86) 离线二进制安装kubernetes v1.18.5 生产CI-CD环境 [1. 环境部署篇]

1- 环境规划说明

1.1- 系统环境

  • 节点信息
节点角色 主机名 IP cpu ram disk kernel 组件
master/worker master 192.168.23.135 2 8G 80G kernel-lt-4.4.227 etcd
docker
flannel
kube-scheduler
kube-controller-mananger
kube-apiserver
kubelet
kube-proxy

minio
nfs
docker repository
worker node-1 192.168.23.136 2 8G 80G kernel-lt-4.4.227 etcd
docker
flannel
kubelet
kube-proxy
worker node-2 192.168.23.137 2 8G 80G kernel-lt-4.4.227 etcd
docker
flannel
kubelet
kube-proxy

1.2- 集群架构

1.3- 组件版本

组件 版本 二进制包下载地址
kubernetes v1.18.5 https://dl.k8s.io/v1.18.5/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
docker-ce 18.03 https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-18.03.0-ce.tgz
flannel 0.11 https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases/download/v0.11.0/flannel-v0.11.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
etcd 3.3.10 https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.3.10/etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mino https://dl.min.io/server/minio/release/linux-amd64/minio
cfssl 1.12.0 https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
kubernetes-dashboard 2.0.3 https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.3/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
kernel-lt-4.4.227 4.4.227 https://elrepo.org/linux/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/

组件百度云下载地址：

2- 环境准备[所有节点]

2.1- 系统环境初始化

  • 下载软件包上传到服务器[master]
cd /tmp
[root@master tmp]# ls
k8s-software.tar.gz
  • 解压包
tar -xvf k8s-software.tar.gz
ls -l

dr-xr-x--- 2 1001  513         58 Jul 24 18:51 cfssl-1.12.0     
-r-xr-x--- 1 1001  513     378880 Jun 26 01:59 codedns.tar.gz 
-r-xr-x--- 1 1001  513       7552 Jul  5 18:50 dashboard-v2.0.3.yaml
dr-xr-x--- 2 1001  513        177 Jul 24 18:52 docker-ce-18.03
dr-xr-x--- 2 1001  513         33 Jul 24 18:52 etcd-3.3.10
dr-xr-x--- 2 1001  513         47 Jul 24 18:52 flannel-0.11
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1056826368 Jul 25 01:56 k8s-software.tar.gz
-r-xr-x--- 1 1001  513   41209720 Jun 29 10:19 kernel-lt-4.4.227-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
-r-xr-x--- 1 1001  513   10711232 Jun 29 10:18 kernel-lt-devel-4.4.227-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
dr-xr-x--- 2 1001  513        175 Jul 24 18:52 kubernetes-v.1.18.5
-r-xr-x--- 1 1001  513       4687 Jul  5 19:07 kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
-r-xr-x--- 1 1001  513  227409920 Jul  5 19:07 kubernetesui-dashboard-v2.0.3.tar.gz
-r-xr-x--- 1 1001  513   36961280 Jul  5 19:07 kubernetesui-metrics-scraper-v1.0.4.tar.gz
-r-xr-x--- 1 1001  513     765440 Jun 26 19:31 pause-amd64-3.0.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   26806784 Jul 25 02:01 registry.tar.gz
  • 关闭防火墙和selinux
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0
sed -i.bak 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
  • 禁用swap分区
swapoff -a
sed -i.bak '/ swap / s/^(.*)$/#1/g' /etc/fstab
  • 升级内核到4.4版本
wget     ##下载内核rpm包
yum localinstall -y kernel-lt-*
sed -i 'ssavedg' /etc/default/grub
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

