ReactRouter路由配置

React-Router

参考学习地址: https://reactrouter.com/web/guides/quick-start

// 5 的版本主要是针对 react Hook 做更好的支持

  1. 安装
    npm install react-router-dom --save

  2. 路由的作用
    单页面应用（SPA），路由跳转，切换显示视图

HashRouter与BrowserRouter区别

BrowserRouter：
　　原理是H5的history API，IE9及以下不兼容，需要由web server支持，在web client这边window.location.pathname被react router解析，http://localhost:3000/home

HashRouter：
　　原理是URL的hash，不需要由web server支持，因为它的只有‘/’path需要由web server支持，而#/react/route URL不能被web server读取，在web client这边window,location.hash被react router解析，http://localhost:3000/home#/home

Home.jsx

import React from 'react';


export default class Home extends React.Component {
	render() {
		return <div>Home</div>;
	}
}

Mine.jsx

import React from 'react';


export default class Mine extends React.Component {
	render() {
		return <div>Mine</div>;
	}
}

App.jsx

import React from 'react';

import Home from './pages/Home';

import Mine from './pages/Mine';

// import { BrowserRouter as Router, Route } from 'react-router-dom';

import { HashRouter as Router, Route } from 'react-router-dom';

/**

 * HashRouter: 锚点链接
 * BrowserRouter: h5新特性 / history.push  如果上线之后，需要后台做一些处理：重定向处理  404bug
 */

function App() {
	return (
		<div className="App">
			<Router>
				<Route path="/home" component={Home}></Route>
				<Route path="/mine" component={Mine}></Route>
			</Router>
		</div>
	);
}

export default App;

Link跳转

react-router里的Link标签 和 a 标签有什么区别？？
从最终渲染的Dom来看，两者都是链接，都是标签，区别是：

Link标签： 是react-router里实现路由跳转的链接，一般配合使用，react-router 接管了其默认的链接跳转行为，区别去传统的页面跳转，的”跳转”行为只会触发相匹配的对应的页面内容更新，而不会刷新整个页面。 做了三件事情： 1.有onclick那就执行onclick 2.click的时候阻止a标签默认事件 3.根据跳转href(即是to )，用history（web前端路由两种方式之一，history & hash）跳转，此时只是链接变了，并没有刷新页面
a 标签： 是普通的超链接了，用于从当前页面跳转到href指向的另一个页面（非锚点情况）。

index.jsx

import React from 'react';

import { Link } from 'react-router-dom';



export default class Nav extends React.Component {

	render() {

		return (

			<div>

				<ul>

					<li>

						<Link to="/home">Home页面(Link)</Link>

					</li>
					<li>
						<Link to="/mine">Mine页面(Link)</Link>
					</li>
					<li>
						<a href="#/home">Home页面(a)</a>
					</li>
					<li>
						<a href="#/mine">Mine页面(a)</a>
					</li>
				</ul>
			</div>
		);
	}
}

App.jsx

import React from 'react';

import Home from './pages/Home';
import Mine from './pages/Mine';
// import { BrowserRouter as Router, Route } from 'react-router-dom';
import { HashRouter as Router, Route } from 'react-router-dom';
import Nav from './components/Nav';
/**
 * HashRouter: 秒点链接
 * BrowserRouter: h5新特性 / history.push  如果上线之后，需要后台做一些处理：重定向处理  404bug
 */

function App() {
	return (
		<div className="App">
			<Router>
				<Nav></Nav>
				<Route path="/home" component={Home}></Route>
				<Route path="/mine" component={Mine}></Route>
			</Router>
		</div>
	);
}

export default App;

exact匹配规则和strict精准匹配

exact属性为true时路径中的hash值必须和path完全一致才渲染对应的组件，如果为false则'/'也可以匹配'/xxx';（如果strict属性为false，则末尾是否包含反斜杠结尾不影响匹配结果）

strict属性主要就是匹配反斜杠，规定是否匹配末尾包含反斜杠的路径，如果exact，strict为true，则path中不包含反斜杠结尾。（注意：这个要跟exact配合使用）

总结：如果没有子路由的情况，建议大家配都加一个exact；如果有子路由，建议在子路由中加exact，父路由不加。

添加pages/UCenter.jsx

import React from 'react';

const UCenter = () => {
	return <div>Hello UCenter</div>;
};

export default UCenter;

在components/Nav/index.jsx中引入Link

import React from 'react';
import { Link } from 'react-router-dom';

export default class Nav extends React.Component {
	render() {
		return (
			<div>
				<ul>
					<li>
						<Link to="/">Home页面(Link)</Link>
					</li>
					<li>
						<Link to="/mine">Mine页面(Link)</Link>
					</li>
					<li>
						<Link to="/mine/ucenter">UCenter页面(Link)</Link>
					</li>
					<li>
						<a href="#/home">Home页面(a)</a>
					</li>
					<li>
						<a href="#/mine">Mine页面(a)</a>
					</li>
				</ul>
			</div>
		);
	}
}

