1. 互斥量,
静态初始化：PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER
int pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *mutex, const pthread_mutexattr_t *attr)
ini pthread_mutex_destory(phread_mutex_t * mutex)
int pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
int pthread_mutex_trylock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
int pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
2. 读写锁
int pthread_rwlock_init(pthread_rwlock_t * rwlock, const pthread_rwlockattr_t * attr);
int pthread_rwlock_destroy(pthread_rwlock_t * rwlock)
int pthread_rwlock_rdlock(pthread_rwlock_t * rwlock)
int pthread_rwlock_wrlock(pthread_rwlock_t * rwlock)
int pthread_rwlock_unlock(pthread_rwlock_t * rwlock)
int pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock(pthread_rwlock_t *rwlock)
int pthread_rwlock_trywrlock(pthread_rwlock_t *rwlock)
3. 条件变量
静态初始化：PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER
int pthread_cond_init(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_condattr_t * attr)
int pthread_cond_destroy(pthread_cond_t * cond)
int pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t * mutex)
int pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex, const struct timespec * timeout)
int pthread_cond_signal(pthread_cond_t *cond)
int pthread_cond_broadcast(pthread_cond_t * cond)