实数的整数次方(考虑了优化效率做法)

//添加全局变量以便考虑次方是否出错
bool InvaildInput = false;

//判断数值是否相等,实数需要相关判断。。。
bool EqualD(const double& num1, const double& num2)
{
    return fabs(num1 - num2) > 1E-6 ? false : true;
}

//求取实数的正次方
double PowerD_UINT(const double& base, unsigned int exponent)
{
    //普通做法
    //double res = 1.0;
    //for (size_t i = 0; i < exponent; i++)
    //{
    //    res *= base;
    //}

    //递归的
    if (0 == exponent)
        return 1.0;
    if (1 == exponent)
        return base;

    double res = PowerD_UINT(base, exponent >> 1);
    res *= res; //求平方
    if (1 == exponent & 0x01) //判断exponent是否为偶数
        res *= base;

    return base;
}

//求取实数的整数次方
double PowerD(double base, int exponent)
{    
    InvaildInput = false;

    //0的正次方以及负次方都定义为0.0
    if (EqualD(base, 0))
    {
        if (exponent < 0)
        {
            InvaildInput = false;
            return 0.0;
        }
        else
        {
            return 0.0;
        }
    }

    if (0 == exponent)
    {
        return 1.0;
    }
    if (EqualD(base,1.0))
    {
        return 1.0;
    }

    //0次方在初始位置已经解决
    double res = 0.0;
    unsigned uint_exponent;
    if (exponent<0)
    {
        //注意不能直接unsigned int(exponent)
        //unsigned short(-1)=65535...
        uint_exponent = unsigned int(-exponent);
        res = PowerD_UINT(base, uint_exponent);
        res = 1.0 / res;
    }
    else
    {
        uint_exponent = unsigned int(exponent);
        res = PowerD_UINT(base, uint_exponent);
        res = 1.0 / res;
    }

    return res;
}

最后的递归简直不能再赞了,学到了!

这里针对整数》1的递归次数应该在合理的范围内,不会造成栈溢出。

unsigned int x = UINT_MAX,n=0;
for (x; x >= 1; x = x >> 1)
{
    cout << ++n << endl;
}

结果为32次!

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jason1990/p/4704809.html