现在 我们开始使用一些简单的搜索, 有两种基本的方式来运行搜索。
一个是通过发送搜索参数通过RSET请求URI, 另外的通过RESET 请求体发送。
请求body 方法允许你更加有表现力的,定义你的搜索是更加可读的JSON格式
我们尝试一个请求URI 方法的例子但是这个章节的剩余部分,我们会专门使用请求body 方法。
The REST API 用于搜索是可访问的从_search endpoint. 这个例子返回所有的文档在bank index.
让我们首先分析搜索调用,我们是搜索(_search endpoint) 在bankindex,
q=* parameter 通知Elasticsearch 来匹配所有的文档在索引里
sort=account_number:asc 参数表明 排序 结果集使用account_number 字段
pretty 参数 告诉Elasticsearch 返回漂亮的JSON结果
GET /test/_search?q=*&sort=account_number:asc&pretty
[elk@node01 api]$ curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST 'http://192.168.137.2:9200/test/account/_bulk?pretty&refresh' --data-binary "@bb.json"(_search endpoint)
{
"took": 15,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 5,
"max_score": null,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "account",
"_id": "1",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"account_number": 1,
"balance": 39225,
"firstname": "Amber",
"lastname": "Duke",
"age": 32,
"gender": "M",
"address": "880 Holmes Lane",
"employer": "Pyrami",
"email": "amberduke@pyrami.com",
"city": "Brogan",
"state": "IL"
},
"sort": [
1
]
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "account",
"_id": "6",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"account_number": 6,
"balance": 5686,
"firstname": "Hattie",
"lastname": "Bond",
"age": 36,
"gender": "M",
"address": "671 Bristol Street",
"employer": "Netagy",
"email": "hattiebond@netagy.com",
"city": "Dante",
"state": "TN"
},
"sort": [
6
]
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "account",
"_id": "13",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"account_number": 13,
"balance": 32838,
"firstname": "Nanette",
"lastname": "Bates",
"age": 28,
"gender": "F",
"address": "789 Madison Street",
"employer": "Quility",
"email": "nanettebates@quility.com",
"city": "Nogal",
"state": "VA"
},
"sort": [
13
]
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "account",
"_id": "18",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"account_number": 18,
"balance": 4180,
"firstname": "Dale",
"lastname": "Adams",
"age": 33,
"gender": "M",
"address": "467 Hutchinson Court",
"employer": "Boink",
"email": "daleadams@boink.com",
"city": "Orick",
"state": "MD"
},
"sort": [
18
]
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "account",
"_id": "20",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"account_number": 20,
"balance": 16418,
"firstname": "Elinor",
"lastname": "Ratliff",
"age": 36,
"gender": "M",
"address": "282 Kings Place",
"employer": "Scentric",
"email": "elinorratliff@scentric.com",
"city": "Ribera",
"state": "WA"
},
"sort": [
20
]
}
]
}
}
GET /test/_search?q=Amber&sort=account_number:asc&pretty
至于响应,我们看几个部分:
{
"took": 20,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 2,
"max_score": null,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "account",
"_id": "1",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"account_number": 1,
"balance": 39225,
"firstname": "Amber",
"lastname": "Duke",
"age": 32,
"gender": "M",
"address": "880 Holmes Lane",
"employer": "Pyrami",
"email": "amberduke@pyrami.com",
"city": "Brogan",
"state": "IL"
},
"sort": [
1
]
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "account",
"_id": "99",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"account_number": 99,
"balance": 39225,
"firstname": "Amber",
"lastname": "Duke",
"age": 32,
"gender": "M",
"address": "880 Holmes Lane",
"employer": "Pyrami",
"email": "amberduke@pyrami.com",
"city": "Brogan",
"state": "IL"
},
"sort": [
99
]
}
]
}
}
至于响应,我们看下面几个部分:
1.took: Elasticsearch 执行搜索单位毫秒
2.timed_out 告诉我们如果搜索是否超时
3._shards 告诉我们搜索分片的数量
下面是使用使用请求body 方法:
GET /test/_search
{