App.js中引入UCenter组件

import React from 'react';
import Home from './pages/Home';
import Mine from './pages/Mine';
// import { BrowserRouter as Router, Route } from 'react-router-dom';
import { HashRouter as Router, Route } from 'react-router-dom';
import Nav from './components/Nav';
import UCenter from './pages/UCenter';
/**
 * HashRouter: 秒点链接
 * BrowserRouter: h5新特性 / history.push  如果上线之后，需要后台做一些处理：重定向处理  404bug
 */
/**
 * /mine/ucenter    包含了 /mine
 */
function App() {
	return (
		<div className="App">
			<Router>
				<Nav></Nav>
				<Route exact path="/" component={Home}></Route>
				<Route
					strict
					exact={true}
					path="/mine"
					component={Mine}
				></Route>
				<Route
					strict
					exact
					path="/mine/ucenter"
					component={UCenter}
				></Route>
			</Router>
		</div>
	);
}

export default App;

404页面和Switch

有标签，则其中的在路径相同的情况下，只匹配第一个，这个可以避免重复匹配；
无标签，则其中的在路径相同的情况下全都会匹配。更严重的是，还会匹配上级路径的

添加404页面组件：/pages/NotFound.jsx

import React from 'react';

const NotFound = () => {
	return <div>404页面</div>;
};

export default NotFound;

App.js中引入NotFound组件

import React from 'react';
import Home from './pages/Home';
import Mine from './pages/Mine';
// import { BrowserRouter as Router, Route } from 'react-router-dom';
import { HashRouter as Router, Route, Switch } from 'react-router-dom';
import Nav from './components/Nav';
import UCenter from './pages/UCenter';
import NotFound from './pages/NotFound';
/**
 * HashRouter: 秒点链接
 * BrowserRouter: h5新特性 / history.push  如果上线之后，需要后台做一些处理：重定向处理  404bug
 */
/**
 * /mine/ucenter    包含了 /mine
 */
function App() {
	return (
		<div className="App">
			<Router>
				<Nav></Nav>
				<Switch>
					<Route exact path="/" component={Home}></Route>
					<Route
						strict
						exact={true}
						path="/mine"
						component={Mine}
					></Route>
					<Route
						strict
						exact
						path="/mine/ucenter"
						component={UCenter}
					></Route>
					<Route component={NotFound}></Route>
				</Switch>
			</Router>
		</div>
	);
}

export default App;

render func

新建一个组件pages/Demo.jsx

import React from 'react';

const Demo = (props) => {
	console.log(props);
	return <div>Demo: {props.name}</div>;
};

export default Demo;

App.js

import React from 'react';
import Home from './pages/Home';
import Mine from './pages/Mine';
// import { BrowserRouter as Router, Route } from 'react-router-dom';
import { HashRouter as Router, Route, Switch } from 'react-router-dom';
import Nav from './components/Nav';
import UCenter from './pages/UCenter';
import NotFound from './pages/NotFound';
import Demo from './pages/Demo';
/**
 * HashRouter: 秒点链接
 * BrowserRouter: h5新特性 / history.push  如果上线之后，需要后台做一些处理：重定向处理  404bug
 */
/**
 * /mine/ucenter    包含了 /mine
 */
function App() {
	return (
		<div className="App">
			<Router>
				<Nav></Nav>
				<Switch>
					<Route exact path="/" component={Home}></Route>
					<Route
						strict
						exact={true}
						path="/mine"
						component={Mine}
					></Route>
					<Route
						strict
						exact
						path="/mine/ucenter"
						component={UCenter}
					></Route>
					{/* <Route
						path="/demo"
						render={() => <div>Hello Demo</div>}
					></Route> */}
					<Route
						path="/demo"
						render={(props) => <Demo {...props} name="你好" />}
					></Route>
					<Route component={NotFound}></Route>
				</Switch>
			</Router>
		</div>
	);
}

export default App;

components/Nav/index.jsx

import React from 'react';
import { NavLink } from 'react-router-dom';
import './style.css';

export default class Nav extends React.Component {
	render() {
		return (
			<div>
				<ul>
					<li>
						<NavLink
							activeClassName="selected"
							activeStyle={{ color: 'green' }}
							exact
							to="/"
						>
							Home页面(Link)
						</NavLink>
					</li>
					<li>
						<NavLink activeClassName="selected" exact to="/mine">
							Mine页面(Link)
						</NavLink>
					</li>
					<li>
						<NavLink
							activeClassName="selected"
							exact
							to="/mine/ucenter"
						>
							UCenter页面(Link)
						</NavLink>
					</li>
					<li>
						<a href="#/home">Home页面(a)</a>
					</li>
					<li>
						<a href="#/mine">Mine页面(a)</a>
					</li>
				</ul>
			</div>
		);
	}
}