2.2- 内核参数优化

  • 加载内核模块
systemctl enable rc-local
chmod a+x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
systemctl restart rc-local

cat >> /etc/rc.local  << EOF
modprobe ip_vs_rr
modprobe br_netfilter
EOF
  • 使用systemd-modules-load加载内核模块
cat > /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf << EOF
ip_vs_rr
br_netfilter
EOF

systemctl enable --now systemd-modules-load.service
  • 内核参数优化
cat >/etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf <<EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=0
vm.swappiness=0
vm.overcommit_memory=1
vm.panic_on_oom=0
fs.inotify.max_user_instances=8192
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=1048576
fs.file-max=52706963
fs.nr_open=52706963
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720
EOF

sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf
  • 重启系统
reboot

3- 创建自签证书[master节点]

3.1- 创建环境

  • 创建环境文件夹
mkdir -p /opt/{etcd,k8s}
mkdir -p /opt/etcd/{bin,tsl,config}
mkdir -p /opt/k8s/{bin,tsl,config}
  • 下载cfssl自签工具
cp /tmp/cfssl-1.12.0/cfssl* /usr/sbin/

3.2- 创建etd证书

  • 创建ca证书
cd /opt/etcd/tsl/
cfssl print-defaults csr > etcd-ca.json
##修改etcd-ca.json
cat etcd-ca.json
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
        "192.168.23.135",
        "192.168.23.136",
        "192.168.23.137",
        "127.0.0.1"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Shenzhen",
            "ST": "Nanshan"
        }
    ]
}

## 初始化ca-key
cfssl gencert -initca etcd-ca.json |cfssljson -bare etcd-ca -

ls *pem
etcd-ca-key.pem  etcd-ca.pem
  • 创建颁发集群服务器的证书
cfssl print-defaults csr > etcd-server-csr.json
cat etcd-server-csr.json
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
        "192.168.23.135",
        "192.168.23.136",
        "192.168.23.137",
        "127.0.0.1"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Shenzhen",
            "ST": "Nanshan"
        }
    ]
}



cfssl print-defaults config > etcd-ca-config.json
cat etcd-ca-config.json
{
    "signing": {
        "default": {
            "expiry": "87600h"
        },
        "profiles": {
            "etcd": {
                "expiry": "87600h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "server auth"
                ]
            },
            "client": {
                "expiry": "87600h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "client auth"
                ]
            }
        }
    }
}

cfssl gencert -ca=etcd-ca.pem -ca-key=etcd-ca-key.pem -config=etcd-ca-config.json --profile=etcd  etcd-server-csr.json |cfssljson -bare etcd-server -


ls etcd*server*pem
etcd-server-key.pem  etcd-server.pem

3.3- 创建k8s证书

cd /opt/k8s/tsl/
  • 创建ca证书
cfssl print-defaults csr > k8s-ca.json
cat k8s-ca.json
{
    "CN": "k8s",
    "hosts": [
        "192.168.23.135",
        "192.168.23.136",
        "192.168.23.137",
        "127.0.0.1"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Shenzhen",
            "ST": "Nanshan"
        }
    ]
}

cfssl gencert -initca k8s-ca.json |cfssljson -bare k8s-ca -



cfssl print-defaults config  > k8s-ca-config.json
cat k8s-ca-config.json
{
    "signing": {
        "default": {
            "expiry": "87600h"
        },
        "profiles": {
            "k8s": {
                "expiry": "87600h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "server auth"
                ]
            },
            "client": {
                "expiry": "87600h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "client auth"
                ]
            }
        }
    }
}
  • 创建kube-apiserver证书
cfssl print-defaults csr > k8s-apiserver.json

cat k8s-apiserver.json
{
    "CN": "k8s",
    "hosts": [
        "127.0.0.1",
        "192.168.23.135",
        "192.168.23.136",
        "192.168.23.137",
        "kubernetes",
        "kubernetes.default",
        "kubernetes.default.svc",
        "kubernetes.default.svc.k8s",
        "kubernetes.default.svc.k8s.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Shenzhen",
            "ST": "Nanshan",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}

cfssl gencert -ca=k8s-ca.pem -ca-key=k8s-ca-key.pem -config=k8s-ca-config.json -profile=k8s k8s-apiserver.json |cfssljson -bare k8s-apiserver -

