本博文主要将如何配置一个简单的SpringMVC的DEMO，由上一讲的SpringMVC工作流程来看，配置一个SpringMVC的步骤是简单而清晰的。
一、引入SpringMVC所需依赖
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.jyk.springMVC</groupId> <artifactId>SpringMVC</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId> <version>3.1.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId> <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
二、注册SpringMVC的核心控制器Dispather Servlet
在web.xml中注册Dispather Servlet
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <servlet> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- 通知DispacherServlet去指定的目录下加载springmvc.xml --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> classpath:springmvc.xml </param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <!-- 核心过滤器过滤以.action结束的url请求 --> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 注册spring核心编码过滤器，防止页面中文乱码 --> <filter> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
三、编写实现了Controller接口的处理器（即业务Action）
实现springmvc的业务Action，返回ModelAndView对象，必须实现springmvc提供的Controller接口，路径为org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller
package com.jyk.springmvc; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller; public class HelloHAE implements Controller{ private final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(HelloHAE.class); public HelloHAE() { LOGGER.info("HelloHAE hae been created"); } @Override public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { LOGGER.info("ModelAndView Entrance..."); /** * modelAndView对象封装了业务数据和前端显示的视图名称，即该业务数据最终会通过解析在代码设置的视图中显示 * addObject方法为业务model添加属性 * setViewName方法设置视图名称,此处配置的为逻辑视图名称success，配置成逻辑视图名称时，需要配置第四步所需要的视图解析器，若不想配置视图解析器，则此处可配置成
* 真实视图名称/success.jsp */ ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView(); modelAndView.addObject("Message","My First SpringMVC Application"); modelAndView.setViewName("success"); return modelAndView; } }
四、配置请求与处理器映射关系
由于第二步在web.xml配置了核心控制器Dispacher Servlet去加载的springmvc.xml，所以此处先配置全局的springmvc配置，再细节到具体的配置请求和处理器的映射关系的文件springmvc-001.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd "> <import resource="com/jyk/springmvc/springmvc-001.xml" /> </beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd "> <!-- 1、注册业务Action --> <bean name="/hello.action" class="com.jyk.springmvc.HelloHAE"></bean> <!-- 2、如果业务Action中配置的是逻辑视图名称，那么必须配置视图解析器，如第三步业务Action配置的是逻辑视图success，那么为了最终将数据送至success.jsp展示，那么必须
配置如下的视图解析器，告知springmvc去哪里寻找最终要展示的目标视图，即/success.jsp --> <!-- 3、如果业务Action中配置的是真实视图名称，即/success.jsp，那么视图解析器可选 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!-- 路径前缀 --> <property name="prefix" value="/"></property> <!-- 路径后缀 --> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> <!-- 前缀+视图逻辑名+后缀 --> </bean> </beans>
五、配置前端展示的视图
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body>
<!-- Message对应业务Action中addObject方法中的属性名 --> ${requestScope.Message}<br/> </body> </html>
六、效果展示
