WPF后台写ControlTemplate总结

这段时间写ControlTemplate的时候发现绑定的时候有些问题需要总结：

实例ControlTemplate如下：

<UserControl x:Class="ArcGISWpfMarkTest.TestSymbol"
             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" 
             xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" 
              xmlns:esri="http://schemas.esri.com/arcgis/client/2009"
             xmlns:local="clr-namespace:ArcGISWpfMarkTest"
             mc:Ignorable="d" 
             d:DesignHeight="300" d:DesignWidth="300">
    <UserControl.Resources>
        <esri:MarkerSymbol x:Key="Small" OffsetX="60" OffsetY="72">
            <esri:MarkerSymbol.ControlTemplate>
                <ControlTemplate>
                    <Grid>
                        <VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
                            <VisualStateGroup x:Name="CommonStates">
                                <VisualState x:Name="Normal" />
                                <VisualState x:Name="MouseOver">
                                    <Storyboard>
                                        <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Visibility)" Storyboard.TargetName="ImageNormal">
                                            <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{x:Static Visibility.Hidden}"/>
                                        </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                        <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Visibility)" Storyboard.TargetName="ImageSelected">
                                            <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0"  Value="{x:Static Visibility.Visible}"/>
                                        </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                        <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Visibility)" Storyboard.TargetName="label0">
                                            <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0"  Value="{x:Static Visibility.Visible}"/>
                                        </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    </Storyboard>
                                </VisualState>
                            </VisualStateGroup>
                            <VisualStateGroup x:Name="SelectionStates">
                                <VisualState x:Name="Unselected" />
                                <VisualState x:Name="Selected">
                                    <Storyboard>
                                        <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Visibility)" Storyboard.TargetName="ImageNormal">
                                            <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{x:Static Visibility.Hidden}"/>
                                        </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                        <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Visibility)" Storyboard.TargetName="ImageSelected">
                                            <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0"  Value="{x:Static Visibility.Visible}"/>
                                        </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                        <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Visibility)" Storyboard.TargetName="label0">
                                            <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0"  Value="{x:Static Visibility.Visible}"/>
                                        </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    </Storyboard>
                                </VisualState>
                            </VisualStateGroup>
                        </VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
                        <Grid>
                            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                                <RowDefinition Height="0.2*"></RowDefinition>
                                <RowDefinition Height="0.2*"></RowDefinition>
                                <RowDefinition Height="0.8*"></RowDefinition>
                            </Grid.RowDefinitions>
                            <Label  x:Name="label0" Visibility="Visible" Content="{Binding LabelContent1,RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type UserControl}}}" Grid.Row="0" BorderThickness="0.5" BorderBrush="White"  HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Padding="0" Margin="0" Background="#2b5e93" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" Foreground="White"  Width="120" Height="20" FontSize="12"/>
                            <Label  x:Name="label1" Visibility="Visible" Content="{Binding LabelContent2,RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type UserControl}}}" Grid.Row="1" BorderThickness="0.5" BorderBrush="White" HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Padding="0" Margin="0" Background="#2b5e93" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" Foreground="White" Width="120" Height="20" FontSize="12"/>
                            <Image Name="ImageNormal" Grid.Row="2" Source="/Images/small_police.png" Visibility="Visible"/>
                            <Image Name="ImageSelected" Grid.Row="2" Source="/Images/small_police_hit.png" Visibility="Hidden"/>
                        </Grid>
                    </Grid>
                </ControlTemplate>
            </esri:MarkerSymbol.ControlTemplate>
        </esri:MarkerSymbol>
    </UserControl.Resources>
    <Grid>
            
    </Grid>
</UserControl>

这个ControlTemplate是我定义的Arcgis runtime for wpf中MarkerSymbol的ControlTemplate

首先，我遇到第一个问题是：在map窗口的主程序中调用TestSymbol这个类的实例来引用它的ControlTemplate资源时候遇到两个Label的Content无法绑定

情况如下：TestSymbol类中我定义了LabelContent1和LabelContent2两个属性，在Map窗口的类中：

TestSymbol testSymbol=new TestSymbol();

 testSymbol.TryFindResources("Small") as Symbol作为一个Graphic点位的Symbol，这样发现ControlTemplate定义的绑定写法其实根本就错误的。

ControlTemplate作为资源是被Map的主窗口调用，这样它沿着可视树查找的时候的DataContext就是Map的主窗口，所以LabelContent1和LabelContent2两个属性应该定义到

Map的主窗口类中，并且绑定应该这样写Content="{Binding LabelContent1,RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type Window}}}"

