1、Inode被占满，导致磁盘有可用的剩余空间也无法继续使用
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使用dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/disk bs=1K count=1024创建1M的文件
[root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/disk bs=1K count=1024 1024+0 records in 1024+0 records out 1048576 bytes (1.0 MB, 1.0 MiB) copied, 0.00748152 s, 140 MB/s [root@localhost ~]# du -sh /root/disk 1.0M /root/disk
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格式化disk，文件系统类型为ext4，指定inode大小为1024
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 -i 1024 /root/disk mke2fs 1.44.6 (5-Mar-2019) Filesystem too small for a journal Discarding device blocks: done Creating filesystem with 1024 1k blocks and 1024 inodes Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done [root@localhost ~]# blkid /root/disk /root/disk: UUID="920104f4-4f3b-4dfa-aae3-134f1af4494f" TYPE="ext4"
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创建挂载目录，挂载disk
//创建挂载目录 [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /date //挂载disk [root@localhost ~]# mount -t ext4 -o loop /root/disk /date/ // -t：指定文件系统格式；-o loop ：把一个文件当成硬盘分区挂接上系统
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查看挂载信息
[root@localhost ~]# df -ihT Filesystem Type Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on devtmpfs devtmpfs 222K 372 222K 1% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 226K 1 226K 1% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 226K 586 226K 1% /run tmpfs tmpfs 226K 17 226K 1% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/rhel-root xfs 25M 36K 25M 1% / /dev/nvme0n1p1 xfs 512K 301 512K 1% /boot /dev/sr0 iso9660 0 0 0 - /mnt /dev/mapper/rhel-home xfs 34M 3 34M 1% /home tmpfs tmpfs 226K 5 226K 1% /run/user/0 /dev/loop0 ext4 1.0K 11 1013 2% /date
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在date目录里面创建10000个文件，测试inode被占满，空间却没使用完
[root@localhost ~]# cd /date
[root@localhost date]# touch {1..10000}
..........
touch: cannot touch '9990': No space left on device
touch: cannot touch '9991': No space left on device
touch: cannot touch '9992': No space left on device
touch: cannot touch '9993': No space left on device
touch: cannot touch '9994': No space left on device
touch: cannot touch '9995': No space left on device
touch: cannot touch '9996': No space left on device
touch: cannot touch '9997': No space left on device
touch: cannot touch '9998': No space left on device
touch: cannot touch '9999': No space left on device
touch: cannot touch '10000': No space left on device
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查看inode使用量
[root@localhost date]# df -i Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on devtmpfs 226829 372 226457 1% /dev tmpfs 231191 1 231190 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 231191 586 230605 1% /run tmpfs 231191 17 231174 1% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/rhel-root 26214400 35956 26178444 1% / /dev/nvme0n1p1 524288 301 523987 1% /boot /dev/sr0 0 0 0 - /mnt /dev/mapper/rhel-home 35100672 3 35100669 1% /home tmpfs 231191 5 231186 1% /run/user/0 /dev/loop0 1024 1024 0 100% /date //空间已经占满
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查看空间使用量
[root@localhost date]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on devtmpfs 887M 0 887M 0% /dev tmpfs 904M 0 904M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 904M 8.7M 895M 1% /run tmpfs 904M 0 904M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/rhel-root 50G 1.8G 49G 4% / /dev/nvme0n1p1 1014M 173M 842M 18% /boot /dev/sr0 7.4G 7.4G 0 100% /mnt /dev/mapper/rhel-home 67G 511M 67G 1% /home tmpfs 181M 0 181M 0% /run/user/0 /dev/loop0 891K 26K 794K 4% /date //剩余794K
2、Block空间即将被占满,但删除大文件也没有释放空间
1、案例
假设现在线上正在运行Nginx服务, Nginx产生的日志已经达到了20个G,磁盘眼看就看沾满了,请问不重启Nginx的方式如何处理
- 删除文件，但Nginx持续占用着文件， 所以空间并不会被释放
- rm -rf access. log
- 正确做法如下，清空该文件即可释放文件内容
- > access. log