ls k8s-apiserver*pem
k8s-apiserver-key.pem  k8s-apiserver.pem
  • 创建k8s-apiserver证书
cfssl print-defaults csr > k8s-proxy.json
cat  k8s-proxy.json
{
    "CN": "k8s",
    "hosts": [
        "127.0.0.1",
        "192.168.23.135",
        "192.168.23.136",
        "192.168.23.137"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Shenzhen",
            "ST": "Nanshan",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}

cfssl gencert -ca=k8s-ca.pem -ca-key=k8s-ca-key.pem -config=k8s-ca-config.json -profile=k8s k8s-proxy.json |cfssljson -bare k8s-proxy -

ls k8s-proxy*pem
k8s-proxy-key.pem  k8s-proxy.pem

4- 安装etcd集群[master节点]

4.1- 创建集群文件

  • 下载上传etcd二进制文件[master节点]
hostnamectl set-hostname master
cp /tmp/etcd-3.3.10/etcd* /opt/etcd/bin/

cd /opt/etcd/bin/
[root@master bin]# ls
etcd  etcdctl
  • 创建etcd配置文件
vim /opt/etcd/config/etcd.cfg
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd01"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.23.135:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.23.135:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.23.135:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.23.135:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://192.168.23.135:2380,etcd02=https://192.168.23.136:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.23.137:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
  • 创建 etcd的 systemd unit 文件
[root@master bin]# cat /opt/etcd/config/etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/config/etcd.cfg
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd 
--name=${ETCD_NAME} 
--data-dir=${ETCD_DATA_DIR} 
--listen-peer-urls=${ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS} 
--listen-client-urls=${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS},http://127.0.0.1:2379 
--advertise-client-urls=${ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS} 
--initial-advertise-peer-urls=${ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS} 
--initial-cluster=${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER} 
--initial-cluster-token=${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN} 
--initial-cluster-state=new 
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-server.pem 
--key-file=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-server-key.pem 
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-server.pem 
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-server-key.pem 
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-ca.pem 
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-ca.pem
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

4.2- 启动集群

  • 配置文件拷贝到 node-1,node-2[master节点]
scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.23.136:/opt/
scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.23.137:/opt/
  • 拷贝systemd服务器文件[master节点]
ln -s /opt/etcd/config/etcd.service  /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
  • 修改另外两台机器配置文件[node1节点]
hostnamectl set-hostname node-1

[root@node-1 ~]# cat /opt/etcd/config/etcd.cfg
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd02"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.23.136:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.23.136:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.23.136:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.23.136:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://192.168.23.135:2380,etcd02=https://192.168.23.136:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.23.137:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
  • 修改另外两台机器配置文件[node-2节点]
hostnamectl set-hostname node-2
[root@node-2 ~]# cat /opt/etcd/config/etcd.cfg
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd03"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.23.137:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.23.137:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.23.137:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.23.137:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://192.168.23.135:2380,etcd02=https://192.168.23.136:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.23.137:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

ln -s /opt/etcd/config/etcd.service  /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
  • 启动etcd服务[所有节点]
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable etcd
systemctl start etcd
#启动ETCD集群同时启动二个节点，单节点是无法正常启动的。
  • 检查集群服务健康[任意节点]
[root@master bin]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-ca.pem --cert-file=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-server.pem --key-file=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.23.135:2379,https:/192.168.23.136:2379,https://192.168.23.137:2379" cluster-health
member f605c94d9a81d1 is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.23.136:2379
member 1d4ca791a3f37e9a is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.23.135:2379
member 50da4142886026dc is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.23.137:2379
cluster is healthy
  • 检查集群成员[任意节点]
[root@master bin]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-ca.pem --cert-file=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-server.pem --key-file=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.23.135:2379,https:/192.168.23.136:2379,https://192.168.23.137:2379" member list
f605c94d9a81d1: name=etcd02 peerURLs=https://192.168.23.136:2380 clientURLs=https://192.168.23.136:2379 isLeader=false
1d4ca791a3f37e9a: name=etcd01 peerURLs=https://192.168.23.135:2380 clientURLs=https://192.168.23.135:2379 isLeader=true
50da4142886026dc: name=etcd03 peerURLs=https://192.168.23.137:2380 clientURLs=https://192.168.23.137:2379 isLeader=false