但是这样做的话对我的程序来说没有意义，我不可能每个点位都分别定义LabelContent1和LabelContent2两个属性，所以只能另外想办法了。

我重新定义了一个类用来存每个点位的相关信息

using ESRI.ArcGIS.Client;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Symbols;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Markup;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;

namespace ArcGISWpfMarkTest
{
    class TestElement:Graphic
    {
        private string manName;

        public string ManName
        {
            get { return manName; }
            set { manName = value; }
        }

        private string phoneNo;

        public string PhoneNo
        {
            get { return phoneNo; }
            set { phoneNo = value; }
        }
        public TestElement()
        {

        }
        public TestElement(string ManName,string PhoneNo)
        {
            this.ManName = ManName;
            this.PhoneNo = PhoneNo;
            ImageNormal = "pack://application:,,,/Source/Images/man32.png";
            ImageSelected = "/Source/Images/man_selected32.png";
            Symbol = GetMarkerSymbol() as Symbol;
        }

        public MarkerSymbol GetMarkerSymbol()
        {
            MarkerSymbol markerSymbol = new MarkerSymbol();
            markerSymbol.OffsetX = 60;
            markerSymbol.OffsetY = 72;
            markerSymbol.ControlTemplate = GetControlTemplate();
            return markerSymbol;
        }

        public string ImageNormal { get; set; }
        public string ImageSelected { get; set; }


        private ControlTemplate GetControlTemplate()
        {
            string template = "<ControlTemplate xmlns='http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation' xmlns:x='http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml'><Grid><VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups><VisualStateGroup x:Name="SelectionStates"><VisualState x:Name="Unselected" /><VisualState x:Name="Selected"><Storyboard><ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Visibility)" Storyboard.TargetName="ImageNormal"><DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{x:Static Visibility.Hidden}"/></ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames><ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Visibility)" Storyboard.TargetName="ImageSelected"><DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0"  Value="{x:Static Visibility.Visible}"/></ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames></Storyboard></VisualState></VisualStateGroup></VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups><Grid><Grid.RowDefinitions><RowDefinition Height="0.2 * "></RowDefinition><RowDefinition Height="0.2 * "></RowDefinition><RowDefinition Height="0.8 * "></RowDefinition></Grid.RowDefinitions><Label Visibility="Visible" Grid.Row="0" BorderThickness="0.5" BorderBrush="White"  HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Padding="0" Margin="0" Background="" + "#2b5e93" + "" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" Foreground="White" Content="" + ManName + "" Width="" + "120" + "" Height="" + "20" + "" FontSize="" + "12" + ""/><Label Visibility="Visible" Grid.Row="1" BorderThickness="0.5" BorderBrush="White" HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Padding="0" Margin="0" Background="" + "#2b5e93" + "" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" Foreground="White" Content="" + PhoneNo + "" Width="" + "120" + "" Height="" + "20" + "" FontSize="" + "12" + ""/><Image Name="ImageNormal" Grid.Row="2" Source="" + ImageNormal + "" Visibility="Visible"/><Image Name="ImageSelected" Grid.Row="2" Source="" + ImageSelected + "" Visibility="Hidden"/></Grid></Grid></ControlTemplate>";
            var tem = XamlReader.Parse(template);
            return tem as ControlTemplate;
        }
    }
}

　　这个TestElement类的关键思想是把xmal代码定义成字符串格式，然后这个字符串是依赖于TestElement类的自身属性而动态生成的，不同实例传入的属性不同，所以突破了xmal绑定机制的限制，可以成功的为每个点位传入不同的属性值了，这个xmal代码字符串通过以下代码成功转为ControlTemplate了。

 var tem = XamlReader.Parse(template);
            return tem as ControlTemplate;

以上做法有点违背wpf思想设计初衷，我也是没办法才如此做的，谁叫我的WPF技能不够高呢。。


在查找使用C#代码后台定义ControlTemplate的时候，发现这篇博文的方法也可行，只是再写布局的时候有些麻烦，我暂时还没有去实现
http://blog.csdn.net/zyloveyrf/article/details/6736844

还有一个问题总结：
在写Image的资源路径的时候遇到这样一个问题：
在Demo程序中这样定义Image的Resource可行

 "pack://application:,,,/Source/Images/man32.png" 绝对路径
 "/Source/Images/man_selected32.png" 相对路径

但是有时候上面的写法无效，非要下面的写法才行：

"pack://application:,,,/SDGPS_ManLayer;component/Source/Images/man32.png";
"pack://application:,,,/SDGPS_ManLayer;component/Source/Images/man_selected32.png";

这种情况发生在我的图层是单独编译成一个DLL，与MAP的主程序分离设计的。

我想可能是程序资源集引用的相关问题，以后再做研究。

WPF的Resource路径参考：

http://www.cnblogs.com/kushisei/p/5747708.html

https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/aa970069(v=vs.100).aspx

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/lelehellow/p/7278860.html