内部表

内部表由Impala管理,当您从Impala中删除时,数据和表确实被删除。当您使用Impala创建新表时,它通常是内部表。

使用impala创建内部表:

CREATE TABLE my_first_table
(
  id BIGINT,
  name STRING,
  PRIMARY KEY(id)
)
PARTITION BY HASH PARTITIONS 16
STORED AS KUDU
TBLPROPERTIES (
  'kudu.master_addresses' = 'hadoop01:7051,hadoop02:7051,hadoop03:7051', 
  'kudu.table_name' = 'my_first_table'
);

CREATE TABLE 语句中,必须首先列出构成主键的列。

 

此时创建的表是内部表,从impala删除表的时候,在底层存储的kudu也会删除表

drop table if exists my_first_table;

使用 CREATE TABLE ... AS SELECT 语句查询 Impala 中的任何其他表或表来创建表

准备kudu表和数据,使用java创建kudu表以及插入数据:

创建kudu表:

import org.apache.kudu.ColumnSchema;
import org.apache.kudu.Schema;
import org.apache.kudu.Type;
import org.apache.kudu.client.CreateTableOptions;
import org.apache.kudu.client.KuduClient;
import org.apache.kudu.client.KuduException;

import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;

public class CreateTable {
    private static ColumnSchema newColumn(String name, Type type, boolean iskey) {
        ColumnSchema.ColumnSchemaBuilder column = new ColumnSchema.ColumnSchemaBuilder(name, type);
        column.key(iskey);
        return column.build();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws KuduException {
        // master地址
        final String masteraddr = "hadoop01,hadoop02,hadoop03";
        // 创建kudu的数据库链接
        KuduClient client = new KuduClient.KuduClientBuilder(masteraddr).defaultSocketReadTimeoutMs(6000).build();

        // 设置表的schema
        List<ColumnSchema> columns = new LinkedList<ColumnSchema>();
        columns.add(newColumn("CompanyId", Type.INT32, true));
        columns.add(newColumn("WorkId", Type.INT32, false));
        columns.add(newColumn("Name", Type.STRING, false));
        columns.add(newColumn("Gender", Type.STRING, false));
        columns.add(newColumn("Photo", Type.STRING, false));
        Schema schema = new Schema(columns);
        //创建表时提供的所有选项
        CreateTableOptions options = new CreateTableOptions();
        // 设置表的replica备份和分区规则
        List<String> parcols = new LinkedList<String>();
        parcols.add("CompanyId");

        //设置表的备份数
        options.setNumReplicas(1);
        //设置range分区
        options.setRangePartitionColumns(parcols);
        //设置hash分区和数量
        options.addHashPartitions(parcols, 3);
        try {
            client.createTable("PERSON", schema, options);
        } catch (KuduException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        client.close();
    }
}

插入数据到kudu:

import org.apache.kudu.client.*;
import org.apache.kudu.client.SessionConfiguration.FlushMode;


public class InsertRow {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws KuduException {
        // master地址
        final String masteraddr = "hadoop01,hadoop02,hadoop03";
        // 创建kudu的数据库链接
        KuduClient client = new KuduClient.KuduClientBuilder(masteraddr).build();
        // 打开表
        KuduTable table = client.openTable("PERSON");
        // 创建写session,kudu必须通过session写入
        KuduSession session = client.newSession();
        // 采取Flush方式 手动刷新
        session.setFlushMode(FlushMode.MANUAL_FLUSH);
        session.setMutationBufferSpace(3000);
        for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++) {
            Insert insert = table.newInsert();
            // 设置字段内容
            insert.getRow().addInt("CompanyId", i);
            insert.getRow().addInt("WorkId", i);
            insert.getRow().addString("Name", "lisi" + i);
            insert.getRow().addString("Gender", "male");
            insert.getRow().addString("Photo", "person" + i);
            session.flush();
            session.apply(insert);
        }
        session.close();
        client.close();
    }
}

将kudu中的表映射到impala中:

CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE kudu_PERSON
STORED AS KUDU
TBLPROPERTIES (
  'kudu.master_addresses' = 'hadoop01:7051,hadoop02:7051,hadoop03:7051', 
  'kudu.table_name' = 'PERSON'
);

使用CREATE TABLE ... AS SELECT 创建新表

CREATE TABLE new_table
PRIMARY KEY (companyid)
PARTITION BY HASH(companyid) PARTITIONS 8
STORED AS KUDU
AS SELECT companyid, workid, name ,gender,photo FROM kudu_PERSON;

结果:

[angel1:21000] > CREATE TABLE new_table
               > PRIMARY KEY (companyid)
               > PARTITION BY HASH(companyid) PARTITIONS 8
               > STORED AS KUDU
               > AS SELECT companyid, workid, name ,gender,photo FROM kudu_PERSON;
Query: create TABLE new_table
PRIMARY KEY (companyid)
PARTITION BY HASH(companyid) PARTITIONS 8
STORED AS KUDU
AS SELECT companyid, workid, name ,gender,photo FROM kudu_PERSON
+-------------------+
| summary           |
+-------------------+
| Inserted 9 row(s) |
+-------------------+
Fetched 1 row(s) in 1.05s

外部表

外部表(创建者CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE)不受Impala管理,并且删除此表不会将表从其源位置(此处为Kudu)丢弃。相反,它只会去除Impala和Kudu之间的映射。这是Kudu提供的用于将现有表映射到Impala的语法。

使用java创建一个kudu表:

public class CreateTable {
    private static ColumnSchema newColumn(String name, Type type, boolean iskey) {
        ColumnSchema.ColumnSchemaBuilder column = new ColumnSchema.ColumnSchemaBuilder(name, type);
        column.key(iskey);
        return column.build();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws KuduException {
        // master地址
        final String masteraddr = "hadoop01,hadoop02,hadoop03";
        // 创建kudu的数据库链接
        KuduClient client = new KuduClient.KuduClientBuilder(masteraddr).defaultSocketReadTimeoutMs(6000).build();
        // 设置表的schema
        List<ColumnSchema> columns = new LinkedList<ColumnSchema>();
        columns.add(newColumn("CompanyId", Type.INT32, true));
        columns.add(newColumn("WorkId", Type.INT32, false));
        columns.add(newColumn("Name", Type.STRING, false));
        columns.add(newColumn("Gender", Type.STRING, false));
        columns.add(newColumn("Photo", Type.STRING, false));
        Schema schema = new Schema(columns);
        //创建表时提供的所有选项
        CreateTableOptions options = new CreateTableOptions();
        // 设置表的replica备份和分区规则
        List<String> parcols = new LinkedList<String>();
        parcols.add("CompanyId");
        //设置表的备份数
        options.setNumReplicas(1);
        //设置range分区
        options.setRangePartitionColumns(parcols);
        //设置hash分区和数量
        options.addHashPartitions(parcols, 3);
        try {
            client.createTable("PERSON", schema, options);
        } catch (KuduException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        client.close();
    }
}

使用impala创建外部表 , 将kudu的表映射到impala上:

CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE my_mapping_table
STORED AS KUDU
TBLPROPERTIES (
  'kudu.master_addresses' = 'hadoop01:7051,hadoop02:7051,hadoop03:7051', 
  'kudu.table_name' = 'PERSON'
);
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/niutao/p/10555460.html