POJ 3735 Training little cats 矩阵快速幂

http://poj.org/problem?id=3735

给定一串操作,要这个操作连续执行m次后,最后剩下的值。

记矩阵T为一次操作后的值,那么T^m就是执行m次的值了。(其实这个还不太理解,但是数据一相乘,就是ans)

构造一个0--n的单位矩阵,用第0行作为各个猫的值,这样的话,用A={1,0,0,0}一乘就是每个毛的ans。

构造单位矩阵的意义就是他们矩阵自己相乘的时候,能够保留自己的值。

这个矩阵很分散,0的那些可以特判掉不枚举多一程O(n)了。这需要你的矩阵乘法是一个一个加上去的,而不是集中一起加上去的。

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
#define inf (0x3f3f3f3f)
typedef long long int LL;

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <vector>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <queue>
#include <string>
const int maxn = 100 + 2;
struct Matrix {
    LL a[maxn][maxn];
    int row;
    int col;
};
struct Matrix c; //这个要多次用到,栈分配问题,maxn不能开太大,
struct Matrix matrix_mul  (struct Matrix a,struct Matrix b,int MOD) {
    //求解矩阵a*b%MOD
    struct Matrix c = {0};
    //LL的时候更加是,空间是maxn*maxn的,这样时间用得很多
    c.row=a.row; //行等于第一个矩阵的行
    c.col=b.col; //列等于第二个矩阵的列
    for (int i = 0; i <= a.row; ++i) {
        for (int k = 0; k <= a.col; ++k) {
            if (a.a[i][k]) {//应付稀疏矩阵
                for (int j = 0; j <= b.col; ++j) {
                    c.a[i][j] += a.a[i][k] * b.a[k][j];
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return c;
}
struct Matrix quick_matrix_pow  (struct Matrix ans,struct Matrix base,int n,int MOD) {
    //求解a*b^n%MOD
//    cout << n << endl;
    while (n) {
        if (n&1) {
            ans=matrix_mul(ans,base,MOD);//传数组不能乱传,不满足交换律
        }
        n>>=1;
        base=matrix_mul(base,base,0);
    }
    return ans;
}
int n, m, k;
void work() {
    struct Matrix b = {0};
    b.row = b.col = n;
    for (int i = 0; i <= n; ++i) {
        b.a[i][i] = 1;
    }
    for (int i = 1; i <= k; ++i) {
        char str[11];
        int a, c;
        scanf("%s", str);
        if (str[0] == 'g') {
            scanf("%d", &a);
            ++b.a[0][a];
        } else if (str[0] == 'e') {
            scanf("%d", &a);
            for (int j = 0; j <= n; ++j) {
                b.a[j][a] = 0;
            }
        } else {
            scanf("%d%d", &a, &c);
            for (int j = 0; j <= n; ++j) {
                swap(b.a[j][a], b.a[j][c]);
            }
        }
    }
//    for (int i = 0; i <= n; ++i) {
//        for (int j = 0; j <= n; ++j) {
//            cout << b.a[i][j] << " ";
//        }
//        cout << endl;
//    }
    struct Matrix tt = {0};
    tt.row = 1;
    tt.col = n;
    tt.a[0][0] = 1;
    struct Matrix ans = quick_matrix_pow(tt, b, m, 111);
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
        printf("%lld ", ans.a[0][i]);
    }
    printf("
");
}
int main() {
#ifdef local
    freopen("data.txt","r",stdin);
#endif
    while (scanf("%d%d%d", &n, &m, &k) != EOF && n + m + k) work();
    return 0;
}
View Code
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liuweimingcprogram/p/5942591.html