5- 安装容器环境组件[master节点]

5.1- 安装flanneld组件

  • 向 etcd 写入集群 Pod 网段信息

pod网络规划为：172.10.0.0/16

[root@master bin]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-ca.pem --cert-file=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-server.pem --key-file=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.23.135:2379,https:/192.168.23.136:2379,https://192.168.23.137:2379" set /k8s-pod/network/config '{"Network":"172.10.0.0/16","Backend":{"Type":"vxlan"}}'
{"Network":"172.10.0.0/16","Backend":{"Type":"vxlan"}}

参数说明：写入的 Pod 网段 ${CLUSTER_CIDR} 必须是 /16 段地址，必须与 kube-controller-manager 的 --cluster-cidr 参数值一致；

  • 创建flannel配置二进制文件
mkdir -p /opt/flanneld/{bin,config}

cp /tmp/flannel-0.11/* /opt/flannel/bin/

cd /opt/flanneld/bin


[root@master bin]# ls
flanneld  mk-docker-opts.sh
  • 创建flannel配置文件
vim /opt/flanneld/config/flenneld.cfg

FLANNEL_OPTIONS="-etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-ca.pem 
-etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-server.pem 
-etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-server-key.pem 
-iface=ens33 
-etcd-prefix=/k8s-pod/network 
-etcd-endpoints=https://192.168.23.135:2379,https://192.168.23.136:2379,https://192.168.23.137:2379"
  • 创建flanneld 的 systemd unit 文件
vim  /opt/flanneld/config/flanneld.service
[Unit]
Description=Flanneld overlay address etcd agent
After=network-online.target network.target
Before=docker.service

[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/flannel/config/flanneld.cfg
ExecStart=/opt/flannel/bin/flanneld --ip-masq $FLANNEL_OPTIONS
ExecStartPost=/opt/flannel/bin/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS -d /run/flannel/subnet.env
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

ln -s /opt/flannel/config/flanneld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service

写入的 Pod 网段 ${CLUSTER_CIDR} 必须是 /16 段地址，必须与 kube-controller-manager 的 --cluster-cidr 参数值一致；

  • 拷贝配置文件到各节点
scp -r /opt/flannel/ root@192.168.23.136:/opt/   [master]
scp -r /opt/flannel/ root@192.168.23.137:/opt/	 [master]
ln -s /opt/flannel/config/flanneld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service
ln -s /opt/flannel/config/flanneld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service
  • 启动flannel[所有几点]
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart flanneld
systemctl enable flanneld

5.2- 安装docker-ce 18.03[master节点]

  • 下载二进制包
mkdir -p /opt/docker/config/
cp /tmp/docker-ce-18.03/docker* /usr/sbin/
  • 创建的 systemd unit 文件
vim  /opt/docker/config/docker.service

[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/run/flannel/subnet.env
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/dockerd  $DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
  • 配置docker参数
cat > daemon.json <<EOF
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://wbuj86p5.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}
EOF
  • 拷贝二进制和配置文件到其他节点
scp  /usr/sbin/docker* root@192.168.23.136:/usr/sbin/
scp  /usr/sbin/docker* root@192.168.23.137:/usr/sbin/

scp -r /opt/docker/ root@192.168.23.136:/opt/
scp -r /opt/docker/ root@192.168.23.137:/opt/
  • 启动docker服务[所有节点]
mkdir -p /etc/docker/
ln -s /opt/docker/config/daemon.json /etc/docker/daemon.json

ln -s /opt/docker/config/docker.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker
systemctl enable docker

5.3- 检查验证flanneld和docker服务[所有节点]