"query": { "match_all": {} },
"sort": [
{ "account_number": "asc" }
],
"fields": [ "account_number", "firstname", "lastname" ]
}
{
"took": 4,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 6,
"max_score": null,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "account",
"_id": "1",
"_score": null,
"fields": {
"account_number": [
1
],
"firstname": [
"Amber"
],
"lastname": [
"Duke"
]
},
"sort": [
1
]
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "account",
"_id": "6",
"_score": null,
"fields": {
"account_number": [
6
],
"firstname": [
"Hattie"
],
"lastname": [
"Bond"
]
},
"sort": [
6
]
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "account",
"_id": "13",
"_score": null,
"fields": {
"account_number": [
13
],
"firstname": [
"Nanette"
],
"lastname": [
"Bates"
]
},
"sort": [
13
]
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "account",
"_id": "18",
"_score": null,
"fields": {
"account_number": [
18
],
"firstname": [
"Dale"
],
"lastname": [
"Adams"
]
},
"sort": [
18
]
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "account",
"_id": "20",
"_score": null,
"fields": {
"account_number": [
20
],
"firstname": [
"Elinor"
],
"lastname": [
"Ratliff"
]
},
"sort": [
20
]
},
{
"_index": "test",
"_type": "account",
"_id": "99",
"_score": null,
"fields": {
"account_number": [
99
],
"firstname": [
"Amber"
],
"lastname": [
"Duke"
]
},
"sort": [
99
]
}
]
}
}
利用perl 实现:
[elk@node01 api]$ cat a10.pl
##发送消息
use LWP::UserAgent;
use LWP;
use Encode;
use LWP::Simple;
use LWP::UserAgent;
use HTTP::Cookies;
use HTTP::Headers;
use HTTP::Response;
use Encode;
use URI::Escape;
use URI::URL;
use JSON;
use Data::Dumper;
my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new;
$ua->agent("Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:30.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/30.0");
my $cookie_jar = HTTP::Cookies->new(
file=>'lwp_cookies.txt',
autosave=>1,
ignore_discard=>1);
$ua->cookie_jar($cookie_jar);
my $login_url ="http://192.168.137.2:9200/test/_search";
my $post ={
"query" => { "match_all" => {} },
"sort" => [
{ "account_number" => "asc" }
],
"fields" => [ "account_number", "firstname", "lastname" ]
};
use JSON qw(encode_json);
$json_string = encode_json($post);
my $req = HTTP::Request->new(
'POST' => $login_url
);
$req->content_type('application/json; charset=UTF-8')
; #post请求,如果有发送参数，必须要有这句
$req->content("$json_string"); #发送post的参数
my $res = $ua->request($req);
print $res->content()."
"; #获取的是响应正文
{"took":5,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":5,"successful":5,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":6,"max_score":null,
"hits":[{"_index":"test","_type":"account","_id":"1","_score":null,
"fields":{"account_number":[1],"firstname":["Amber"],"lastname":["Duke"]},"sort":[1]},
{"_index":"test","_type":"account","_id":"6","_score":null,
"fields":{"account_number":[6],"firstname":["Hattie"],"lastname":["Bond"]},"sort":[6]},
{"_index":"test","_type":"account","_id":"13","_score":null,
"fields":{"account_number":[13],"firstname":["Nanette"],"lastname":["Bates"]},"sort":[13]},
{"_index":"test","_type":"account","_id":"18","_score":null,"fields":{"account_number":[18],
"firstname":["Dale"],"lastname":["Adams"]},"sort":[18]},{"_index":"test","_type":"account","_id":"20","_score":null,
"fields":{"account_number":[20],"firstname":["Elinor"],"lastname":["Ratliff"]},"sort":[20]},
{"_index":"test","_type":"account","_id":"99","_score":null,"fields":{"account_number":[99],
"firstname":["Amber"],"lastname":["Duke"]},"sort":[99]}]}}
不同的是 代替了q=* in the URI, 我们POST 一个JSON累心的查询请求体到_search API.
我们会讨论JSON 查询在下面一个章节。
重要的是了解一旦你得到搜索结果返回,
Elasticsearch 是完成了请求 不在维护任何类型的服务端资源