components/Nav/style.css

.selected{
    color: red;
}

App.js

import React from 'react';
import Home from './pages/Home';
import Mine from './pages/Mine';
// import { BrowserRouter as Router, Route } from 'react-router-dom';
import { HashRouter as Router, Route, Switch } from 'react-router-dom';
import Nav from './components/Nav';
import UCenter from './pages/UCenter';
import NotFound from './pages/NotFound';
import Demo from './pages/Demo';
/**
 * HashRouter: 秒点链接
 * BrowserRouter: h5新特性 / history.push  如果上线之后，需要后台做一些处理：重定向处理  404bug
 */
/**
 * /mine/ucenter    包含了 /mine
 */
function App() {
	return (
		<div className="App">
			<Router>
				<Nav></Nav>
				<Switch>
					<Route exact path="/" component={Home}></Route>
					<Route
						strict
						exact={true}
						path="/mine"
						component={Mine}
					></Route>
					<Route
						strict
						exact
						path="/mine/ucenter"
						component={UCenter}
					></Route>
					{/* <Route
						path="/demo"
						render={() => <div>Hello Demo</div>}
					></Route> */}
					<Route
						path="/demo"
						render={(props) => <Demo {...props} name="你好" />}
					></Route>
					<Route component={NotFound}></Route>
				</Switch>
			</Router>
		</div>
	);
}

export default App;

Parameters

App.js

import React from 'react';
import Home from './pages/Home';
import Mine from './pages/Mine';
// import { BrowserRouter as Router, Route } from 'react-router-dom';
import { HashRouter as Router, Route, Switch } from 'react-router-dom';
import Nav from './components/Nav';
import UCenter from './pages/UCenter';
import NotFound from './pages/NotFound';
import Demo from './pages/Demo';
/**
 * HashRouter: 秒点链接
 * BrowserRouter: h5新特性 / history.push  如果上线之后，需要后台做一些处理：重定向处理  404bug
 */
/**
 * /mine/ucenter    包含了 /mine
 */
function App() {
	return (
		<div className="App">
			<Router>
				<Nav></Nav>
				<Switch>
					<Route exact path="/" component={Home}></Route>
					<Route
						strict
						exact={true}
						path="/mine"
						component={Mine}
					></Route>
					<Route
						strict
						exact
						path="/mine/ucenter/:id?/:name?"
						component={UCenter}
					></Route>
					{/* <Route
						path="/demo"
						render={() => <div>Hello Demo</div>}
					></Route> */}
					<Route
						path="/demo"
						render={(props) => <Demo {...props} name="你好" />}
					></Route>
					<Route component={NotFound}></Route>
				</Switch>
			</Router>
		</div>
	);
}

export default App;

components/Nav/index.jsx

import React from 'react';
import { NavLink } from 'react-router-dom';
import './style.css';

export default class Nav extends React.Component {
	render() {
		return (
			<div>
				<ul>
					<li>
						<NavLink
							activeClassName="selected"
							activeStyle={{ color: 'green' }}
							exact
							to="/"
						>
							Home页面(Link)
						</NavLink>
					</li>
					<li>
						<NavLink activeClassName="selected" exact to="/mine">
							Mine页面(Link)
						</NavLink>
					</li>
					<li>
						<NavLink
							activeClassName="selected"
							exact
							to="/mine/ucenter/1001/liang"
						>
							UCenter页面(Link)
						</NavLink>
					</li>
					<li>
						<a href="#/home">Home页面(a)</a>
					</li>
					<li>
						<a href="#/mine">Mine页面(a)</a>
					</li>
				</ul>
			</div>
		);
	}
}

pages/UCenter.jsx

import React from 'react';

const UCenter = (props) => {
	return (
		<div>
			Hello UCenter: {props.match.params.id} - {props.match.params.name}
		</div>
	);
};

export default UCenter;

React-Router querystring读取参数

另外一种传参
pages/UCenter.jsx

import React from 'react';
import querystring from 'querystring';

const UCenter = (props) => {
  const params = new URLSearchParams(props.location.search)
  console.log(params);
  console.log(params.get('name'));

  const value = querystring.parse(props.location.search);
  console.log(value);

	return (
		<div>
			Hello UCenter: {props.match.params.id} - {props.match.params.name}
		</div>
	);
};

export default UCenter;

持续更新中......

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/lhongsen/p/14410233.html