  • flanneld
[root@node-1 ~]# ifconfig flannel.1|grep inet
        inet 172.10.14.0  netmask 255.255.255.255  broadcast 0.0.0.0
  • docker网桥
[root@node-1 ~]# ifconfig docker0|grep inet
        inet 172.10.14.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.10.14.255
  • docker info
[root@node-1 ~]# docker info|egrep 'Cgroup|Network'
Cgroup Driver: systemd
 Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay

至此所有非k8s的组件环境安装完成！

检查所有服务必须正常

  • node-1
[root@node-1 ~]# systemctl status etcd flanneld docker|grep running
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-07-23 15:54:10 CST; 7min ago
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-07-23 15:54:10 CST; 7min ago
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-07-23 15:54:11 CST; 7min ago
  • node-2
[root@master ~]# systemctl status etcd flanneld docker|grep running
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-07-23 15:54:08 CST; 8min ago
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-07-23 15:54:08 CST; 8min ago
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-07-23 15:54:09 CST; 8min ago
  • master
[root@node-2 ~]# systemctl status etcd flanneld docker|grep running
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-07-23 15:54:08 CST; 8min ago
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-07-23 15:54:08 CST; 8min ago
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-07-23 15:54:09 CST; 8min ago

6- 安装master节点组件[master]

kubernetes master 节点运行如下组件：
kube-apiserver
kube-scheduler
kube-controller-manager
kube-scheduler 和 kube-controller-manager 可以以集群模式运行，通过 leader 选举产生一个工作进程，其它进程处于阻塞模式。

6.1- 安装 kube-apiserver 组件

  • 创建 TLS Bootstrapping Token
cd /opt/k8s/config/

[root@master config]# head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
2c1e270afcd5440611fd76ee3faab593

vim k8s-token.csv

2c1e270afcd5440611fd76ee3faab593,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
  • 创建apiserver配置文件
vim kube-apiserver.cfg
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true 
--v=4 
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.23.135:2379,https://192.168.23.136:2379,https://192.168.23.137:2379 
--bind-address=192.168.23.135 
--secure-port=6443 
--advertise-address=192.168.23.135 
--allow-privileged=true 
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction 
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node 
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth 
--token-auth-file=/opt/k8s/config/k8s-token.csv 
--service-node-port-range=30000-50000 
--tls-cert-file=/opt/k8s/tsl/k8s-apiserver.pem  
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/k8s/tsl/k8s-apiserver-key.pem 
--client-ca-file=/opt/k8s/tsl/k8s-ca.pem 
--service-account-key-file=/opt/k8s/tsl/k8s-ca-key.pem 
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-ca.pem 
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-server.pem 
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/tsl/etcd-server-key.pem"
  • 创建 kube-apiserver systemd unit 文件
vim kube-apiserver.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/k8s/config/kube-apiserver.cfg
ExecStart=/opt/k8s/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
  • 拷贝二进制文件
cp /tmp/kubernetes-v.1.18.5/kube-apiserver /opt/k8s/bin/
  • 启动服务
ln -s /opt/k8s/config/kube-apiserver.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-apiserver
systemctl restart kube-apiserver
  • 检查服务运行情况

ps: 如果出现错误则先处理错误后在部署下一个组件。

[root@master config]# systemctl status kube-apiserver
● kube-apiserver.service - Kubernetes API Server
   Loaded: loaded (/opt/k8s/config/kube-apiserver.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-07-23 17:07:25 CST; 5min ago
     Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
 Main PID: 4911 (kube-apiserver)
   CGroup: /system.slice/kube-apiserver.service
           └─4911 /opt/k8s/bin/kube-apiserver --logtostderr=true --v=4 --etcd-servers=https://192.168.23.135:2379,https://192.168.23.136:2379,https://192.168.23.137:2379 --bind-addre...

