hadoop的单机部署很简单也不容易出错，但是对生产环境的价值和意义不大，但是可以快速用于开发。
部署hadoop的错误原因不少，并且很奇怪。
比如，用户名不同，造成客户端和服务器通讯产生认证失败的错误，客户端，服务器各节点的用户名应当是一致的，并且个节点应该建立ssh的无认证登陆。
一、出现下面错误：
13/07/09 13:57:07 INFO ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: master/192.168.2.200:9000. Already tried 0 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
或
java.net.ConnectException: Call to master/192.168.2.200:9000 failed on connection exception: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.wrapException(Client.java:1136)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1112)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Invoker.invoke(RPC.java:229)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy7.renewLease(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor23.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invokeMethod(RetryInvocationHandler.java:85)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invoke(RetryInvocationHandler.java:62)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy7.renewLease(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient.renewLease(DFSClient.java:379)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.LeaseRenewer.renew(LeaseRenewer.java:378)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.LeaseRenewer.run(LeaseRenewer.java:400)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.LeaseRenewer.access$600(LeaseRenewer.java:69)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.LeaseRenewer$1.run(LeaseRenewer.java:273)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:719)
at org.apache.hadoop.net.SocketIOWithTimeout.connect(SocketIOWithTimeout.java:206)
at org.apache.hadoop.net.NetUtils.connect(NetUtils.java:511)
at org.apache.hadoop.net.NetUtils.connect(NetUtils.java:481)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client$Connection.setupConnection(Client.java:453)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client$Connection.setupIOstreams(Client.java:579)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client$Connection.access$2100(Client.java:202)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.getConnection(Client.java:1243)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1087)
... 14 more
是客户端无法连接服务器造成的，可能是服务器没有启动或者启动了防火墙。
二、出现下面错误：
13/07/09 13:57:36 ERROR hdfs.DFSClient: Failed to close file /tmp/web304069331.log
org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException: java.io.IOException: File /tmp/web304069331.log could only be replicated to 0 nodes, instead of 1
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.getAdditionalBlock(FSNamesystem.java:1920)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.addBlock(NameNode.java:783)
at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor6.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:587)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1432)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1428)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1190)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:1426)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1107)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Invoker.invoke(RPC.java:229)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy7.addBlock(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invokeMethod(RetryInvocationHandler.java:85)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invoke(RetryInvocationHandler.java:62)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy7.addBlock(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.locateFollowingBlock(DFSClient.java:3720)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.nextBlockOutputStream(DFSClient.java:3580)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.access$2600(DFSClient.java:2783)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream$DataStreamer.run(DFSClient.java:3023)
原因很多，namenode节点和datanode节点不能正常通讯造成的。根据查询启动日志看到datanode节点没有办法解析机器名造成的，所以修改/etc/hostname和/etc/hosts文件。
三、出现一下错误：
13/07/09 13:59:01 INFO hdfs.DFSClient: Exception in createBlockOutputStream 192.168.2.201:50010 java.net.SocketTimeoutException: 63000 millis timeout while waiting for channel to be ready for connect. ch : java.nio.channels.SocketChannel[connection-pending remote=/192.168.2.201:50010]
13/07/09 13:59:01 INFO hdfs.DFSClient: Abandoning blk_-6965665250189110825_1679
13/07/09 13:59:01 INFO hdfs.DFSClient: Excluding datanode 192.168.2.201:50010
13/07/09 13:59:01 WARN hdfs.DFSClient: DataStreamer Exception: org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException: java.io.IOException: File /tmp/web465901718.log could only be replicated to 0 nodes, instead of 1
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.getAdditionalBlock(FSNamesystem.java:1920)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.addBlock(NameNode.java:783)
at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor6.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:587)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1432)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1428)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1190)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:1426)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1107)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Invoker.invoke(RPC.java:229)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy7.addBlock(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invokeMethod(RetryInvocationHandler.java:85)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invoke(RetryInvocationHandler.java:62)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy7.addBlock(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.locateFollowingBlock(DFSClient.java:3720)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.nextBlockOutputStream(DFSClient.java:3580)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.access$2600(DFSClient.java:2783)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream$DataStreamer.run(DFSClient.java:3023)
13/07/09 13:59:01 WARN hdfs.DFSClient: Error Recovery for blk_-6965665250189110825_1679 bad datanode[0] nodes == null
13/07/09 13:59:01 WARN hdfs.DFSClient: Could not get block locations. Source file "/tmp/web465901718.log" - Aborting...
org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException: java.io.IOException: File /tmp/web465901718.log could only be replicated to 0 nodes, instead of 1
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.getAdditionalBlock(FSNamesystem.java:1920)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.addBlock(NameNode.java:783)
at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor6.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:587)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1432)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1428)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1190)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:1426)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1107)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Invoker.invoke(RPC.java:229)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy7.addBlock(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invokeMethod(RetryInvocationHandler.java:85)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invoke(RetryInvocationHandler.java:62)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy7.addBlock(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.locateFollowingBlock(DFSClient.java:3720)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.nextBlockOutputStream(DFSClient.java:3580)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.access$2600(DFSClient.java:2783)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream$DataStreamer.run(DFSClient.java:3023)
^C七月 09, 2013 2:00:46 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause
INFO: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
七月 09, 2013 2:00:46 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause
INFO: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
七月 09, 2013 2:00:46 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService stopInternal
INFO: Stopping service Catalina
13/07/09 14:00:46 ERROR hdfs.DFSClient: Failed to close file /tmp/web465901718.log
org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException: java.io.IOException: File /tmp/web465901718.log could only be replicated to 0 nodes, instead of 1
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.getAdditionalBlock(FSNamesystem.java:1920)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.addBlock(NameNode.java:783)
at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor6.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:587)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1432)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1428)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1190)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:1426)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1107)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Invoker.invoke(RPC.java:229)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy7.addBlock(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invokeMethod(RetryInvocationHandler.java:85)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invoke(RetryInvocationHandler.java:62)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy7.addBlock(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.locateFollowingBlock(DFSClient.java:3720)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.nextBlockOutputStream(DFSClient.java:3580)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.access$2600(DFSClient.java:2783)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream$DataStreamer.run(DFSClient.java:3023)
七月 09, 2013 2:00:46 下午 org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader clearReferencesThreads
是因为客户端与数据节点通讯失败造成的。客户端程序应该能够和所有的节点通讯才能保证数据的传输正常。
四、hadoop namenode -format时出现：
Format aborted in /home/cnsworder/hadoop/name
删除掉这个文件夹重新格式化。