Java集合之Collection

概述:

- 是单例集合的顶层接口,他表示一组对象,这些对象也成为Collection的元素
- JDK不提供此接口的任何直接实现,他提供更具体的子接口(如Set和List)实现

创建Collection集合的对象

- 多态的方式
- 具体的实现类ArrayList

1 public class Demo1 {
2     public static void main(String[] args) {
3         Collection<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
4         list.add("hello");
5         list.add("world");
6         list.add("java");
7         System.out.println(list);
8     }
9 }
集合的常用方法:

注:add方法永远返回true

 1 public class Demo2 {
 2     public static void main(String[] args) {
 3         Collection<String> c = new ArrayList<String>();
 4         c.add("hello");
 5         c.add("world");
 6         c.add("java");
 7         System.out.println(c.remove("java"));
 8         c.remove("javaee");
 9         System.out.println(c.contains("hello"));
10         System.out.println(c.isEmpty());
11         System.out.println(c.size());
12         c.clear();
13         System.out.println(c);
14     }
15 }
Collection集合的遍历

Iterator:迭代器,集合的专用遍历方式

  • Iterator<E> iterator():返回此集合中元素的迭代器,通过集合的iterator()方法得到

  • 迭代器是通过集合的iterator()方法得到的,所以我们是他是依赖于集合而存在的

Iterator中的常用方法

  • E next():返回迭代中的下一个元素

  • boolean hasNext():如果迭代具有更多元素,则返回true

 1 public class IteratorTest {
 2     public static void main(String[] args) {
 3         Collection<String> c = new ArrayList<String>();
 4         c.add("hello");
 5         c.add("world");
 6         c.add("java");
 7 
 8         Iterator<String> it = c.iterator();
 9 //        String s = it.next();
10 //        System.out.println(s);
11         while (it.hasNext()){
12             String s1 = it.next();
13             System.out.println(s1);
14         }
15     }
16 }
练习:存储3个学生并遍历
 1 //学生类
 2 public class Student {
 3     private String name;
 4     private int age;
 5 
 6     public Student(String name, int age) {
 7         this.name = name;
 8         this.age = age;
 9     }
10 
11     public Student() {
12     }
13 
14     public String getName() {
15         return name;
16     }
17 
18     public void setName(String name) {
19         this.name = name;
20     }
21 
22     public int getAge() {
23         return age;
24     }
25 
26     public void setAge(int age) {
27         this.age = age;
28     }
29 
30     public void show() {
31         System.out.println("学生的姓名:" + name + "   学生的年龄:" + age);
32     }
33 }
34 
35 
36 //测试类
37 public class CollectionTest {
38     public static void main(String[] args) {
39         Scanner sc1 = new Scanner(System.in);
40         System.out.println("请输入要添加学生的数目:");
41         int num = sc1.nextInt();
42         Collection<Student> students = addStudent(num);
43         System.out.println(students);
44         bianli(students);
45     }
46     //添加学生对象,2个明确:参数:输入要添加的学生个数;返回值:返回collection集合?
47     public static Collection<Student> addStudent(int num){
48         Collection<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();
49         Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
50         for(int i = 0;i<num;i++){
51             System.out.println("请输入添加的学生的姓名:");
52             String name = sc.nextLine();
53             System.out.println("请输入添加的学生的年龄:");
54             int age = sc.nextInt();
55             Student s = new Student(name, age);
56             students.add(s);
57         }
58         return students;
59     }
60 
61     //遍历学生的collection集合,2个明确:参数,传入collection;返回值:不需要
62     public static void bianli(Collection<Student> s){
63         Iterator<Student> iterator = s.iterator();
64         while (iterator.hasNext()){
65             Student student = iterator.next();
66             student.show();
67         }
68     }
69 }
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jiliangqian/p/15180769.html