6.2- 部署kube-scheduler

  • 创建kube-scheduler配置文件
vim kube-scheduler.cfg
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true --v=4 --master=127.0.0.1:8080 --leader-elect"

--address：在 127.0.0.1:10251 端口接收 http /metrics 请求；kube-scheduler 目前还不支持接收 https 请求；

  • 创建kube-scheduler systemd unit 文件
vim kube-scheduler.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/k8s/config/kube-scheduler.cfg
ExecStart=/opt/k8s/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
  • 拷贝二进制文件
cp /tmp/kubernetes-v.1.18.5/kube-scheduler /opt/k8s/bin/
  • 启动服务
ln -s /opt/k8s/config/kube-scheduler.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl enable kube-scheduler
  • 检查服务
[root@master config]# systemctl status kube-scheduler
● kube-scheduler.service - Kubernetes Scheduler
   Loaded: loaded (/opt/k8s/config/kube-scheduler.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-07-23 17:21:01 CST; 32s ago
     Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
 Main PID: 6008 (kube-scheduler)
   CGroup: /system.slice/kube-scheduler.service
           └─6008 /opt/k8s/bin/kube-scheduler --logtostderr=true --v=4 --master=127.0.0.1:8080 --leader-elect

6.3- 安装kube-controller-manager

  • 创建kube-controller-manager配置文件
vim kube-controller-manager.cfg

KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true 
--v=4 
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 
--leader-elect=true 
--address=127.0.0.1 
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 
--cluster-name=kubernetes 
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/k8s/tsl/k8s-ca.pem 
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/k8s/tsl/k8s-ca-key.pem  
--root-ca-file=/opt/k8s/tsl/k8s-ca.pem 
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/k8s/tsl/k8s-ca-key.pem"
  • 创建systemd unit 文件
vim kube-controller-manager.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/k8s/config/kube-controller-manager.cfg
ExecStart=/opt/k8s/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
  • 拷贝二进制文件
cp /tmp/kubernetes-v.1.18.5/kube-controller-manager /opt/k8s/bin/
  • 启动服务
ln -s /opt/k8s/config/kube-controller-manager.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
  • 检查服务
[root@master config]# systemctl status kube-controller-manager
● kube-controller-manager.service - Kubernetes Controller Manager
   Loaded: loaded (/opt/k8s/config/kube-controller-manager.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-07-23 17:45:16 CST; 30s ago
     Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
 Main PID: 7891 (kube-controller)
   CGroup: /system.slice/kube-controller-manager.service
           └─7891 /opt/k8s/bin/kube-controller-manager --logtostderr=true --v=4 --master=127.0.0.1:8080 --leader-elect=true --address=127.0...

6.4- 检查集群状态

cp /tmp/kubernetes-v.1.18.5/kubectl /usr/sbin/

[root@master config]# kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
scheduler            Healthy   ok
controller-manager   Healthy   ok
etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true"}
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}
etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true"}

ps: master节点组件部署完成，此时建议多次重启系统检查服务是否正常，否则需要检查修复后再部署node节点组件。

7- 安装node节点组件

kubernetes node 节点运行如下组件：
kubelet
kube-proxy

7.1- 部署 kubelet 组件

  • kublet 运行在每个 worker 节点上，接收 kube-apiserver 发送的请求，管理 Pod 容器，执行交互式命令，如exec、run、logs 等;

  • kublet 启动时自动向 kube-apiserver 注册节点信息，内置的 cadvisor 统计和监控节点的资源使用情况;

  • 为确保安全，只开启接收 https 请求的安全端口，对请求进行认证和授权，拒绝未授权的访问(如apiserver、heapster)。

7.1.1- 创建 kubelet bootstrap.kubeconfig 文件[master节点]

  • 设置变量
mkdir -p /opt/k8s-node/{bin,tsl,config}
cd /opt/k8s-node/config/

export BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=2c1e270afcd5440611fd76ee3faab593
export KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.23.135:6443"
  • 设置集群参数
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes 
--certificate-authority=/opt/k8s/tsl/k8s-ca.pem 
--embed-certs=true 
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} 
--kubeconfig=./bootstrap.kubeconfig
  • 设置客户端认证参数
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap 
--token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} 
--kubeconfig=./bootstrap.kubeconfig
  • 设置上下文参数
kubectl config set-context default 
--cluster=kubernetes 
--user=kubelet-bootstrap 
--kubeconfig=./bootstrap.kubeconfig
  • 使用上下文参数
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=./bootstrap.kubeconfig

7.1.2- 创建 kubelet.kubeconfig 文件

  • 设置集群参数
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes 
--certificate-authority=/opt/k8s/tsl/k8s-ca.pem 
--embed-certs=true --server=${KUBE_APISERVER}  
--kubeconfig=./kubelet.kubeconfig
  • 设置客户端认证参数
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet 
--token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} 
--kubeconfig=./kubelet.kubeconfig
  • 设置上下文参数
kubectl config set-context default 
--cluster=kubernetes 
--user=kubelet 
--kubeconfig=./kubelet.kubeconfig
  • 使用上下文参数
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=./kubelet.kubeconfig

7.1.3 安装kubelet进程组件

  • 创建kubelet.env 参数配置文件
cd /opt/k8s-node/config
vim kubelet.env

kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 192.168.23.136
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: systemd        
clusterDomain: k8s.local.
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: true

PS: cgroupDriver 类型必须与docker设置的一样，否则会导致approve后kubele会进程推出

  • 创建kubelet.cfg服务配置文件
vim kubelet.cfg
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=true 
--v=4 
--hostname-override=node-1 
--kubeconfig=/opt/k8s-node/config/kubelet.kubeconfig 
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/k8s-node/config/bootstrap.kubeconfig 
--config=/opt/k8s-node/config/kubelet.env 
--cert-dir=/opt/k8s-node/tsl/ 
--pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0"
  • 创建kubelet systemd unit 文件
vim kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Requires=docker.service
After=docker.service


[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/k8s-node/config/kubelet.cfg
ExecStart=/opt/k8s-node/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
KillMode=process

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
  • 将kubelet-bootstrap用户绑定到系统集群角色
kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap 
  --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper 
  --user=kubelet-bootstrap
  • 拷贝二进制文件
cp /tmp/kubernetes-v.1.18.5/kubelet /opt/k8s-node/bin/kube
  • 拷贝配置文件到node节点
scp -r /opt/k8s-node/ root@192.168.23.136:/opt/
scp -r /opt/k8s-node/ root@192.168.23.137:/opt/
  • 启动服务[node节点]
ln -s /opt/k8s-node/config/kubelet.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet

7.1.4- approve kubelet CSR 请求[master节点]

  • 查看获取到到请求
[root@master config]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE     SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-OcSB30Vo3Gge_tX3OM5uuINwkkCYgzaW0y5FcVZGiRI   2m20s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending
node-csr-bG5qkwBn7kllVT_E21pV-gDZ35hlEvy6q_16PWXSr00   64s     kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending
  • approve请求
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-OcSB30Vo3Gge_tX3OM5uuINwkkCYgzaW0y5FcVZGiRI
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-bG5qkwBn7kllVT_E21pV-gDZ35hlEvy6q_16PWXSr00
  • 查看approve后的结果
[root@master config]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE     SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-OcSB30Vo3Gge_tX3OM5uuINwkkCYgzaW0y5FcVZGiRI   4m41s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Approved,Issued
node-csr-bG5qkwBn7kllVT_E21pV-gDZ35hlEvy6q_16PWXSr00   3m25s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Approved,Issued
  • csr 状态变为 Approved,Issued 即可
  • Requesting User：请求 CSR 的用户，kube-apiserver 对它进行认证和授权；
  • Subject：请求签名的证书信息；
  • 证书的 CN 是 system:node:kube-node2， Organization 是 system:nodes，kube-apiserver 的 Node 授权模式会授予该证书的相关权限；
  • 查看服务状态
[root@master ~]# kubectl get node,cs
NAME          STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
node/node-1   Ready    <none>   40m   v1.18.5
node/node-2   Ready    <none>   42m   v1.18.5

NAME                                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
componentstatus/controller-manager   Healthy   ok
componentstatus/scheduler            Healthy   ok
componentstatus/etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true"}
componentstatus/etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true"}
componentstatus/etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}

7.2- 安装kube-proxy组件

kube-proxy 运行在所有 node节点上，它监听 apiserver 中 service 和 Endpoint 的变化情况，创建路由规则来进行服务负载均衡。

7.2.1- 创建kube-proxy kubeconfig文件[master]

  • 设置集群参数
cd /opt/k8s-node/config/
export BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=2c1e270afcd5440611fd76ee3faab593
export KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.23.135:6443"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes 
--certificate-authority=/opt/k8s/tsl/k8s-ca.pem 
--embed-certs=true 
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} 
--kubeconfig=./kube-proxy.kubeconfig
  • 设置客户端认证参数
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy 
--client-certificate=/opt/k8s/tsl/k8s-proxy.pem 
--client-key=/opt/k8s/tsl/k8s-proxy-key.pem 
--embed-certs=true 
--kubeconfig=./kube-proxy.kubeconfig
  • 设置上下文参数
kubectl config set-context default 
--cluster=kubernetes 
--user=kube-proxy 
--kubeconfig=./kube-proxy.kubeconfig
  • 使用上下文
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=./kube-proxy.kubeconfig

7.2.2- 创建配置文件

  • 创建kube-proxy配置文件
vim kube-proxy.cfg
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=true 
--v=4 
--hostname-override=node-1 
--cluster-cidr=10.0.0.0/24 
--kubeconfig=/opt/k8s-node/config/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"

--cluster-cidr=10.0.0.0/24 集群service网络

  • 创建kube-proxy systemd unit 文件
vim kube-proxy.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/k8s-node/config/kube-proxy.cfg
ExecStart=/opt/k8s-node/bin/kube-proxy $KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

7.2.3- 启动服务

  • 拷贝二进制文件
cp /tmp/kubernetes-v.1.18.5/kube-proxy /opt/k8s-node/bin/
  • 拷贝配置文件到node节点
scp /opt/k8s-node/bin/kube-proxy root@192.168.23.136:/opt/k8s-node/bin/
scp /opt/k8s-node/bin/kube-proxy root@192.168.23.137:/opt/k8s-node/bin/

scp /opt/k8s-node/config/kube-proxy.* root@192.168.23.136:/opt/k8s-node/config/
scp /opt/k8s-node/config/kube-proxy.* root@192.168.23.137:/opt/k8s-node/config/
  • 启动进程
ln -s /opt/k8s-node/config/kube-proxy.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-proxy
systemctl restart kube-proxy

7.2.4- 检查服务状态

  • master
[root@master config]# systemctl status kube-proxy
● kube-proxy.service - Kubernetes Proxy
   Loaded: loaded (/opt/k8s-node/config/kube-proxy.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2020-07-24 07:16:43 CST; 1min 31s ago
  • node-1
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[root@node-1 k8s-node]# systemctl status kube-proxy
● kube-proxy.service - Kubernetes Proxy
   Loaded: loaded (/opt/k8s-node/config/kube-proxy.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2020-07-24 06:18:44 CST; 58min ago
 Main PID: 32609 (kube-proxy)
  • node-2
[root@node-2 ~]# systemctl status kube-proxy
● kube-proxy.service - Kubernetes Proxy
   Loaded: loaded (/opt/k8s-node/config/kube-proxy.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2020-07-24 06:21:04 CST; 55min ago
 Main PID: 32682 (kube-proxy)
    Tasks: 7
   Memory: 16.5M
   CGroup: /system.slice/kube-proxy.service

ps:此时K8S集群部署完成，建议多次重启服务器验证集群服务情况

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/lemanlai/p/13376441.html